|
Bioindication in the Ecological Assessment of Soils and Related Habitats. - Dobrovolsky G. V., Terekhova V. A., and Dgebuadze Yu. Yu.
<<< To Contents
River saprobity on sites with various anthropogenic pressures in years with various water availabilities. - Bukovsky M. E. and Kolomeytseva N. N. - The results of evaluation of hydrometric characteristics and saprobity index of rivers on two sites with various anthropogenic pressures are considered. The data of our surveys conducted in years with various water availabilities are compared. The dependence of the river saprobity on the water availability is discussed.
Key words: stream discharge, reserve, ground invertebrates, quality of water, saprobity.
<<< To Contents
Effect of a device generating light-emitting diode radiation, on Daphnia magna. - Vorobyeva O. V. - The effects of both light and electromagnetic fields of a device producing red light by means of light-emitting diodes on the water crustacean Daphnia magna Straus, 1820 are described.
Key words: Daphnia magna, LED light, fecundity, embryogenesis disturbance, hydrobiont.
<<< To Contents
Effect of low concentrations of potentially toxic substances on Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg in lifelong tests. - Gershkovich D. M. and Isakova E. F. - The paper describes effects of exposure of the crustaceans Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg to low concentrations of potentially toxic substances in our lifelong research. Changes in survival and reproduction indices when exposed to potential toxicants in low concentrations (comparable to UACs) within the full life of the crustaceans have been observed.
Key words: Ceriodaphnia affinis, lifespan, fertility, potential toxicants, low concentrations.
<<< To Contents
Applicability of enzyme activity indices for soil bioindication and monitoring. - Dadenko E.V., Denisova Т.V., Kazeev K. Sh., and Kolesnikov S. I. - Soil biological parameters are potentially early, sensitive indicators of soil degradation and contamination. Among these, special emphasis is given to enzyme activity. The activity of soil enzymes can be an additional diagnostic indicator of soil management, pollution and perturbation. Application of enzyme activity as a diagnostic index promotes high sensitivity to external effects, simplicity of evaluation and low errors in an experiment. We have determined most sensitive enzymes depending on their influence on several factors (heavy metals, oil and oil products, radioactive contamination, and agricultural use). Dehydrogenase and invertase are the best indicators to assess the effect of agricultural use on soil biological activity. Catalase and dehrogenase are more suitable for diagnosis of pollution and waterlogged conditions.
Key words: catalase, invertase, dehydrogenase, agricultural use, water logging, heavy metal, oil products, microwave radiation, ionizing radiation.
<<< To Contents
Bioassays of paper products, food and soil using microalgae. - Ipatova V. I., Dmitrieva A. G., and Prokhotskaya V. Yu. - A method of assessment of paper goods, food, soil biotoxicity using structural and physiological test-parameters of microalgal populations is suggested. The method is promising, integral, highly sensitive and can be recommended for rapid assessment of the toxicity of liquid and solid media and materials.
Key words: microalgae, bioassay, paper products, food, soil.
<<< To Contents
Paleoecological reconstruction of the natural medium of the Podesenie region on the late pleistocene-holocene boundary (by the carbon isotopic soil composition). - Kovaleva N. O., Stolpnikova E. M., and Kovalev I. V. - The paper discusses features of the Late Pleistocene paleoecology in the Trubchevsk district (Bryansk region). The transition from the Late Pleistocene glacial climate to the warm Holocene period was accompanied by various climatic fluctuations which information has been recorded in the interstadial buried soils and pedosediments. Two interstadials aged as 16500+230 and 12930+170 years BP, and three Holocene buried soils marking the stages of Holocene climate were identified and described. Most informative paleoclimatic indicators, such as carbon isotopic composition, phosphorus group composition, and magnetic susceptibility, were applied.
Key words: paleoecology, buried soils, loess-paleosoil series, Late Pleistocene, interstadial paleosols, Podesenie, Trubchevsk Opolie.
<<< To Contents
Indicators of soil ecological condition under chemical pollution. - Mandzhieva S. S., Minkina T. M., Motuzova G. V., Nazarenko O. G., Bauer T. V., Mashtykova L. Yu., and Kushnareva A. V. - A system of environmental indicators of soil based on the group composition of metal compounds is proposed. It includes calculation of the heavy metals mobility in soils and their accumulation in plants and evaluates safety functions of the soil - plant system and the total index of soil contamination.
Key words: soil, plants, pollution, heavy metals, group composition, environmental indicators.
<<< To Contents
Ecological status diagnostics of the Lower Volga basin waters by means of phytoplankton dimensional structure indices. - Risnik D. V. and Milko E. S. - The paper is devoted to methodical peculiarities of the usage of the size structure of phytoplankton communities as bioindicators to diagnose and evaluate ecosystems. The boundaries separating the 'fair' and 'dysfunctional' values of these indices have been calculated. Adverse factors were arranged according to their contribution to the trouble of ecosystems.
Key words: phytoplankton, dimensional structure, bioindication, diagnostics, evaluation.
<<< To Contents
Xenobiotic effects on polyphenoloxidase and ascorbate oxidase activities in the water-submerged plant Ceratophyllum demersum. - Rozina S. A., Makurina O. N., and Goncharuk A. S. - The paper considers the combined effects of heavy metal ions (Pb2+) and synthetic cationic surfactants on polyphenoloxidase and ascorbate oxidase activities in the water-submerged plant Ceratophyllum demersum.
Key words: polyphenoloxidase, ascorbate oxidase, heavy metal ions, cationic surfactant combination, Ceratophyllum demersum.
<<< To Contents
Ecosystem assessment of small eutrophic watercourses in urbanized areas by biotesting and bioindication methods. - Chesnokova S. M., Zlyvko A. S., Savelyev O. V., and Trifonova T. A. - The results of our evaluation of water toxicity by bioassay methods using the crustaceans Daphnia magna and an 'Ecolyum' bioassay as well as the trophic level and ecosystem saprobity of small rivers over urbanized areas of the Vladimir region are presented.
Key words: small rivers, toxicity, trophicity, saprobity, biological methods.
<<< To Contents
Comparative sensitivity evaluation of the survival rate and feeding rate indices of Daphnia magna to determine water toxicity. - Shashkova T. L. and Grigoriev Y. S. - A comparative estimation of the survival rate and feeding rate of Daphnia, which are used as test-functions for the determination of water toxicity, is carried out. The higher sensitivity of the feeding rate of Daphnia in comparison with their survival rate index to model toxicants (cadmium and copper ions, potassium dichromate), and while biotesting of sewage and natural waters is shown.
Key words: Daphnia magna, trophic activity, survival, toxicity, heavy metals, natural and sewage watres.
<<< To Contents
|
