Turning Around a Vertical Axis as a Manifestation of Human Rotation and its Relation to Concepts of Upper and Lower Limb Preference: Differences in Relation to Gender in Adolescent Population. Martin Musalek Charles University in Prague , CeskА Republika. musalek.martin@seznam.cz The current study was conducted in order to examine the structure and relation between rotation, item (turning around a vertical axis) and validated preference tasks for the evaluation of the concepts of handedness and footedness in the adolescent population. A total of 220 individuals from Prague high schools (males = 104, females = 116) in the 1719 age range (mean age 18.1 years) participated. Structural equation modelling, specifically MIMIC models, showed that turning behaviour has a significant regression relation to the concept of "lower limb preference" p < 0.001. Participants with a right foot preference had a tendency to do rotation on the left side, whereas participants who showed a left foot preference in the tasks tested had a tendency to rotate on the right side. Moreover,in further processing of data by multigroup modelling it was found that the female population showed a slightly more stable preference of both locomotive organs than males, but a poor tendency in rotating. By contrast, the male population showed a significantly (p < 0.01) strong relation of lower limb preference and rotating around a vertical axis, in the sense of rotating on the opposite side than the preferred lower limb. The limitations of the study and further suggestions are discussed.