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Arthropoda Selecta 12 (34): 167170

ї ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2003

Notes on Aloninae Dybowski & Grochowski, 1894 emend. Frey, 1967 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae): 1. Translocation of Alona incredibilis Smirnov, 1984 to the genus Nicsmirnovius Chiambeng & Dumont, 1999 Заметки о подсемействе Aloninae Dybowski & Grochowski, 1894 emend. Frey, 1967 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae). 1. Перенос Alona incredibilis Smirnov, 1984 в род Nicsmirnovius Chiambeng & Dumont, 1999 Alexey A. Kotov А. А. Котов
A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 119071, Russia; e-mail: golokot2000@mail.ru Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН, Ленинский проспект 33, Москва 117071, Россия.

KEY WORDS: Cladocera, Anomopoda, Chydoridae, Aloninae, morphology, systematics, Neotropics, South America. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: Cladocera, Anomopoda, Chydoridae, Aloninae, морфология, систематика, неотропическая зона, Южная Америка. ABSTRACT:The examination of the type series of Alona incredibilis Smirnov, 1984 revealed that this species belongs to the genus Nicsmirnovius Chiambeng & Dumont, 1999. РЕЗЮМЕ: Исследование типовой серии Alona incredibilis Smirnov, 1984 выявило, что этот вид принадлежит к роду Nicsmirnovius Chiambeng & Dumont, 1999. camera lucida attached to the optical microscope, optical images obtained using a JVC KY-F55BE digital camera attached to a LEICA DMR microscope.

Results
Nicsmirnovius incredibilis (Smirnov, 1984) Figs. 116.
Alona incredibilis Smirnov, 1984: 155156, figs. 16. Type locality: The Rio Negro right of Ilha Tamaquarй, Brazil. Holotype: adult parthenogenetic female, 475 чm, on slide MGU 3181 in the collection of slides of Prof. N. N. Smirnov, deposited at the Invertebrate collection of Zoological Museum of Moscow State University. Label of the slide: Alona incredibilis HOLOTYPE, , 1959.9.24, Rio Negro, Ilha Tamaquarй, 3181. There are 4 females on this slide, the holotype marked by number 2. Paratypes: three parthrenogenetic females on the same slide MGU 3181, marked by numbers 1, 3, 4.

Introduction
The Subfamily Aloninae Dybowski & Grochowski, 1894 emend. Frey, 1967 (Cladocera: Anomopoda) is a group of cladocerans now under intensive study. Although much work remains for systematists in large genera within this subfamily, some smaller genera are already re-evaluated according to a new standard of morphological investigation [Smirnov, 1998; Dumont & Silva-Briano, 2000; Kotov, 2000a, b]. Representatives of the newly separated genus Nicsmirnovius Chiambeng & Dumont, 1999 were reported in a series of publications [Chiambeng & Dumont, 1999; Van Damme et al., 2003; Kotov & Sanoamuang, 2004]. My examination of type material of Alona incredibilis Smirnov, 1984 revealed that this species also belongs to the genus Nicsmirnovius.

Material and methods
The only type series of this species, four females on a slide, were studied. Drawings were prepared using a

PARTIAL REDESCRIPTION OF PARTHENOGENETIC FEMALE: This redescription is based exclusively on specimens from the type slide. It was not possible to dissect animals for accurate study of their appendages. Body high (body height/length = 0.680.73), with dorsal margin regularly arched from rostrum to postero-dorsal region, postero-dorsal angle completely smooth, postero-ventral region as a widely rounded right angle, ventral margin regularly convex (Figs. 1, 11). No reticulation on head and valves. Head with blunt rostrum (Fig. 12), eye small, ocellus smaller than eye; three interconnected major head pores, lateral head pores located anteriorly to anteriormost major pore, apparently 8-shaped. In reality, these are simple pores,
Printed in 2004.


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Figs. 110. Nicsmimovius incredibilis, parthenogenetic females, holotype (13, 57, 9) and paratype (4, 8, 10) from the Rio Negro right of Ilha Tamaquarй, Brazil: 12 adult and system of its dorsal head pores in lateral view; 34 labral keel; 5 posterior valve margin; 6 postabdomen; 7 antenna I; 89 distal portion of limb I and hook-like seta of IDL; 10 distal setae of exopodite IV. Scales: 100 чm. Рис. 110. Nicsmimovius incredibilis, партеногенетическая самка, голотип (13, 57, 9) и паратип (4, 8, 10) из Рио Негро правее острова Тамакуаре, Бразилия: 12 взрослая самка и система ее головных пор; 34 лабральный киль; 5 задний край створки; 6 постабдомен; 7 антенна I; 89 дистальная часть ноги I крючковидная щетинка ее внутренней дистальной доли; 10 дистальные щетики экзоподита IV. Масштаб: 100 чm.

with underlying 8-shaped internal structures [Kotov & Sanoamuang, 2003]. The shape of these cavities varies significantly in N. incredibilis, for example, on the left side of the holotype body, the posterior compartment of the 8 was larger than the anterior compartment, conversely on the right side (Fig. 2,

arrows). Labrum with wide, rounded keel (Figs. 34). Setae of valve indiscernible in anterior portion of ventral margin, in postero-ventral portion these setae are submarginal, short, with series of small setules between them. A row of setules on the inner face of valve at some distance from posterior margin.


Nicsmirnovius incredibilis (Smirnov)

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Figs. 1116. Nicsmimovius 1113 adult, its head and Рис. 1116. Nicsmimovius 1113 взрослая самка, ее

incredibilis, parthenogenetic females, holotype (1115) and paratype (16) from the Rio Negro, Brazil: limb I; 1416 postabdomen. Scales: 100 чm. incredibilis, партеногенетическая самка, голотип (1115) и паратип (16) из Рио Негро, Бразилия: голова и нога I; 1416 постабдомен. Масштаб: 100 чm.

Postabdomen of characteristic shape: distally to anus, it firstly widens to middle of postanal margin, but then narrowing to dorso-distal angle, therefore, there are two distal angles: a true dorso-distal angle, and a breaking point of postanal margin (Figs. 6, 1416). No projecting basis for claws distally. Marginal clusters of postanal denticles in basal half of postanal margin turned into clusters of rather long setules in its distal half, distalmost setule in each cluster particularly robust. On sides of postabdomen, lateral series of fine, numer-

ous setules. Postabdominal claw massive, short (shorter than anal margin), with a short basal spine (about 1/3 of claw length), implanted at some distance from claw base, and 23 setules at it base. Antenna I robust (width/length = about 2.5), aesthetascs, unfortunately, poorly preserved, but one of them can be seen to be larger and located distally on an obvious projection. There was a second large aesthetasc, located basally to the rest (as in other species of the genus Nicsmirnovius), but only its joint point was preserved in all


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Alexey A. Kotov Van Damme et al. [2003] demonstrated that there are four species (one of them with two subspecies) of the genus Nicsmirnovius Chiambeng & Dumont, 1999 in the world, including transamericanN. fitzpatricki (Chien, 1970). Nicsmirnovius incredibilis (Smirnov, 1984) is a fifth member of the genus, and it is not a junior synonym of American N. fitzpatricki.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: I am very grateful to Prof. N. N. Smirnov for help at different phases of all my investigations, to Dr K. G. Mikhailov for logistic help during my work at Zoological Museum of Moscow State University, to Dr K. Van Damme for valuable comments and a chance to see draft of unpublished manuscript with the Nicsmirnovius revision, to Dr B. Khasanov for help with digital camera. The study is partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant # 03-04-48879).

specimens (Fig. 7, arrow). Antenna II small, poorly discernible, swimming setae 0-0-3/0-1-3, spines 1-0-1/0-0-1. Limb I bears ODL with a single, long, naked seta; IDL with basal cluster of fine setules, distal bunch of long, stout setules, two bisegmented setae of unequal size and setulated distally, and a smaller, hook-like seta (Figs. 89, 13); two soft setae on endite 2 are extremely long. Portion of gnathobase II bordering endopodite strongly prominent. Two distalmost setae of exopodite IV with blunt, spoon-like apices, but armature of their tips indiscernible. All limbs with long, finger-like projections on epipodites. MALE, EPHIPPIAL FEMALE: unknown. SIZE: parthenogenetic females, type series 293475 чm (n = 4). DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS:N. incredibilis is different from all other known species of this genus in the characteristic shape and armature of postabdomen distal portion, i.e. two distal angles, absence of basis for postabdominal claws, presence of clusters of rather long setules at postanal margin instead of marginal denticles. Also, this is a unique species having ODL seta longer that largest IDL seta. DISTRIBUTION:Now it is clear that there are at least two species of this genus in South America: N. fitzpatricki Chien Shing-ming, 1970 and N. incredibilis (Smirnov, 1984). After descriptions from U.S.A. [Chien Shing-ming, 1970; Frey, 1974], Paggi [1979] found N. fitzpatricki (as Alona eximia) in Argentina; the latter apparently is a widely distributed transamerican species. Range of distribution of N. incredibilis is unknown at present. I can confirm presence of the latter only in the type locality. All other Neotropical records (i.e. listed by Frey [1982]) must be checked by a study of original samples from these localities.

References
Chien Shing-ming 1970. Allonella fitzpatricki sp. n. and A. leei sp. n.: new Cladocera from Mississippi // Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. Vol.89. No.4. P.532538. Chiambeng G.Y., Dumont H.J. 1999. New semi-terrestrial chydorids from the tropical rainforest of southwest Cameroon (Africa): Nicsmimovius camerounensis n.gen. n.sp. and Bryospilus africanus n.sp. (Crustacea: Anomopoda) // Hydrobiologia. Vol.391. P.259270. Dumont H.J., Silva-Briano M. 2000. Karualona n. gen. (Anomopoda: Chydoridae), with a description of two new species, and a key to all known species // Hydrobiologia. Vol.435. P.61 82. Frey D.G. 1974. Reassigment of Alonella fitzpatricki and A. leei Chien, 1970 (Cladocera, Chydoridae) // Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. Vol.93. No.2. P.162170. Frey D.G. 1982. Cladocera // Hurlbert S.H. & VillalobosFigueroa A. (eds). Aquatic biota of Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. San Diego: San Diego State University. P.177186. Kotov A.A. 2000a. Analysis of Kozhowia Vasiljeva & Smirnov, 1969 (Chydoridae, Anomopoda, Branchiopoda), and a description of Parakozhowia n. gen.// Hydrobiologia. Vol. 437. P.1756. Kotov A.A. 2000b. Redescription and assignment of the chydorid Indialona ganapati Petkovski, 1966 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Aloninae) to Indialonini, new tribus // Hydrobiologia. Vol.439. P.161178. Kotov A.A., Sanoamuang L. 2004. Comments on the morphology of Nicsmirnovius eximius (Kiser, 1948) (Aloninae, Anomopoda, Cladocera) in Thailand, with a description of its male // Hydrobiologia (in press) Paggi J.C. 1979. Aportes al Conocimiento de la fauna Argentina de Cladoceros. II. Sobre Alona eximia Kiser, 1948 // Neotropica. Vol.25. No.74. P.177185. Smirnov N.N. 1984. Some comments on tropical littoral Cladocera, with a description of Alona incredibilis sp. nov. // Hydrobiologia. Vol.113. P.155158. Smirnov N.N. 1998. A revision of the genus Camptocercus (Anomopoda, Chydoridae, Aloninae) // Hydrobiologia. Vol.386. P.6383. Van Damme K., Chiambeng G., Maiphae S. & Dumont H.J. 2003. New species in the rheophilous genus Nicsmirnovius Chiambeng & Dumont, 1999 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) and reassignment of Alona eximia Kiser, 1948 and Alonella fitzpatricki Chien, 1970 // Hydrobiologia. Vol.499. P.2549.

Discussion
Smirnov [1984] said nothing of the relationship of this species to A. eximia and A. fitzpatricki, members of the future genus Nicsmirnovius, because these species were studied inadequately at that time. Van Damme et al. [2003] listed in their differential diagnosis of the genus Nicsmirnovius the following characteristic traits (these are given below in my terminology instead of the original authors names for describing structures): (1) three interconnected major head pores, and two lateral pores within 8-shaped cavities; (2) labrum with relatively large labral keel and depression near apex (the latter seems to be somewhat dubious to be placed with characters of generic rank); (3) antenna I with a long aesthetasc on a special distal projection, and extra subapical aesthetasc implanted next to sensory seta; (4) antennal formula, setae 0-0-3/0-1-3; (5) IDL I with a chitinized hook-like seta; (6) portion of gnathobase II bordering endopodite strongly prominent; (7) two setae of exopodite IV with blunt spoon-like apex and apical aggregation of setules curved over them; (8) broad axe-like or 5-shaped postabdomen with postabdominal claw bearing a long basal spine, implanted at some distance from the claw base. All these traits are characteristic of Alona incredibilis also, and are the basis for relocating this species to the genus Nicsmirnovius. No apical aggregations of setules on exopodite IV were found (not seen in the slide).