Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://vertebrata.bio.msu.ru/Methods_studying_space_usage_Shrews.pdf Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Mon Feb 8 19:41:43 2010 Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Mon Oct 1 19:40:48 2012 Êîäèðîâêà:

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.Panee UpH pa60TC C 3cMncpoAKaMH Mbl pacnona ranu noayuncu ua pacCToHHl1H oxono 7 M, xoropoe OKa3anOCb onTHManbHblM (Illanauoa, 1986; Illnna 1I0B, OnCHHH'ICHKO, 1993). Flpn nOCTaHOBKe noayurex IlJIolll,aAKOH no CCTKC, C paccroauaess Me)K)l,y JIOByru KaMH .7.5 M, 100 nonyurex MO)KeT 06JIaBnHBaTb nJIO 1.LI,aJ.\b 0.46 ra. Te )KC JIOByll1KU MoryT 6blTb BbICTaB JICHbl B JIHHHlO, C TeM:>Ke liHTCpBaJIOM, JI,mtHoii 742.5 M.
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14

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nan. AOCTaTO'lHO AaHHbIX. YBeJIWICHlie cpOKa ua6mo geHHH He nHOCliT CY1.Ll,eCTneHHhiX li3MeueHliii B AaH

uyio xapaxrepucraxy.
PaCCTaHOBKa JIOByll1eK. OAHOH H3

Ynenaseaae paaaepa Bbl60pKU npa nOCTaHOBKe
nonyuiex B JIHHIIIO JIerKO 061>",CHUMO. OKOJIO 60%
aucpucon, uaomonaeastxaa nJI01.Ll,agKe, B TO:>Ke npeW!
noceuiann li JIOByWKli na muum (Ta6JI. 3). Ilpa 3TOM
ncex ocennsix aaepsxos JIHHWl yJIaBJIHBana B HOJIOee
30 M (puc.

aana-i,

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6a,

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JIeHHblX HaMI1 npa pa3pa60TKeMeTOAliKH AOJIrOCpO'I HblX uarimonenaa, ",BJl}IJIOCb nOJIy'IeHHe MaKCHMaJIb noro 06"eMa MaTepHaJIa npn MUHHMaJIbHblX TPYJ.\O aarparax. 06CJleAOBaHlie Ha6JIlO)J,aeMblX TeppHTOpHH:

TOpOH MeTHTC", 100% naceneuaa "PH nOCTaHOBKe 100 nonyiuex JIliHlidi C HHTepBlUloM 7.5 M, COCTaBJIH JIa He MCHce 2.23 ra (742.5 x 30), B TO BpeMH KaK no crauonxa noayiuex e TaKHM )Ke HHTepBaJIOM nJIO 1.LI,aAKoll, B 5 pas MeHbwe - 0.46 ra.

TauJUIIJ,a 3. KOJllI'-IeCTBo noiixiaunstx aa 14 AHe}! 6yp03y60K
B 3UUHCUMOCTH 01' cuocotia paccrauouxa nosyurex

Konnv. oco6cii, IJOHMallHblX aa 14 Allcii uepecuere na 100 nosyiuex
BUA H3 JllUU:lH ua accro oco6cii.
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, My o6cy)KAeHHlO 3TWX xa'paKTepHCTHK, paCCMOTpHM . o6IlJ,l1e 060CHOBaHHSI I1X Hcnonb30naHHSI. \. nHHHSI, npoxonaiuaa -repes nocenenus snepsxou, : nepecexaer IlX y'IacTKH B HeOnpCACJICHIIOM, CJIY'laH ;- HOM aanpannenau 11 na HeM peracrpapytcrca "cpe ?3bl" Y'"!aCTKoB (pHC. 66, 62). HenpeAHaMepCHHOCTb ~ aanpanneuna nepeceueana yxacrxon 11 SlDnSleTCSI oc " HOBOII AJlSl CTaTHCTH'leCKOH 06pa6oTKH.

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(TOK). B aaureu cny-rae aHaJlOrOM TaKoro nOK33aTe
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8

9

AaJI nOBTopOB, OH ne MO)KCT paCCMaTp"BaTbCSI KaK OCeAJ1hIfi. Hanpaaep, na JIliHli" 1 (CM. puc. 8a) 1I3 ananaaa I1CKJIlOqCH S. araneus N!! 125, KOTOpbIH ObIJI nOHMaH 3ACCb scero 1 pas. ua Jl""lil1 2, na TOM)I(C OC nOBaHl111 - N!!N!! 750 li 724 H r.n,

Puc. 8. Mecra
ell/iellS (6)

OTJlOnOn OCCI.\JlblX MC'lClIlIlI.

S. araneus (a)

II

S. eae

Ileus,

B arore ua l-ll JlHHl1li OTMeQCHO 4 OCep,JlbIX S. ara ua 2-H - 3, aa 3-" - 4, ua 4-" -3, ua 5-ii - 3, aa 6-" - 3, ua 7-" - 2, na 8-ll- 2, ua 9-" -1, aa 1O-ll-1 (CM. pHC 8a). Bcero 26 3BCPhKOB ua 10 JlHHHHX o6lll,cii
p,JlliHOll750 M. HanOMHI1M, QTO nUHUH OhlJln paCC;QH TaUbI KaK HC3aBliCHMbIC, n03ToMynOJIY'!cHHoC QI1CJIO

PaC'leT [mOTHOCTli OceUJIoro HaCeJIeHHH. HO HaWHM

paccyxneuaaa,

JII1HI151

Cornac nepecexaer y'IaCT

ne

KI1 3DCPhKOB HCKOTOphIM CJlY'IallHbIM 06pa30M. Co oTBeTCTBCHHO, CTBO 06HTaIOW.11X

npa ACJlCHI1I1 Anl1HhI JlI1Hlil1 aa KOJlH'lC ua HCH 3BCPbKOB MO)l(}IO BhI'II1CJIHTh
cpeAHCMY. Ta1Ul.M Oopa30M,

ansae

COOTBcTCTByeT KOJlH'ICCTBY ocennux S. araneus pc HaomOp,aBWI1XCSI nannouianxe MCQClUUI.

"YCJlOBHOe" cpeAHCC paCCTOHHHC MCiKAY OCOOHMH, KO 'ropoe npu yDCJIl1'leHl111 AJIHHbI muml1 6YACT npatinn )l(aThCH K "UCTHHHOMy"

Y S. caecutiens na I-It JII1Hli OTMCQCHO 4 OCep,JlbIX, ua 2-" - 4, na 3-H - 5, ua 4-H -6, na 5-" - 4, na 6-11 - 3,
na 7-" - 2, na 8-11 - 2, aa 9-H ., 6, na 10-H - 5 (CM. pnc. 86). Bccro - 41 3BCpCK aa 10 JlUHJoUIX o6w.ci1
p,JlHUO" 750 M.

cpennee paccroaaae

MeiKAY OCOOHMI1 MOiKeT

paccaa

'rpnaarsca KaK Al1aMCTp xpyra, nnouians xoroporo

Teneps J}.J1SI Ka)KJJ.OrO H33THX BRJl.OB no ¢opMyne A MOiKHO paCC'lI1TaTb nJlOTHOCTb aa 1 ra.
300nOrWlECKI111 )KYPHAfi
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79

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2000


K METOJ::I.HKE H3Yl1EHH51 HCI10nb30BAHH51 I1POCTPAHCTBA
,Il,JUl S. araneus 26 2/ rt7S0 2 = 15.3. 3Ta nJI0TIIOCTh paaua

369

40000 x

X

COOTBCTCTBCHHO, aa AOJI)KHO oGHTaTh

15.3

x

0.51 0.51

1I0 na nJIO~aAKC oGlIapy)KCHO JIOCb HC3Ha'-lHTCJIbHbIM.

=

ra COrJIaCHO

7.8 3B~hKOB.

pacxerav
PCaJIb

Msi acnonsaosana ananorn-msrk nonxon, OAHa
KO paCClJHThlBaJIH nomo COBMCCTHO nOCCll.I,aCMhlX JIO
nyurex (Illananon, 1986). TIpH 3TOM JIOBywKa paccua

TpHnaCTC5I. KaK TOl.JKa B npocrpancrne,
nOCC~CHI1C

9

3BCphKOB. OTKJIO

KOTOpOH pa3HblMH OCOGSIMH MO)KeT GbITh 3aKCHH5I B npCACJIax npo CTpaHCTna, 3allHMaCMoro :>KHBOTHbIM, npyrax OCo ·GCH. 3TOT nOKa3aTCJIb MO:>KCT GbITb paCClJHTaH AJISI OC0611 llJIH rpyrmsi OC06CH na OTpC3j(C JIlHlHH UJIH JIltHHH n l.I,CJIOM (¢opMYJIa 6).


HCHl1C paC'-lCTHbIX AaHlIbIX OT 3MnHpH'IcCKHX OKa3a )J,JISI S. caecutiens pacuersr nsirnanar CJICAyIO ~HM 06pa30M. TIJIOTHOCTb ua 1 ra pasua 40000 x 38.1. Ha 0.51 ra no paClJCTaM AOJI)KIIO X 41 2/rt7502 06HTaTb 38.1 X 0.51 = 19.4 3BCPbKa. PCaJIbHO )KC TaM 06HTaJIO 18 anepsxos. TaKHM 06pa30M, H B 3TOM CJIy
'lac pacaernsre H 3MnHpH'leCKHe PC3YJIhTaThI AOCTa

=

S = 'LP/'iP

in d ,

(6)


TO'-lHO GJIH3KH. 3TO n03BOJI5ICT CACJIaTh 3aKJIIOlJCHHe 0 npa CMJICMOCTH npennaraenoa AJISI pacueroa JISleTCSI Ba)l(HhlM nOKa3aTeJIeM npocrpancrneaaoro pacnpeneneuaa B xone H3MelleHHH 'IHCJIeHHOCTH. Ha pacranue nJIOTlIOCTH MO)l(CT npoacxomrrs aa ClJeT COKpa~eHHSI paaaepos Yl.JaCTKa mUJ He COnpOBO:>K AaThcSI TaKHMH H3MeHCHHSIMH. TI03TOMY conoeraa JIelIHe H3MeHeHHH nnOTHOCTH H paauepoa y-racrxa 60JIee nOJIHO xapaxrepaayer nponcxonaume B no ny JI5Il.I,IUJ npoueccu.

Bee

rne S - AOJI5I COBMCCTHO noceutaesn.rx JIOByWCK, Pj KOl1H'ICCTno noayuiex, noceuiennsrx 60JIee '-leM 0A
HO" ocotiuo, Pind - KOJIHlJCCTBO JIOBymcK, nOCCll.I,eH-·
HhIX XOT5I Gbl OAHHM 3BCpbKOM.
AOJISI COBMeCTHO noceuiaeusrx JIOByweK HMceT
TeHACHQHlO K pOCTy npu yBCJIH'-leHHH cpoxa nafirno
ACHHll. 3TO npOHCXOAHT aa ClJeT CMeu.r,CHH5I YlJaCTKOB
a, B 3TOM cnysae, BHOCHT HCKa:>KeHHSI B peansnyio
KapTHHY. ,Il,nSI Toro, :>KCHHll. He06xoAHMO paCC TeJIb AJISI MhI y)KC oriocuonsmana npoAOJIWJTCJIbHOCTb eAH na-moro nepaona HaGJIIOAcHHi'!- OKOJIO 14 AHCH. TIo 3TOMy H AOJIIO COBMeCTHO HCnOJIb3ycMbIX JIOBymcK Mbl npCAJIaraCM oueuaaars sa 3TOT )KC CpOK.
l.IacToTa conMeCTHoro nocelll,cHHSI JIOBymcK.


Pasvepst y'-IaCTKa MOryT 6bITh oueneuu ua OCHO Be H3MepCHHH ero rparpasecxoro H30Gpa)l(eHHSI. OA
HaKO, KaK li3BeCTlIO, cano H30Gpa)KeHHe yuacrxa ua
OClI()Be AaHHblX nOBTopHhIX nOHMOK AOCTaTOlJlIO cy6b
eKTIlBHO. TI03TOMY '-laCTO pa3McphI HCnOJIh3ycMOH TCppHTOpHH Ol.l,eHliBalOTCSI no MaKCHMaJIbHOMY pac CTOSIHHIO Me)KAY KpaHHHMH TO'IKaMH nOHMOK. Ha Haw B3rJISIA, YAOGHhIM nOKa3aTeJIeM paswe pOB YlJaCTKa MOryT OKa3aThCSI ero cpeAHHC pasaeps: na JIllHHH.

PaccMaTpHBa51 JIOByWKlI KaK TOlJKH CAHHHlJHbIX ua
6nIOAeHHi'I, Mbl MO)KeM ouemrn, HC TOJIbKO CTpyKTy
py HCnOJIb30BaHHSI npocrpaucraa, HO H xapaxrep co unansusrx B3aHMooTHOWCHH" 3BCPbKOB B rpynnax. ACJIO B TOM, lJTO cano no ce6c nepexpsrsanae YlJaCT KOB OTpa)KaCT He TOJIbKO B3aHMOOTHomCHHSI saeps KOB,) HO H 3aBHCHT OT crpyxrypst MCCT006lJTaHHSI, KaK 3TO OTMClJeHO, B lJaCTHOCTH, AJISI nOJIygeHHOH nCCqaHKH (liHJIOBa H gp., 1983) H pbl)l(eH KOJIIO'-leH KpbICbI (Sokolov et al., 1994). B 60JIhmCH CTcneHH
3Ha'IHMOCTb COl.l,HaJIbHblX KOHTaKTOB OTpa)KaCT xac
TOT a nocemeuaa OgHHX H Tex )l(e MeCT B npocrpan
erne. B nauresr cnysae 3TO'iaCTOTa noceutenns JIO nyuiex. Ee pac-rer npoH3DoAliTCSI no
Pacxe-r

MO:>KeT 6hlTh npOH3BeAeH no
5. (5)

rne D m - cpennae pasnepst YlJaCTKa B MeTpax, D ind MaKCHMaJIbHOe paCCT05lHHC Me)l(AY KpaHHHMH TOlJ KaMH nOHMOK na JIHHHH y OCeAJIhlX ocotiea, N - lJHC no OCeAJIblX ocooea. Hanpauep, cpenuae pasaepi.i YlJaCTKa na JIHHIDIX y S. araneus - 27.2, Y S. caecutiens-«

67.1, y S. isodon - 32.5, y S. minutus-40.7
l1lJHeiiHblx AaHHbIX MC)KAY C060ll.

M.

3Ta xa
rne

F
FC, -

=

'LG/'LC;

(7)

r paxrepacrnxa nparonua TOJIbKO AJISI COnOCTaBJIellHSI
J],oml COBMeCTHO nocemaCMblX JIOnyweK. I1cnOJIb 30BaHHe npocrpaucrsa B rpynnax TpaAHl.I,HOHHO xa paxrepaayerca rparbasecxa. TaKaSI ACMOHCTpal.l,HSI HarJISIAHa, OAHaKO AOCTaTOlJHO CJIO)KHa AJISI ¢opMa JIH3al.l,HH. )J,ml BbI5IBJIeHH5I 31Ia'IHMOCTH 06Hapy)KCH HblX H3MeHcmlH B npoCTpaHCTBeHHoH crpyxrype He 06xoAHMa ax CTaTHCTH'-leCKa51 Ol.l,CHKa. TaKoH xapax TepHCTHKoH 51BJISICTC5I, n l.JaCTHOCTH, K03
l.JaCTOTa COBMeCTBoro noceuienas JIOByweK, lJHCJIO nOHMOK B COBMCCTHO nOCCll.I,aCMbIC JIO ByWKH, 'LC - oGll.I,CC lJHCnO nORMOK. CPCIJ,HCC 'IHCJIO cocenea. KOJlWleCTBO ocofieii, BXO A5Ill.I,HX B rpynny, H ee COCTaB S1BJISIIOTCSI Ba)KHOH xa paKTcpHCTHKOll cOQHaJIbHOH oprauaaauna HaCeJIC lIHSI. 3TH nOKa3aTCJIH TaK)KC MoryT 6bITb nonyxeusr na ocnone JIHHCHUhlX AaHHbIX. PaHCC MbI HCnOJIb30 BaJIl1 HX ~JISI conOCTaDJICHHSI crpyxrypsr HaCCJICHHSI MaJIbIX 6CJI03y60K B "nnOCKOCTHOM" nOCeJIeHHH - B TpOCTHHKax Ii B "06beMHOM" - B CKHPAax. SblJIO no xaaano, lJTO, UCCMOTpSl na cyutecraenayio pa3HHIJ,y B

(Alho, 1979).
8 300nOfW-lECKI1H )KYPHAJI
TOM

79

N2 3

2000


llJ,l1nAHOB HAp.

rpyxrype

MCC1'00611'ralUlH,

npauuama

HCllOJlb30nU

1151 1'CppU1'OpHll Y :nHX 3BCPbKOB HC HUPYWUIOTCSI

Illnnanon, 1986).
10 3Ha1'b
0pCAJIO)/(eHHblii cnocofi pa60Thl B OCHOBHOM xa paKTcpH3yeT OCC)_VlOC HaCCJICHHC, a B OTHoweHHH MurpaHTOB AaCT OrpaHl1'ICHHbIC AaHHbIC.

,Uml xapaKTcpHcTHKH COCTuna rpynnu neotixona coceueii y OAIlOli ocoria, 31'0 MO)/(eT blTb <\HCJIO COCCAcii caMOK y cauua, LIHCJlO COCCAeii aMIJ,OB y CUMKU, LIHCJIO cocencu Y OAHOH OC06H D peAHCM n T.n. COCCAHMlf Mbl c-urraej« \-CX 3BCphKOB, K01'OpblX lIMCIOTCH ofiuure noceuiaevsre JIOnywKH. PCAHCC KOJIH
EnAfO,UAPHOCfI1 Pa60Ta BblHOJIIlClIa npn nonncpsexe I'H'TFl "6110 pU3HooGpa3IlC", pq>q> 11 (.N"!! 99-04-48481 ).

Clll1COK nl1TEPATYPbI
bOJlbllWIWO

M = I-N/N,

(8)

n.H., Basceuoe A.B., 1988. Panaouyxnnnaue

\C M - cpennee 41lCJIO COCCACH, Nj -
Mel'ogbl MC'ICHI1H 13 nonynsuaosuoa axonorun Mnc xomrratoumx. M.:HaYKa. 157 c.

ocofieii

B BbI60pKC.

fpaepl1'lCCKOe 1l306pa)/(CHIlC y-racrxon anepsxoa IIIlX (lJopManbllblc xapaKTcpHCTIlKH 110 xaaaasr na puc. 60.

ua nnouianxe

3AKnIOl..IEHl1E 0605w.aSl nOJIYQCHHblC peaynsrari.r, Mbl .npaxo }J.HM K BbIBO}J.y, LITO Wl1POKIlC Ha6JllOACnllH sa uonro CpO'lHblMH 1l3MCIlClUUIMIl B nOllymU\1l0HHb1X cTpyK rypax 3CMJICpOCK-6yp03y60K MOryr nponOAH1'bCH C HC IIonh30naUIlCM nHIIIlii onucamu.rx BblWC (CM. pllC. 1) )/(llnOJIODOK. I TIoc1'aHoBKa nosyurex B nllHIHO AaCT D03MO)l( BOCTb npu MCHbWHX TpYA03aTpaTax 06CJICAODaTb 60nbwylO nnouians, H nony-nrri, 60nhWIlH 06bCM Ma1'CpllJIa. OPIl :31'OM MO)l(C1' 6bl1'b cxapaxrepasoaa na cTpyK1'ypa HCnOJlb30naUIlSl npocrpaacraa: nona conMeCTHO noceutaejn.rx noayuies (S),
hcanmep 3.B., Maxapoa A.M., 1994. DpoCTpaHCTBcHHaJI opraaasauna nOIIymllJ,Hii 3cMncpocK-6YP03y60K (Sor ex; Insectivorai II ee CB»3b C KOpMHOCTblO 61l01'On013 1/ 300Jl. )KypH. T. 73. N!! 9. C. 124-138. 111'01'11 MCllCIIIl51 MJICKOllHTalOll.\IlX., 1980. M.: HaYKa.
298 c.'
Kapaceaa E.B., Tenuuuua A.fO., 1996. MC1'OAbl1l3YllCHlliI
rpb13yH013 B IIonC13blX ycnOBIDIX: YllCl'bl xacneaaocm
II MC\ICIIHC. M.: Hayxa, 227 c.
Kynpunuoea H.eJJ., 1976. K ¢aYHc McnKWC MneKonHT81O
uiax lO)KHOH llaYHa II 3KOJlOrHlI )KIlDOTIIbIX (C60pHlIK TPYAOB). lI.n. MII IlHC1'CPC1'130 npOC13CIl\CHllll PCCP. M. C. 123-139. 1978. Bnonorns H MC)K13lIAODbIC O1'HOLUCHIl» MCJlKIIX necnsrx MneKOlllI1'aIOll.\HX CpCAHCii raara Eeponeli CKOro Cenepa CCCPII A13TOpC¢. AIlC ··· xaan. 611On. uays. M. 16 c. - 1994. 06blKHOBCHHaH 6yp03y6Ka. Tyunpsuaa 6yp03y6KayHa eaponeacxoro CC13cpo-BoCToKa Poccna. MncKOIlHTaIOIl\Hc. T. '2. 'lI. 1. Cn6.: Hayxa.

C. 11-{51. Mopaneoa H.B., 1983. nOABillKHOCTb 3cMnepocK-6ypo3y _GOK B raare 11 HOHMe Cpenaero EHIlCClI II Baonorax.
npo6ncMbi Cesepa. Te3. X Bcec. CIlMn03. )KllB01'HblH MHp. Maranau. ll. II. C. 40-41. - 1992. DpoCTpaHCT BCH~lO-3TOnOrH\lCCKa}i CTpyKTypa nonynsuaa oGblKIlOBCtIIlOU 6yp03y6KII II Anroperp. AUC .·· KaHA· 6110n. ':

1 \1
~

11

aayx. M. Mopaaeea H.B., lllednnene B.H., 1982. Hexo ropste 000 Oeunocrn upocrpaacrseaaoa CTIJYKTypbl nonynsuaa

~,

TIP~l paoore C 3cMncpoiiKaMIl-Gyp03y6KaMIl HaH 60JIbWIlC npoencsn.r CBSl3aHbl C MUCC013blM OTnODOM II coxpaneaaeu :>KllBbIX 3BCPbKOB B :>KllnOJlOEKax. Ilep nas np06JICMa peuraerca aa C"lJCT npllMCHCHIlSl HaM~ oparnaansuoa JIOByWKIl. Bropas - sa C4CT onpCAC JICHHoro pC)KIlMa npoaepox. TIPIl AByKpaTHbIX lIPO sepxax nnaua nonyurex C IlHTCpnaJIOM 1.5
{ 3CMJICpOeK-6ypo3y6oK CPCAHcCHllccitCKOit raam Ilj Iloxn, MOCK. O-Ba IlCnbIT. npaponu, 300Jl. U 6oTaHlI- ~ xa. 1980. Hexoropsre acuexrsr 113YlleH1l1l ¢nopbl 11 , ¢aYHbl CCCP. M. C. 9-13. , MC1'OAIlKC H3YllCHII» HHAHinlAY aJIbllblX yxacrxon y rpsnyuoa 11300Jl. )KypHun. T. 44. Hcnonb30BaHIUI H CTIJyKTy pa y'laCTKOB 061lTalUl5l 6yp03y6uK " JlCCHblX llonC130K II l{>ayHa II 3KonorIDI rpb13yHOB. N!! 15. C. 162-203.

Huxuinuua H.A., 1965.

a

M 4. C. 598-605. XJlRlI JI.A., 1983. OC06CHHOCTIl

Xox.aoaa

nannsrx, nocraro-moe AnSI OlJ,CHKH 'lIlcnCHHOCTH, 3a

5

Kpacuoe b.P., 1986. Mcxalll13Mbi aBTopc rynlllJ,HH nn01'HOCTII B rpynnupoaxax AOM0130H MblLUII (Mus musculus) C pa3J1Il'IHblMIl TllnaMH npocrpaucr aenuoro pacnpcAcncHulIl! 30on. )KypH. T. 65. ,N'g 3.
3Konom». M.:

n,c.,

AHCll (¢opMyna 1), a An5l xapaxrcpacraxa crpyx Typbl HaCenCHII5l - npasrepno aa ABC uenenu.

C. 407-415.
lllunoo HA; 1997.

Bstcuiaa uixona, 512 c.


300nOrHtIECKl1H )KYPHAJl

TOM

79

N2 3

2000


K METOAI1KE 113Y'-IEHI151 I1CTIOJlb30BAHI151 TIPOCfPAHCfBA
llunoea CA.,,aepoU3 H.B., IlIlIJlOfJ A.M., lllunanoe H.A .. Mapoea M.B., Iloscapuiictcuii Ii.B), 1983. HCKOTOpblC -rcprsr TeppHTopHanbHoro pacnpenenenus I{ nOBCAC Hltsl nonYACHHblX necuauox Meriones meridian us tRo dentia, Cricetidaey B ycnOBHSlX H3McneHHblX atrrpono rCHHblM B03AciicTBHeM II 300n. )j(ypH. T. 62. NQ 6.

371

lllunauoe H.A., lllunoea CA., C.ltUpUH 1O.M., 1997. Crpyicrypa ·11 ¢YHKl.\liII paana-msrx noceneumi nee HOII MblUlH (Apodemus uralensis) 1/ Y cnexu COBp. 6H on. T. 117. Bun. 5. C. 624-639.
Alho C J. R., 1979. Relative exclusiveness of use of space as
a measure of spatial distribution of 'mammal popula
tions II Rev. Brasil. BioI. V. 39. NQ I. P. 275-279. C. 916-921. Churchfield S., 1984. An investigation of the population l1.(1It1Q/106 J-l.A., 1986. K axonorua ManoH 6eno3y6KH ecology of syntopic shrews inhabiting water-cress tCrocidura suaveolens) II 300n. »cypn. T. 66.NQ 7. beds /I 1. Zoo!' L. V. 204. N2 2. P. 229-240. C. 1051-1060. - 1991. I1cnonb30BaHHC cP0pManbHblx Michielsen N.C., 1966. Intraspecific and interspecific com noxaaarenea AJl51 xapaxrepacraxa npccrpancrsen petition in the shrews Sorex araneus L. and S.minu/Ils II Hoii CTpyKTypbl nonynannn MenKHX MneKonHTaIOll\HX Arch. Neerland. Zoo!. V .. 17. P. 73-174. aa npnvepe TpOllH'leCKUX DUAOB II Tponuenrp 91. CG. Shillito J.F., 1963. Observation of a range and movements of pa6. K I uayx. KOll¢. '-I. I. C. 36-39. - 1995. <1JYHKl.\H a woodland population of the common shrew Sorex ara OHanbUa51 opranmauns nonynauan: ranoresa uecne Ileus L.II Proc. Zoo!. Soc. London. V. 140. NQ 3. P. 533 l.\HcPH'-IeCKOii anarrrauan II .3KonorH5I nonynsuua: 546. Crpyxrypa I{ AHHaMHKa. Marepuansi COBe1l.\aUHSI. M.: Shore R.F'.. Myhill D.G., Lhotsky R.,Mackenzie 5., 1995. Tun. Poccern.xosaxaneuan. T. I. C. 160-161. - 1996. Capture success for pygmy and common shrews (Sorex yuKl.\HoHanbua51 opraunaauna nonynsunn (na npa minutus and Siaraneuss in Longworth and pitfall traps on Mepe MenKHX MneKonHTalOll\Hx). Asroperp. AHC ... upland blanket bog II J. Zoo!. V. 237. N2 4. P. 657-662. AOKT. 6Hon. nays. M. 47 c. Sokolov V.E., Shilova S. A., Shchipanov N. A., 1994. Pecu lllunauoe H.A., O/leUHU'IeH.KO B.10., 1993. Benooproxaa liarities of small mammals populations as a criteria for estimating antropogenic impacts on tropical ecosys 6en03y6Ka: nOBeAeHHe, npocrpaacrnemro-aronornue tems.JI Int. J. of Ecology & Environmental Sciences. CKaSi crpyKTypa K cPYHKl.\ItOUanbHaSi crpyxrypa nony Jl5ll.\HU. M.: Hayxa. 135 c. V. 20. P. 375-386.
r

ON METHODS OF STUDYING THE SPACE USAGE BY COMMON SHREWS
N. A. Shchlpanov', A. A. Kallnln', V. Yu. Olelnlchenko", T. B. Dernidova',
o. B. Goncharova', F. V. Nagornev
}Sever/sov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow J J 707 J , Russia
2Moscow State University, Facility of Biology, Moscow 119899, Russia
3 Pushchino State University, Puslichino, Moscow oblast

Methods of gathering and processing the data on spatial structure of common shrew populations are considered. A trap for live animals of original construction proved to be the most effective for use. The survival of animals in the traps was maximum, when intervals between checks were shorter than 1.5 h. The total daily exposure of traps for 3 hours with two subsequent checks in daytime is considered as optima!. The data, sufficient for sta tistical analysis, might collected for a fortnight. Arrangement of traps in line is the most effective for observing the territory studied. The use of formal characteristics will permit one to define a mode ofspace usage - the share of jointly visited traps, frequency of visits, and the average number of neighbors. A procedure of calcu lating the density of animals, based on the data obtained by using traps arranged in line, is suggested. The results are compared with the data obtained on the grid.

300nOfi11.1ECKl1H )KYPHAn

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2000