MAIN GOALS AND TASKS

Station «Mirnoe»

Entomological collection of the material

Station was organized under initiative of Academician of Russian Academy of Agriculture Sciences Eugeni E. Syroechkovsky in 1969 on a territory of uninhabited to that time village Mirnoe of Turukhansky region of Krasnoyarsk Territory. Since 1980 Station belongs to Institute of Ecology & Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences. Station is situated in a middle stream of Yenisey River. Dark coniferous forests of middle taiga surround it. Forests consist of Siberian cedar, fir, pine and larch. In the Yenisey River valley complex of dark coniferous forest, willow communities and some tipes of meadows is presented. Station is distributed within the bounds of “Biosphere Polygon” of Central Siberia Biosphere Reserve.

Organizers of the Station set a task to investigate zonal features of Central Siberia nature within Yenisey Meridianal Transect. Therefore, except of main task of Station investigations – taiga ecosystems, it is also a basement for the wide explorations and generalizations refer to not only taiga territories, but tundra and arctic landscapes up to the Taimyr at the north and steppe and semi-desert territories in the South of Yenisey Siberia (Khakasia and Tyva Republic). It is possible to emphasize the following directions of scientific activity on the Station.

1. Investigations of biodiversity on Yenisey Meridianal Transect. Complex long-term monitoring. Principal investigations are conducted in floristic and faunistic aspects and in biogeography. Special attention is paid on the investigation of phenomena of Yenisey biogeographic border, which is the most important meridianal biogeographic border in Palearctic. Individual attention is paid on investigations of rare species of animals and birds migrations within Central Palearctic migrational region. Development of the methodic of long-term complex monitoring of disturbed ecosystems is one of mane theoretical directions of soil-botanical investigations. The aim of these monitoring investigations is estimation of terms, possibilities and perspectives of revival of disturbed ecosystem as integral nature systems.

2. Scientific foundations of traditional resource management of tundra and taiga. Investigations were evolved in the field of general and particular problems and practical questions of taiga resource management of Yenisey North. Scientific foundation of general taiga resource management is the complex concept of biogeoeconomic (Syroechkovski at all, 1982), in which organically combine biological, economical, geographic and economic aspects. Among the main particular problems of taiga resource management developed on the base of Yenisei ecological Station are investigations of ecology, rational use and protection of key game species of taiga animals: sable, bear, reindeer and wood-grouse.

3. Ecosystem protection and foundations of nature reserve management. It is obvious, that the field work in the expeditions is not enough for the in-depth study of ecosystems and development of the scientific foundations of their protection. Long-term stationary investigations on a base of the nature reserves and biological stations are necessary for it. Thus the idea of Yenisey meridianal system of nature protected territories was formed. During the last decades this idea was realized step by step. It was only one Nature Reserve “Stolby” on Yenisey in 1956, to the beginning of 2000 representative system of 10 nature reserves, 2 biological stations and a number of state game reserves was developed. It shows zonal nature and biological diversity of region from arctic deserts at the North to the dry steppes and semi-deserts at the South.

4. Population-ecological investigations. This is one of the most traditional direction for the biological stations. During the whole time of Mirnoe functioning ornithological work is conduct here: investigations of birds population landscape structure, investigations of special and temporal dynamics of birds population in Yenisey flood-plane, investigations of annual population dynamics, feeding behavior and eco-morphology of similar bird species, birds population structure and dynamics monitoring. The second object of this direction is population of small mammals. The four-year cycle of population dynamics was determined as a result of long-term observations. The mane factor, which determine so accurate dynamics of Micromammalia population in the conditions of Yenisey Central Siberia is the stable and deep snow cower, which protect mammals from the influence of negative nature factors.

5. Ethno-ecological investigations. Yenisey transect is very interesting in ethno-ecological relation. Except of Russian population in the northern part of Krasnojarsk Territory and in Taimyrski and Evenki AA 8 indigenous peoples of the north live: kets, selkupes, evenks, yakuts, ents, nenets, dolgans and nganasans. The special attention is paid on the investigations of ethno-ecological aspects of kets, which lives near in the Station surrounding. Different ethnic groups of kets were investigated (Yelogui kets, Sulomai kets, Kureika kets). Recommendations for rationalization of traditional resource management and survival of kets people in general were created. Organization of special ethno-ecological protected area also stipulate survival of indigenous peoples. This type of protected nature areas is included in the legal acts of Russian Federation (Federal Low on Nature Protected Areas, 1995). In 1987 in Yelogui River basin the first in Russia ethno-ecological reserve “Yeloguiski” was organized. The other aspect of work – solution of the problems of survival of indigenous peoples in the polygons of Biosphere Reserves. This question is investigated on a base of the “biosphere polygon” of Central Siberia Biosphere Reserve.