BBK  22.6
        G 12
   UDK  37:[52+53] (076.1)


   G 12   Gavrilov M.G.  /  Zviozdnyj Mir: Sbornik zadach po astronomii
          i kosmicheskoj fizike. Chast' IV. Olimpiady N N Ts. – Cherno-
          golovka, 1998. – 100 pages. 


        Competitions for young amateur astronomers, called "Olympiads", 
   are carried out in Russia for many years. The aim of these 
   competitions is to stimulate intellectual curiosity and identify 
   clever high school students oriented toward natural sciences.
        More than 500 problems of various Olympiads on astronomy and 
   space physics are collected in a few volumes of the book. Here is 
   volume IV – problems of the Olympiads of Scientific Centre in 
   Chernogolovka (former Noginsk Scientific Centre).
        We are ready to collaborate with enthusiasts of the astronomy 
   and physics competitions all over the world.


                                                             BBK  22.6


   Critique by:  Prof. Dr. Anatoly V. Zasov,
                 Dr. Vladimir G. Surdin.




                                                ©   M.G.Gavrilov, 1998

                            INTRODUCTION

         Olympiad for high schools students is one  of  interes- 
    ting traditions of Chernogolovka: a small picturesque villa- 
    ge not far from Moscow, in which the  Scientific  Center  of 
    the Russian Academy of Sciences is  situated.  It  has  been 
    held yearly for more than 25 years now on a more or less re- 
    gular basis. The main participants of the Olympiad are  stu- 
    dents of the last 4 forms of Russian schools, i.e.  aged  14 
    to 17. The Olympiad is not only for those living in  Cherno- 
    golovka. In 1991 the list of contestants, for  example,  in- 
    cluded people from more than 50 towns and cities of about 20 
    regions of North and Central Russia, Latvia and Estonia.
         Most of young people participating in the various types 
    of Olympiads are interested in Science and think about it as 
    their future. They want to learn as much as  possible  about 
    the advantages and disadvantages of the profession of Scien- 
    tist. The main idea we are pursuing in arranging the Olympi- 
    ad of Scientific Centre is to create an  imitation  of  real 
    everyday work of a scientist.
         The scientific problems are, as a rule, less formal and 
    fairly difficult. It may be not accurately formulated  task, 
    where one knows what he has got to find, but a  whole  story 
    (as real as our life is), from which the participant has  to 
    "single out" the problem, ignoring all surplus  information. 
    The student's job is to formulate the problem more accurate- 
    ly, create the model and support it with arguments, find re- 
    asonable approximations, show which effects can be neglected 
    and which cannot, and so on.
         See also about olympiads
                                   http://www.issp.ac.ru/univer/