... To derive the motion of a penny dropped inside an airliner moving at 600 miles/hr (about 1000 km/hr)--should we calculate it with respect to the interior of the airliner, or with respect to the ground? ... And if a similar penny is let go inside an orbiting spaceship--should its motion be calculated relative to the interior of the spaceship, or relative to the Earth outside? ... Each such choice is known as a frame of reference . Some possible frames are -- the interior of the airliner, . ...

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... 22.Reference Frames . ... To derive the motion of a penny dropped inside an airliner moving at 600 miles/hr (about 1000 km/hr)--should we calculate it with respect to the interior of the airliner, or with respect to the ground? ... And if a similar penny is let go inside an orbiting spaceship--should its motion be calculated relative to the interior of the spaceship, or relative to the Earth outside? ... How do observations differ in the two frames--the airliner cabin and the Earth? ...

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... epiclccorr (epiclccorr-1.0.8) [?? ... epiclccorr will treat all these corrections individually, developing and designing specific algorithms to correct the Relative Corrections . GTIs correction will be calculated using the GTI extensions located in the time series file, if any. ... Exposure correction is the time inside each frame where the CCD is taking data correctly (no counting or MIP problems). ... This correction will be calculated using the Live Time and Frame Time values of each mode. ...

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• A module containing routines to perform calculations relating to exposure...
• Algorithm

The ESA/ESO Astronomy Exercise Series 2 . The Distance to Messier 100 as Determined by Cepheid Variable Stars . ... The small variations in distance to the individual Cepheid variable stars in the Cloud are negligible compared with the much larger distance to the SMC. ... In this way Cepheid variable stars can be used as one of the 'standard candles' in the Universe that act either as distance indicators themselves or can be used to calibrate (or set the zero point for) other distance indicators. ...

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... The experience of determination of the link between radio sources and dynamical reference frames is presented. To obtain this connection we used a series of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the spacecraft Phobos-2 and angularly nearby quasars. ... The dynamical reference frame is determined by equator and equinox of these ephemerides. ... References . ... The relative orientation of the radio and dynamical reference frames can be described by a sequence of three rotations . ...

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• Some notes on Python relevant to ALMA and ALMA data reduction Bojan Nikolic web
• Computing dispersive atmospheric delay with AATM Bojan Nikolic web pages (r.

The database contains references to the papers, data files and links to the Internet resources related to measurements and calculations of the optical constants in the wavelength interval from X-rays to radio domain. ... References to some useful books and reviews on the subject (e.g. the classical handbooks edited by E.D.Palik) and links to Internet collections of optical constants and personal WWW pages with related software were also placed in the database. You have arrived at our welcome page. ...

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• Rayleigh and Rayleigh-Gans-Stevenson approximations
• Rayleigh-Debye-Gans approximation (RDG)
• Database of Optical Properties -- Level: subsubpage

Next: ATCA Spectral Line Correlator Up: Spectral Line Data Reduction Previous: Spectral Line Data Reduction . Because of the Doppler effect, the observed frequency of a spectral line can be related to the radial velocity between the observer and the source. ... where v is the radial velocity, the observed frequency, the rest frequency, and c is the speed of light. ... Next: ATCA Spectral Line Correlator Up: Spectral Line Data Reduction Previous: Spectral Line Data Reduction Miriad manager . ...

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• Numerical simulations on the relative importance of starbursts and AGN in
• Integer Indices are 0-relative
• impos

... Recent Topics . ... MAO main . ... The third-order space-by-time relation . ... Тема: The third-order space-by-time relation . ... The mass m experiences a gravity force toward the sun and . ... will experience the Coriolis force or Coriolis acceleration. ... differentiated space-by-time twice and discovered equation2. ... If one differentiates . ... time differentiation of space-by-time. ... third-order space-by-time relation. ... understand the third-order space-by-time relation. ... MAO NASU . ...

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... Data . ... HST Overview . ... Cycle 24 Announcement . ... There are various sources of uncertainties when performing photometry with NICMOS that could affect the final accuracy of the measurements. In the following, several systematic uncertainties and special cases are mentioned. ... In summary, the accuracy of the absolute spectral energy distribution of NICMOS primary standards introduces a systematic uncertainty of about 2% - 3% in the absolute calibration of the filters. = 2.0 ?m) in NIC3. ...

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• Flat Field Files used for Relative Photometric Monitoring of NICMOS
• NIC2 F160W detector QE relative to the QE at 63 K
• NIC1 F110W detector QE relative to the QE at 63 K

Subject of Celestial Mechanics. ... Differential Absolute Coordinates Equations of the Problem. ... General Integral of Non-Perturbed Motion. ... General Equation of Non-Perturbed Orbit. ... Other Integration Methods of Non-Perturbed Motion Differential Equations; Bine Equation for Case of Non-Perturbed Motion. ... Ellipsical Motion, Kepler Equation. ... Motion Differential Equations in Absolute Coordinates. ... Equation of System of Bodies Motion in Barycentric Coordinates, in Relative Coordinates. ...

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• Stellar Astronomy
• General Astrometry

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• http://zebu.uoregon.edu/1998/ph301/l5.html
• http://zebu.uoregon.edu/2004/es399/hw3.html
• Astronomy Plus CCD Images of Galaxies

... Science User Portal . ... ESO, the European Southern Observatory . ... Travel and Contacts . Travel to ESO Headquarters . ... Survey Telescopes . ... ESO Science Newsletter . ... The UVES measurement values of the relative change of the fine structure constant alpha from the sample of absorption systems, plotted as a function of the redshift and the corresponding look-back time. ... The horizontal long dashed lines show the area of the previous claim of variation of the fine structure constant. ...

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• Relative Changes with Redshift of the Fine Structure Constant | ESO Ireland
• Relative Changes with Redshift of the Fine Structure Constant | ESO United
• Relative Changes with Redshift of the Fine Structure Constant | ESO Australia

. You can define a file or directory by its location in relation to your current directory . The pathname is given as / (slash) separated list of the directories on the route to the file (or directory) from your current directory. A .. (dot dot) is used to represent the directory immediately above the current directory. In all shells except the Bourne shell, the ~ (tilde) character can be used as shorthand for the full pathname to your home directory. Examples . Did You Know? .

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• Examples of using relative pathnames
• UNIXhelp Glossary - "R"

... A document window is shown, with 8 lines (numbered 1 to 8), each 24px high. The text of the "outer" box (at the end of line 1, halfway into line 2, and halfway into line 3) is shifted upward 12px. The text of the "inner" box, thought shifted upward as well, has been relatively positioned so that it lies in its normal flow position at the end of line 2. ... The lines, as they appear in the image, contain: Start 1 Beginning of body contents. 2 of outer contents. Inner contents. ...

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• Dynamic HTML in Communicator
• Long description illustrating absolute positioning with respect to the initial
• RELATED WORK

... Eros Encounter Nears . ... After an unanticipated extra trip around the Sun, the NEAR spacecraft is now politely approaching asteroid 433, Eros, at a respectful relative speed of about 20 miles per hour. ... In the left corner, wearing a red nucleus surrounded by blue spiral arms, is M81. ... Rings Around Beta Pictoris . ... NEAR to Asteroid Eros . ... On December 23, 1998 the Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) spacecraft flew by asteroid 433 Eros. ... Abell 2218: A Galaxy Cluster Lens . ...

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... High redshift radio galaxies . ... Verkhodanov O.V., Kopylov A.I., Zhelenkova O.P., Verkhodanova N.V., Chernenkov V.N., Parijskij Yu.N., Soboleva N.S., Temirova A.V. 2000. ... Verkhodanov O.V., Kopylov A.I., Parijskij Yu.N., Soboleva N.S., Temirova A.V. "Color ages of parent galaxies of high redshift radio sources", in Proc. XV Conf. on "Aktualnye problemy vnegalakticheskoi astronomii" ("Current Problems of Extragalactic Astronomy"), Pushchino, May 25--29, 1998, printed in Pushchino Sci. ...

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... 2000 February 10 . Eros Encounter Nears . Credit: NEAR Project , JHU APL , NASA . Explanation: After an unanticipated extra trip around the Sun, the NEAR spacecraft is now politely approaching asteroid 433 , Eros , at a respectful relative speed of about 20 miles per hour. Still nearly 2,000 miles distant, NEAR will close to within approximately 200 miles by February 14th - Valentine's Day. ... About APOD | ... NASA Technical Rep.: ... A service of: LHEA at NASA / GSFC . ...

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• APOD: 2011 May 6 - Farther Along
• APOD: 2013 August 27 - A Flight through the Hubble Ultra Deep Field
• APOD: 2005 April 13 - A Window to the Once Secret Sky

UFO Forum Message . Forums: . ... Post . ... It Really Is Relative . ... Post Message | ... If you are on the Earth the moon does not rotate around its own axis. ... www.astronomy.net . About Astronomy Net | Advertise on Astronomy Net | ... Unless otherwise specified, web site content Copyright 1994-2016 John Huggins All Rights Reserved . Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

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• Hubble's Law And The Big Bang - an Astronomy Net Bigbang Forum Message
• Distant Galaxy Red Shift Caused By Time Passage Variation. - an Astronomy Net
• The END Of The DARK ENERGY - an Astronomy Net General Forum Message

Federal Communications Commission (ix)(A) For a station authorized pursuant to § 73.215 or Sec. § 73.509, a showing that the root mean square (RMS) of the measured composite antenna pattern (encompassing both the horizontally and vertically polarized radiation components (in relative field)) is at least 85 percent of the RMS of the authorized composite directional antenna pattern (in relative field). ...

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• http://www.naic.edu/~phil/misc/azwindblown.html
• http://www.naic.edu/~phil/hardware/vertex/jonhagen/dc_torque.pdf
• http://www.naic.edu/~phil/pnt/azEncJump14oct03.html

... we show that the comparison between the calculated and observed numbers of the most ``fragile'' (from the point of view of the binary evolution scenario )   galactic binary types (such as X-ray low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXB), cataclysmic variables (CV),   Be-stars   with compact companions, relative number of visible binary radiopulsars   with normal and compact secondary components) impose certain constraints on the feasible initial ... Phenomenological Kick Velocity . ...

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• ADS Abstract Service Results
• The Radiopulsar PSRB1259-63 - a Probe in the Stellar Wind Plasma
• Discussion and conclusions