The
L-39 two-seat training jet
plane is intended for flights in regular and complex meteorological conditions at day and night time, as well as for acrobatic flying. As for its design, it is a cantilever all-metal monoplane with a trapezoidal low wing. The tail unit of the airplane consists of trapezoidal keel with an elevator, fixed on the tail of a fuselage. The chassis of the airplane consists of three wheels, including the nose wheel. The main chassis legs are retracted into the wing, and the front leg - in the fuselage nose.
Pressurized cockpits are in the front part of the fuselage. Cockpits are equipped with oxygen supply- and air conditioning systems, thus enabling normal crew operation at high altitudes and allowing to easily withstand the permissible operating G-loads, if pilots wear special harness and use a special equipment. There are ejection seats in the cockpits, enabling to do emergency crew escape. A cockpit canopy is pressure-tight with a single layer glazing, the back-folding parts can be thrown off under abnormal condition by pyrotechnical systems.
Emergency, radio electronic and radio/radar equipment of the airplane ensures airplane piloting at day and night time under complex meteorological conditions.
The
MIG - 25 was designed as an all-weather high altitude supersonic interceptor. The Soviet Air Force needed an interceptor, which was able to fly at least higher and faster, than any other air
plane and its task was to fight with the high speed US airplanes, such as XB-70 "Valkyrie" bomber and SR-71 "Blackbird" reconnaissance airplane. The first prototype of MIG - 25 lifted off in 1964, but till now MIG - 25 remains to be the quickest combat airplane, having set a lot of altitude, speed, and climb-up records. As the MIG - 25 was designed for flights at the 25-km altitude with a speed, which is three times higher, than a speed of a sound, it doesn't have such a high maneuverability, as the most of the lighter fighters MIG - 29, which were created for low-altitude aerial combat. However, legendary MIG - 25 "Foxbat" - is the only one airplane in the world, which will fly you to the boundaries of space, and then you will have the first-eye view, that the Earth is round, and sky is black.
MIG - 29 is one of the advanced combat airplanes in the Russian Air Force. It was designed for gaining the air superiority. MIG- 29 "Fulcrum" aircraft was put into service in 1985. Being one of the most advanced airplanes in the world, it has turbojet engines, possesses an advantageous proportion of mass and power, an excellent aerodynamics and a wonderful view from the cockpit. All these above characteristics make the aircraft maximum effective in an aerial combat. Comparable on size and assigned tasks with the American F-16 and F/A-18 fighters, the MIG - 29 is presently in the service of 23 countries of the world.
MIG - 31 The 4th generation aircraft Mig-31 is an all weather, two seater supersonic (Vmax=3,000 km/h) interceptor with advanced digital avionics.
The most capable Russian air defense interceptor aircraft, the FOXHOUND has a multiple-target engagement capability and was the first Soviet fighter to have a true look-down, shoot-down capability. The N007 Zaslon radar was the first electronically scanned phased array radar to enter service in the world. It could scan 200 km forward and track 10 targets simultanieously. This radar could also track and engage target flying behind and below the aircraft. The Zaslon antenna is of the fixed type, instead of being mechanically directed the radar beam is moved electronically. This allows the full fuselage diameter to be used for the antenna, a considerable advantage since antenna diameter and effective operating range are directly related. Electronic steering of the radar beam is faster than can be performed mechanically, and it is also more accurate. All signal processing is digital.
The airframe was extensively redesigned for supersonice flight at low altitude, with the welded nickel steel content reduced from the Mig-25's 80% to 49%, with 16% titanium, 33% aluminium alloy and 2% composites. The wings of the aircraft are high-mounted and swept-back with square tips and a negative slant.
MIG-31-D aircraft was created within the limits of the program domestic « star wars » for destruction of orbital stations and an artificial satellite of the opponent. In the USA the similar system was developed under program ASAT and included a two-level rocket on carrier(bearer) Makdonnell-Duglas F-15. The fighter, working as the first step, "jumped out" on a dynamic ceiling and started a rocket.
SU-30 - two-seat training-combat airplane was created on the basis of SU-27. It is one of the most sophisticated airplanes among the airplanes of Russian Air Force. Comparable on the size and design with the American F-15 fighter, the SU-30 was designed as a wide action range super-modern interceptor. Its shell is made of high-strength titanium and aluminum alloys. Being one of the most maneuverable airplanes in the world, SU-30 can fly with 9 g acceleration during aerobatic flying. The first SU-30 was put into service in 1987.
The most capable Russian air defense interceptor aircraft, the FOXHOUND has a multiple-target engagement capability and was the first Soviet fighter to have a true look-down, shoot-down capability. The N007 Zaslon radar was the first electronically scanned phased array radar to enter service in the world. It could scan 200 km forward and track 10 targets simultanieously. This radar could also track and engage target flying behind and below the aircraft. The Zaslon antenna is of the fixed type, instead of being mechanically directed the radar beam is moved electronically. This allows the full fuselage diameter to be used for the antenna, a considerable advantage since antenna diameter and effective operating range are directly related. Electronic steering of the radar beam is faster than can be performed mechanically, and it is also more accurate. All signal processing is digital.
The airframe was extensively redesigned for supersonice flight at low altitude, with the welded nickel steel content reduced from the Mig-25's 80% to 49%, with 16% titanium, 33% aluminium alloy and 2% composites. The wings of the aircraft are high-mounted and swept-back with square tips and a negative slant.
