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Russian Entomol. J. 14(2): 119123

ї RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2005

Studies on European species of the genus Phytoliriomyza Hendel (Diptera: Agromyzidae) Изучение европейских видов рода Phytoliriomyza Hendel (Diptera: Agromyzidae) V.V. Zlobin В.В. Злобин
Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St.Petersburg 199034, Russia Зоологический институт РАН, Университетская наб. 1, С.-Петербург 199034, Россия

KEY WORDS. Diptera, Agromyzidae, Phytoliriomyza, Europe, new species, synonymy. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА. Diptera, Agromyzidae, Phytoliriomyza, Европа, новый вид, синонимия.
Hendel, 19311936: 249; Spencer, 1965: 28. Holotype in the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna. Phytoliriomyza bornholmensis Spencer, 1976, syn.n. Spencer, 1976: 294. Holotype in the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen. Phytoliriomyza islandica Olafsson, 1988, syn.n. Olafsson, 1988: 359361. Holotype in the Icelandic Museum of Natural History, Reykjavik.

ABSTRACT. Description of Phytoliriomyza papei sp.n. from Sweden is given. Two new synonyms are established. Key for identification of European Phytoliriomyza species is provided. РЕЗЮМЕ. Дано описание нового вида Phytoliriomyza papei sp.n. из Швеции. Два видовых названия сведены в синонимы. Составлена определительная таблица для европейских видов рода Phytoliriomyza. The genus Phytoliriomyza has been erected as a subgenus by Hendel [19311936] for a single Liriomyza species having entirely proclinate hairs. Frey [1941] raised Phytoliriomyza to full generic rank. Among Agromyzidae Phytoliriomyza is a moderately large genus with 111 World species. Only 17 Phytoliriomyza species have been recorded from Palaearctic region. In the collection of the Zoological Institute (St.Petersburg) there are some species from Palaearctic region which should be described as new to science in the future. Present paper deals with some results of re-examination of Scandinavian Agromyzidae conducted under the Swedish-Russian project on Northern European Diptera. Phytoliriomyza dorsata (Siebke, 1864) Figs 19.
Agromyza dorsata Siebke, 1864 Siebke, 1864: 169. Holotype in the Zoologisk Museum, Oslo. Lemurimyza dorsata (Siebke, 1864) Spencer, 1965: 28; 1969: 18, 20, 22, 163, 194, 195; 1971: 163; 1972: 50, 59, 61. Phytoliriomyza dorsata (Siebke, 1864) Spencer, 1976: 223, 225, 291, 292, 294; 1981: 322, 323; Hackman, 1980: 149; Papp, 1984: 306; Spencer & Steyskal, 1986: 153, 303; Zlobin, 1986: 52; Pakalnikis, 1988: 93; Elberg & Zlobin, 1992: 60; Tschirnhaus, 1992: 471, 475, 481; 1999: 125; Iwasaki, 2000: 142, 147; Pakalnikis et al., 2000: 40. Agromyza reverberata Malloch, 1924 Malloch, 1924: 191. Holotype lost, paratype in the Canadian National Collection, Ottawa. Liriomyza reverberata (Malloch, 1924) Frick, 1959: 409; Spencer, 1969: 194. Liriomyza striata Hendel, 1931

DISTRIBUTION. England, Iceland, Ireland, France, Austria, Germany, Poland, Spain, Roumania, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Estonia, Lithuania, Russia (Northwest European Russia, Central European part, East Siberia, Far East), Canada, USA. HOST AND EARLY STAGES. Unknown. In his Monograph on the Palaearctic Agromyzidae Hendel [19311936] erroneously interpreted Agromyza dorsata Siebke and incorrectly synonymised this species with Phytoliriomyza perpusilla (Meigen). Later this mistake led to numerous confusion in the literature. Ryden [1955] stated that dorsata was identical with halterata (Becker). Spencer [1965] has been able to examine the holotype of dorsata and established that the species is identical with striata which has been described by Hendel as Liriomyza species. In Canada and USA this species has been recorded under name Agromyza reverberata Malloch, 1924. Frick [1952, 1959] transferred it to the genus Liriomyza. Spencer [1969] synonymised reverbetrata with dorsata. The Swedish entomologists during several years monitored the changes of the insect fauna in the relict forest in the vicinity of Stockholm after strong fire. I studied about 800 agromyzid specimens collected by Malaise traps from this locality. Phytoliriomyza dorsata significantly dominated among other species. The studies on individual variation of this species led me to conclusion that the check-list of synonymy should be expanded. Spencer [1976] in his famous Monograph on the Fennoscandian Agromyzidae described Phytoliriomyza bornholmensis after a single male from Bornholm Island. Spencer mentioned that the new species closely resembles dorsata but he believed that the paler third antennal segment and differing shape of aedeagus are sufficiently distinctive to justify treating it as distinct. Later Olafsson [1988] after one male and two females described Phytoliriomyza islandica from Iceland which is closely resembles Holarctic Ph. dorsata, Palaearctic Ph. bornholmensis and Nearctic Ph. pacifica (Melander). Both Spencer [1976] and


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Figs 19. Phytoliriomyza spp 7 P. dorsata (Siebke), 89 epandrium (3 ventral view, 4 Рис. 19. Phytoliriomyza spp 7 P. dorsata (Siebke), 89 эпандрий (3 вид снизу, 4

(after Olafsson and Spencer), : 1 P. bornholmensis Spencer, 25 P. islandica Olafsson, 6 P. pacifica (Melander). 1, 56, 8 aedeagus, ventral view, 2 mesonotum, dorsal view; 34 lateral view); 7, 9 epandrium and surstyli, ventral view. (по Олафссону и Спенсеру), : 1 P. bornholmensis Spencer, 25 P. islandica Olafsson, 6 P. pacifica (Melander). 1, 56, 8 эдеагус, вид снизу; 2 среднеспинка, вид сверху; 34 вид сбоку); 7, 9 эпандрий и сурстили, вид снизу.


Studies on European species of the genus Phytoliriomyza
Olafsson [1988] pointed out that the number and arrangement of strong bristles on inner margin of epandrium in dorsata and islandica might be a subject of significant individual variation. Olafsson illustrated some details in the structure of male terminalia which he considered of specific importance for species mentioned above (Figs 1, 39). In all these species the epandrium bearing a characteristic black area of sclerotization forming a comb of finger-like projections. These projections are external protuberances of epandrial wall and therefore cannot be a subject of homology with another chaetotaxy of epandrial complex. But Spencer incorrectly interpreted them as bristles. Inner margin of epandrium just below cerci usually bearing 12 stout spines near middle of inner margin and another smaller spines placed below. Surstylus usually with 12 strong spines externally similar to epandrial projections but represent true spines. After detailed examination of 20 male specimens collected by Dr. Bert Viklund (Sweden, SO, Tyresta NR, Brandfalt fran 1997 vid Avavagen Malaise-falla, Sodra, 28.0515.07.1997) I established significant variability of the characters mentioned above. Number of spines situated just below cerci varying from 2 to 0. Number of smaller spines along inner margin of epandrium varying from 4 to10. Epandrial comb consists of 410 finger-like projections. Surstyli usually with 12 spines, sometimes they replaced by some bristle-like setulae. The number of spines and projections frequently is variable on the two sides in the same specimen. The shape of distiphallus may be variable as well. Distal tubules usually parallel, but frequently converging or diverging distally. In my opinion the small differences between aedeagi figured by Spencer and Olafsson caused by small deviation of illustrated dissections from horizontal plane. Spencer and Olafsson gave a special importance to colour differences as diagnostic features. The colour of the third antennal segment may be pale brown to deep black. Mesonotum with dark area divided into bands, frequently only just detectably so or solidly mat grey, always with large rectangular yellow spot adjoining scutellum. No congruent relations between characters mentioned above are established. This individual variability of characters mentioned above is much wider than hyatus between dorsata, bornholmensis and islandica. Therefore two latter species are synonymised with dorsata herewith.

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Phytoliriomyza papei sp.n. Figs. 1016.
MATERIAL. Holotype, , Sweden: Цland, Gцsslunda, RN 04G2J2-O, Potentilla fruticosa L., 07.06.1978 (leg. P.I. Persson). Paratypes, 1 , 1 , Sweden: Цland, Mцckelmossen, RN O4GJ24, Sedum album Tortella Ass., 23.08.1977 (leg. P.I.Persson); 1 , same data, Potentilla fruticosa L.; 2 , 3 , Цland, Mцrbylilla, RN 03G8H-1, Potentilla fruticosa L., 24.08.1977; 1 , Цland, NE Kalkstad, RN 04G5IL-4, 05.06.1978; 2 , 2 , Цland, Drцstorp, RN 04G4J3-1, Potentilla fruticosa L., 06.07.1978; 1 , 1 , Цland, Mцrbylilla, RN 03G8H1-3, 08-10.06.1978 (all leg. P.I.Persson). Types specimens are deposited in the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet (Stockholm); 4 paratypes in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg).

DESCRIPTION. MALE. Frons parallel-sided or as long as wide, slightly converging ventrally, 1.11.2 times width of eye, linearly projecting above eye in profile. Frontal plate small, equilateral, ill differentiated. Ocellar bristles extending to upper margin of lunule. Frontal vitta moderately broad, about half width of frons. Orbits moderately broad. Lunule deep sunken, low. 2 strong reclinate ors, the upper longer. 1 strong incurved ori, distance between ors twice longer than distance between lower ors and ori. Orbital hairs upright or

partly reclinate, very short, in a row, sparse. Antennal bases approximated. Third antennal segment moderately large, rounded, slightly longer than broad, covered with dense short pubescence. Arista normal, distinctly swollen at base, densely pubescent. Eye oval, upright or slightly slanting, bare. Face low, keel widening below. Mouth margin broadly rounded. Epistoma absent. Cheeks forming narrow ring below eye. Jowls deepest at rear, 0.25 height of eye, peristomal margin straight, bearing 34 setulae. vi well developed. Palps short, normal. 3+1 strong dc, gradually decreasing in size towards, fourth dc about twice shorter than first one. acr in 4 irregular rows, extending to midway between fist and second dc. prsc absent. Interalar setulae sparse, in 2 irregular rows, ia absent. ipa twice shorter than opa. Mesopleura with a few short upcurved setulae along upper margin. 4 equal scutellar bristles. Notopleura with 2 equal bristles. Fore- and mid-tibiae without strong bristles. Costa strongly extending to vein M1+2. Costal sections mg2: mg3: mg4 in ratio 1: 0.22: 0.23. Radial and medial veins of subequal thickness. Distance between ta and tp about as long as length of tp. ta at mid-point of discal cell. tp perpendicular to vein M1+2. Last section of vein M3+4 1.562 times longer than penultimate. Wing length 2.42.5 mm. Head largely bright yellow. Ocellar triangle black. Hind margin of eye partly darkened, both vt on yellow ground. Antennae bright yellow, arista dark. Humeral callus largely yellow, with small blackish spot before base of h. Notopleura entirely bright yellow. Mesonotum with dark area divided into bands, black, moderately shining, broadly yellow adjoining scutellum. Scutellum entirely yellow. Mesopleura with brown triangular spot at front lower corner and very small patch at hind lower corner. Sterno- and hypopleura largely black, broadly yellow above, divided by yellow. Coxae largely yellow, slightly brownish basally. All femora largely yellow, brownish basally, frequently with brownish striations. Tibiae and tarsi light brownish. Abdominal tergites indistinctly yellowish bordered, weakly shining. Wings hyaline, veins dark. Halter entirely yellow. Squamae yellow, margin and fringe blackish. Pallapodeme long, forked basally. Epandrium near cerci with a acute spine-like projection, bearing a pair of approximated spines and a pair of widely spaced spines. Surstylus unusually large, triangular, separated from epandrium by suture; inner margin with a row of 45 bristles, ventral margin with 3 small corn-shaped protuberances. Bacilliform sclerites fused each other, hind projections short, bearing a pair of long bristles. Phallophore moderately long, with deep incision below. Basiphallus deeply extended ventrally. Hypophallus present. Near base of mesophallus there are pair of plate-like sclerites directed ventrally. Mesophallus fused with distiphallus. Distiphallus consists of a pair of moderately long tubules slightly diverging apically; medial part of tubules membranous. Hypandrium V-shaped, with slender sidearms; each pregonite with long projection. Ejaculatory apodeme long, narrow, pump entirely membranous. FEMALE. Closely resembles male. Abdominal tergites uniformly dark brown, sometimes 45 tergites yellow laterally. Ovipositor sheath black, shining. Wing length 2.8 mm. HOST PLANT and LARVA unknown. DISTRIBUTION. Sweden. DIAGNOSIS. The structure of male genitalia clearly indicates that the new species belongs to mikii-group. The shape of aedeagus, especially unusually large triangular surstylus very similar to those of Phytoliriomyza triangulata Boucher and Wheeler recently described from Northern Canada [Boucher & Wheeler, 2001]. The Nearctic species can be distinguished from Ph. papei sp.n. by the broader frons (1.6


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Figs 1016. Phytoliriomyza papei sp.n., : 10 head; 11 wing; 12 ejaculatory apodeme; 1314 aedeagus (13 lateral view, 14 ventral view); 15 epandrium and surstyli, ventral view; 16 surstyli, lateral view. Рис. 1016. Phytoliriomyza papei sp.n., : 10 голова; 11 крыло; 12 аподема эякулятора; 1314 эдеагус (13 вид сбоку, 14 вид снизу); 15 эпандрий и сурстили, вид снизу; 16 сурстили, вид сбоку.

2.1 width of eye), yellowish brown squamal margin and fringe, and largely black mesopleura. ETYMOLOGY. The species name is a patronym in honour of famous dipterist Dr. Thomas Pape, in recognition of his support for the study of North European dipteran biodiversity through the Swedish Institute.

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Antennae entirely black. Legs entirely black ................. ............................................................... alpicola Hendel At least first and second antennal segments yellow. At least knees distinctly yellow ......................................... 2 Last section of vein M3+4 about as long as penultimate ... 3 Last section of vein M3+4 1.52.5 times longer than penultimate ............................................................................. 4 Dark area of mesonotum solid, mat black. Scutellum largely yellow...ornata (Meigen) Mesonotum broadly yellow centrally adjoining scutellum. Scutellum largely black, narrowly yellow at apex . ............................................................ melampyga (Lw.) Femora black with all knees yellow. acr in 4 irregular rows ................................................. variegata (Meigen)

Femora largely yellow, at most with variable dark striations. acr in 2 rows ....................................................... 5 5 Third antennal segment with conspicuously long pubescence ....................................................... scotica Spencer Third antennal segment with slight normal pubescence .. 6 6 Third antennal segment black ....................................... 7 Third antennal segment largely yellow, sometimes brownish on outside .............................................................. 10 7 Scutellum broadly bright yellow centrally ................... 8 Scutellum predominantly black, at most narrowly yellowish centrally ................................................................... 9 8 Palps bright yellow. Mesonotum broadly yellow adjoining scutellum ........................................ dorsata (Siebke) Palps dark, brownish black. Mesonotum narrowly yellowish centrally adjoining scutellum or entirely dark ... .......................................................... pectoralis (Becker) 9 Mesonotum uniformly mat black or narrowly yellowish centrally adjoining scutellum. Wing length 2 mm ......... .................................................................. ..miki (Strobl) Dark area of mesonotum divided into bands, broadly yellow adjoining scutellum. Wing length 1.4 mm ......... ........................................................... venustula Spencer 10 Orbital setulae proclinate ............................................ 11


Studies on European species of the genus Phytoliriomyza
Orbital setulae upright or partially reclinate .............. 13 11 Last section of vein M3+4 little more than 1.5 times length of penultimate .................................. arctica (Lundbeck) Last section of vein M3+4 at least 2 times length of penultimate ........................................................................... 12 12 tp conspicuously oblique. Palps darkened apically ....... ........................................................ perpusilla (Meigen) tp at rightangles to vein M3+4. Palps entirely yellow ...... .................................................................. oasis (Becker) 13 Mesonotum uniformly dark, grey or black ................. 14 Mesonotum yellow centrally adjoining scutellum ..... 15 14 2+1 dc .................................................. mesnili dAguilar 3+1 dc ............................................................ papei sp.n. 15 Distiphallus consists of long, hyaline, curving, S-shaped paired tubules, with 2 small processes ........................... ...................................................... hilarella (Zetterstedt) Aedeagus ending in broad strongly sclerotized tubule (mesophallus), divided into 2 large paired processes distally (distiphallus) ................................. pteridii Spencer ACKNOWLEGMENTS. The work was fulfilled using Scientific Collections of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, which obtained financial support from the Russian Basic Research Foundation (No 0204 48588), from the Ministry of Industry, Science and Technology of the Russian Federation (НШ1667.2003.4) and the Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences Animals inventory making from the Russia (Nos 10002 251/П12/151174/140503104). Other funding to the project was provided by the Swedish Institute. I am grateful to the following for the loan of insects for study and different kind of help: Dr. Thomas Pape (Copenhagen), Dr. Bert Viklund (Stockholm) and Dr. Roy Danielsson (Lund).

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Rererences
Boucher S. & Wheeler T.A. 2001. Diversity of Agromyzidae (Diptera) in disjunct grasslands of the southern Yukon Territory // The Canadian Entomologist. Vol.133. P.593621. Elberg K. & Zlobin V.V. 1992. On the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Estonia // Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Biol. Vol.42. P.4965. Frey R. 1941. Diptera. Brachycera (excl. Muscidae, Tachinidae) // Enum. Insect. Fenn. Suec. Vol.6. P.163. Frick K.E. 1952. A new generic revision of the family Agromyzidae (Diptera) with a catalogue of New World species // Univ. Calif. Publ. ent. Vol.8. P.339452. Frick K.E. 1959. Synopsis of the species of Agromyzid leaf-miners North America (Diptera) // Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol.108. P.347465.

Hackman W. 1980. A check list of the Finnish Diptera. II. Cyclorrhapha. 1980 // Notul. ent. Vol.60. P.117162. Hendel F. 19311936. 59. Agromyzidae // Lindner E. (ed.). Fliegen palдark. Reg. T.6. P.1570. Iwasaki A. 2000. Agromyzidae (Insecta: Diptera) of Kuril Islands // Nat. Hist. Res., Special Issue No.7. P.141162. Malloch J.R. 1924. Three new species of Agromyza and synonymical notes // Can. Ent. Vol.56. P.191192. Olafsson, E. 1988. A new agromyzid from Iceland: Phytoliriomyza islandica sp.n. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) // Entomol. Scand. Vol.19. No.3. P.359361. Pakalnikis S. 1988. 30 new to the USSR and 40 new to the Lithuanian SSR Agromyzidae (Dipt.) species, found in 19821987 // New and Rare for the Lithuanian SSR Species Insects. Records and Descriptions of 1987. Vilnius. P.8897 [in Russian]. Pakalnikis S., Rimsaite J., Sprangauskaite-Bernatiene R., Butautaite R., Podenas S. 2000. Checklist of Lithuanian Diptera // Acta Zool. Lituanica, Vol.10. Pt.1. P.358. Papp L. 1984. Family Agromyzidae // Soos A. & Papp L. (eds.). Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Budapest. Vol.9. P.263 343. Siebke H. 1864. Beretning om en I Sommeren 1861 foretagen entomologisk Reise // Nyt. Mag. Naturvid. Bd.12. S.169. Rydйn, N. 1955. Norska agromyzider // Norsk ent. Tidskr. Vol.9. P.230234. Spencer K.A. 1965. Diptera from Nepal. Agromyzidae // Bull. Brit. Mus. nat. Hist. Lond., Ent. Vol.16. P.2531. Spencer K.A. 1969. The Agromyzidae of Canada and Alaska // Mem. ent. Soc. Canada Vol.64. P.1311. Spencer K.A. 1971. Notes on a Revision of the British Agromyzidae (Diptera), including the description of 14 new species // Entomologists Gazette Vol.22. No.3. P.141195. Spencer K.A.1972. Diptera. Agromyzidae // Handb. Ident. Brit. Insects Vol.10. No.5. P.1136. Spencer K.A. 1976. The Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark // Fauna ent. scand. Vol.5. No.12. P.1606. Spencer K.A. 1981. A Revisionary Study of the Leaf-mining Flies (Agromyzidae) of California // Univ. Calif. Div. Agric. Sciences. Spec. Publ. No.3273. P.1489. Spencer K.A. & Steyskal G.C. 1986. Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States // U.S. Dep. Agric. Agriculture Handb. No.638. P.1478. Tschirnhaus von M. 1992. Minier- und Halmfliegen (Agromyzidae, Chloropidae) und 52 weitere Familien (Diptera) aus Malaise-Fallen in Kiesgruben und einem Vorstadtgarten in Kцln // Dechiana, Beihefte. Bonn. Bd.31. S.445497. Tschirnhaus von M. 1999. Agromyzidae // Schumann H., Bдhrmann R. & Stark, A. (eds.). Checkliste der Dipteren Deutschlands / Studia Dipterologica. Suppl.2. P.119130. Zlobin V.V. 1986. To the fauna of mining flies (Agromyzidae, Diptera) of the Zeya State Nature Reserve // Proc. Zool. Inst. Leningrad. Vol.146. P.5153 [in Russian].