... One of the most obvious features of the plasma state is the rich variety of wave motions which plasmas can support. ... Some important wave parameters in general are: . ... The way the dispersion relation is calculated depends on the adopted plasma theory , which also determines the available wave modes. ... the more complicated the medium is, the more wave modes it support (we cannot have, e.g., ion plasma waves if ion motion is neglected in the first place, no matter how hot plasma is considered!)...

Next: References Up: No Title Previous: Scientifically discovered God . What does it mean, God being discovered scientifically, or Superintelligence? And what is the future science dealing with an endlessly complicated world? ... But a human lexicon has also so important words as ``to understand'' and ``to believe''. ... And how the scientifically discovered God which has been inevitably reached by the modern simple science correlates with the religious God? ...

Next: Polarization efficiency: size/shape/orientation effects Up: Optical properties of cosmic Previous: The 2175? feature . To model the interstellar polarization one needs to calculate the forward-transmitted radiation for an ensemble of non-spherical aligned dust grains. ... Let non-polarized stellar radiation passes through a dusty cloud with a homogeneous magnetic field. ... The angle between the line of sight and the magnetic field is ( ). ... where the angle is connected with and ( ). ...

The above process keeps the # of protons and the # of neutrons in the early Universe constant. This is extremely important and will result in a testable prediction later. Remember, a free neutron (one that is not bound in an atomic nucleus) will decay into a proton + electron (+ anti-neutrino) in about 900 seconds. ... During this epoch, the proton-to-neutron ratio is 1.0 . ... The Universe consists of protons, neutrons and electrons plus a photon background and a neutrino background. ...

Power spectral analysis (PSA) has proven to be an important tool for high spatial resolution measurements from ground based interferometry. ... While many images from HST are far too complicated for PSA, there are a class of scientific problems for which it is a very effective technique for handling the problems created by the HST point spread function. We have been applying PSA to images of gravitationally lensed QSOs, and other objects with some surprising results. ...

... Field Lines . ... Charged particles--ions and electrons--can be trapped by the Earth's magnetic field. ... A fast rotation (or "gyration") around magnetic field lines, typically thousands of times each second. ... A slow drift around the magnetic axis of the Earth, from the current field line to its neighbor, staying roughly at the same distance from the exis. ... Electrons and ions, of the energies commonly encountered in the magnetosphere, tend to circle around magnetic field lines. ...

SPECTRUM ANALYZER OF MAGNETIC PHENOMENA SAMW . Spectrum analyzer allows onboard computation of electromagnetic waves spectra registered (observed) in the ionosphere and magnetosphere in the ELF/VLF frequency band. ... It consists of magnetic antenna, preamplifier, 16 bit sigma delta AD converter, DSP processor and telemetry interface. ... The channels of lower frequencies are averaged and transmitted with lower repetition rate so the telemetry volume is reduced. ... Dynamic range: 90 dB . ...

. A "radio phoenix" has been discovered using X-ray, radio, and optical data. This system contains the collision of two galaxy clusters located about 1.6 billion light years from Earth. The collision re-energized a regeneration of vast clouds of high-energy particles that primarily radiate at radio frequencies. Understanding how galaxy clusters grow over time, including through collisions, is important for cosmology. X-ray: NASA/CXC/Univ of Hamburg/F. de Gasperin et al; Optical: SDSS; Radio: NRAO/VLA

... SUPER RATIO . ... On this page I will present the most important (on my opinion) idea on Intellegence Life in the Universe . ... On the problem of the Super Ratio in astrophysics" . ... As a matter of fact, this is the main problem of the modern natural science. ... Here I shall try to speak about the most important problem of the modern natural science, the problem which is undoubtedly, of more importance than discovery of Blacks Holes, creation of Grand Unification Theory or Artificial...

... For the past years I have been working on the problem of synthesis of light curves of close binary systems, consisting of a normal star and a compact object (point object with fixed X-ray luminosity). ... Possible existence of a bright spot on the disk's lateral surface is taken into account. ... The last of then will be published in Gordon and Breach Publishers ( Cherepashchuk A.M., Katysheva N.A., Khruzina T.S., Shugarov S.Yu. ... Cherepashchuk A.M., Katysheva N.A., Khruzina T.S., Shugarov S.Yu. ...

Next: Links to Manual Sections Up: Contents Previous: Contents Contents . ... All VLBA stations have two RDBE units for a total of 8 channels with the DDC. ... SCHED knows how to set up the details for most observations at most stations. ... Please see the discussion of the input parameter PRECDATE . ... Please note that all setup files intended to be used for spectral line observations using DOPPLER must have all channels distinguished, in the setup file, by frequency and polarization. ...

... STScI-PRC00-04 AN EXPANDING BUBBLE IN SPACE Astronomers, using the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 on board NASA's Hubble Space Telescope in October and November 1997 and April 1999, imaged the Bubble Nebula (NGC 7635) with unprecedented clarity. ... The remarkably spherical "Bubble" marks the boundary between an intense wind of particles from the star and the more quiescent interior of the nebula. ... To the right of the central star is a ridge of much denser gas. ...

... 314, 2004 F. Ochsenbein, M. Al len, and D. Egret, eds. Efficient data mining in the X-ray sky background John Cunniffe, Evert J.A. Meurs Dunsink Observatory, Castleknock, Dublin 15, Ireland Aaron Golden IT Centre, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland Abstract. Abstract: The calculation of flux upper limits in the sourcefree ("background") regions of photon-limited images is complicated by instrumental and statistical modeling and requires non-trivial computational effort. ... 2004). ...

The radiation belts around the planets are the interrnal regions of planets' magnetospheres where the own magnetic field of a planet keeps the charged particles (protons and electrons) having the great kinetic energy. ... They usually distinguish the Earth's internal and external radiation belts. the internal radiation belt of the Earth has the maximum particles density (mainly protones) over the equator in the height of 22 thousand km. ... Jupiter and Saturn have the powerful radiation belts. ...

... 8, ``Celestial Mechanics'', 2002 Investigation of stability of NEAs orbital resonance motions by numerical methods L. E. Bykova Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia The problem of orbital stability of resonance Near­Earth asteroids (NEAs) is considered. Most of NEAs have multiple close approaches to the inner ma­ jor planets. ... The technique of the investigation of NEAs orbital stability has been devel­ oped by author on the basis of the construction of possible motion domains (R) of asteroids. ...

LIPSKIY-RODIONOVA' LUNAR ANTIPODES AS PRECURSORS OF A REGULAR WAVE PLANETOLOGY G.G.Kochemasov IGEM of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia kochem@igem.ru / Fax: (009)(095)230 21 79 The first observations of the lunar far side allowed to compare it with the near side and draw very important conclusions in the very beginning of planetary studies based on spacecrafts. ... Celestial bodies are dichotomic. ... The concept of celestial bodies includes Sun (a star) as one of them. ...

ON THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SPECTRA OF SOLAR MICROWAVE BURSTS . AND SPECTRA OF PROTON FLUXES NEAR EARTH . ... which is equivalent to the power-law index of the integral energy spectrum of protons registered near the Earth orbit in a range of 10-100 MeV , on the one hand, and parameters of microwave bursts such as a ratio of peak fluxes at two frequencies (e.g., 9 and 15 GHz) and a microwave peak frequency f m as well. ...

... Science . ... Science Users Information > Data Handling and Products > Data Reduction FAQ > Which pipeline data product are the important ones for quick inspection? ... Observing Facilities . ... Observing with ESO Telescopes . ... ESO-MIDAS . ... Data Handling and Products . ... Data Pipelines and Calibrations . ... Science Data Products Forum . ... Science Archive Facility . ... ESO Data . ... ESO Data Access Policy . ... The most important products for a quick evaluation of SINFONI data are: . ...

Next: Major services in a Up: Overview of a Linux Previous: Various parts of an . The Linux kernel consists of several important parts: process management, memory management, hardware device drivers, filesystem drivers, network management, and various other bits and pieces. ... Figure 1.1: Some of the more important parts of the Linux kernel. Probably the most important parts of the kernel (nothing else works without them) are memory management and process management. ...

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