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1946 .

2 · 2014 · --

VIII " ". " " .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 .., .. . VIII " " . . . . 6 .., .., .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 .. . . . 94 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

. . . 12 . . . 37 . . . 59 . . . 68

.. : , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 .. ( ) . . . . . . . . . . 154 .. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 .. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 . .. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

CONTENTS VIII International Conference "Sorokin's reading". "Social inequality as a global problem of modernity" Dobren'kov V.I. Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Novosoelova E.N., Kanevskiy P.S. Comprehending social inequality. About the VIII International Conference "Sorokin's reading" . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Social inequality in modern Russia Averin Yu.P., Dobren'kov V.I., Dobren'kova E.V. Inequality of the Russian population in terms of quality of life and social preference order . . . Rakhmanov A.B. The capitalist class modern Russia and its main characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Korkiya He.D. Social inequality in modern Russia: the cultural foundations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oseev A.A. Social inequality as a factor of social tensions in Russian society Regulatory problems of social inequality Vasiliev V.P. Direction of macro social stratification . . . . . . . Barkov S.A. Social inequality and the principal--agent problem Novosoelova E.N. Equality of family and state institutions as a condition for overcoming the global demographic crisis . . . Problems of contemporary global inequality Osipova N.G. Inequality in the era of globalization: essence, institutions, regional specificity and dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Kanevskiy P.S. International organizations in global social inequality . . . . 142 Sinel'nikov A.B. Inequality and discrimination of immigrants belonging to non-European cultures and their descendants in Russia and Western Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 The problems of inequality in the history and theory of sociological thought Victorov A.Sh. Social inequality: philosophical and sociological reflection . . . 170 Mamedov A.K. Information society: new ontology of social inequality . . . . 187 Baturenko S.A. Theories of social mobility in the history of sociological thought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Pen test. Word of the young scientist Ardelyanova Ya.A. Corruption, trust and inequality in modern society . . . . 212 . . . . . . . . 81 . . . . . . . . 94 necessary . . . . . . . 108 . . . 12 . . . 37 . . . 59 . . . 68

© . « », 2014

Greetings to the Dean Faculty of sociology, MSU University, doctor of philosophy, professor V.I. Dobren'kov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
3

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

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.. , . . , ., .. ! , VIII " ", " ". , , , , . - , , , 42- , 2014 . (), . " " () , . , , " " . " " , , 2013 . . 140 , .

, 2014 . . 6 1989 . , .. 500 " ". , . , , -, , . . , , , , " " -- " ", -- . , , , .

, e-mail: vid@socio.msu.ru; soc@socio.msu.ru

4

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , ., . . .. * .. , . . , .
.. **

. VIII " "
VIII " ", " ". : , , , .. , .. . Current article is dedicated to VIII International scientific conference "Sorokin Readings" held under the name "Social inequality as a contemporary global problem". Key worlds: Sorokin readings, Russian sociological association, social inequality, Sorokin prize, Petrovskiy prize.

56 2013 . VIII " ". () , . " " . , , - -- . , "" . " ". , .
*

**

, e-mail: alena_n_@mail.ru; nauka@socio.msu.ru , e-mail: baggio-18@yandex.ru

, , , . " " , , - . , 2014 . () 42- . " " 5 , , , , , , . .. , 10- 25- . 60 , . , . , 4 , 12 . , , " : ". .. , , , , , , .. , . : - ( ": , "), - (" 7

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, .. , .. , .. , .. , .. , .. . , " ", .. . . : , .. (" "), , .. (" "), .. (" "), . (" "), .. (" , , , , "), .. (" "), () .. (" : - "), , .. (" : "), .. (" "), .. (" "), .. (" "), .. (" "). , . , , ,
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. 5 .. " " .. " - ". .. : .. -- , , . , . .. -- , , . -- - , , XVI XVII , . .. : .. -- , , . .. -- - , , . .. , , , , " ". , . , . Alma Mater. -- , .

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this influence upon. Based on the results of sociological research of the objective and subjective variables is done the analysis of a inequality in relation to quality life among the residents of different types of Russian settlements -- administrative and region towns, village community. It is exposed the preference dispositions of the residents in relation to democratic socialism, liberal democracy and "middle" order in comparison with them in dependence on condition of their quality life. It is done a conclusion about what a structure of the material and spiritual variables of quality life have an influence upon choice the residents the types of given order at present. Key words: quality life, objective and subjective way for research of quality life, social order, social order of democratic socialism, liberal democracy and "middle" order.

, . . "" -- , . , , "" , . , . : , , , " ", "" . It is considered in this article a methodology way for research of people's inequality in relation to quality life, and a mechanism influence it upon attitude towards contemporary social order in society and state, upon preference of the different communities in relation to it changes in dependence on condition of their quality life. It is showed the possibilities of the synergetic way to give an explanation

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, e-mail: averin_up@yandex.ru , e-mail: vid@socio.msu.ru , e-mail: soc@socio.msu.ru

12

. . , , . , , . - , , . , . .. , " , , . , 40% 60% -- "1. , "" . . "" , . , , , , .. . , .. . . , . "" -
1 .. -- - : V . 17 2002 ., -. ., 2002. . 13.

. , J.E. Ware2. , , -, , ; -, . . -- -- , ( : , ). -- -- ( : , , , ). -- -- , ( : , ). -- -- ( : , , , ). -- -- ( : , ). -- -- ( : , , , ). -- -- ( : , , , ). -- -- ( : , , , ). -- -- ,
2 Ware J.E., Kosinski M., Keller S.D. SF-36 Physical and mental health summary scales. A user's manual // The Health Institute. New England Medical Center. Boston, 1994.

14

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3 .: . : , // : / . .. . ., 1994. . 461. 4 : , , . , 1995. . 55.

17

5; - ; , , , . . , / , , 6. -- "" "" 7. , "" . "" . "" , , , . , . -- "" , . , . . , , "" , . , , "" , . "" "" , "" "" . , - , . , -- , ., : . . ., 1993. . 4560. .: . // : , , . . 6368. 7 .: .., .. : // . 1992. 12.
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8 2012 . 22 , 60 . 1500 18 . ±4%.

, . -- , , , ., -- , . , , . , , , . . , . , , . . , () , , (). , , , .
20

21

, , . " " " " . -- . , ( = 0,204). , (31,4%), 1,8 , (56%), 1,3 , (41,9%). , , (68,6%) -- 1,6 , (44%), 1,2 , (58,1%). , , , . , "" . , .. , , ( ), 2012 . 80,9% ( : , , .). , , . 81,58% , .. 0,68% . , , . 82,48% , .. 2,58% 0,9% .
22

77,27% , .. 2,82% , 4,31% 5,21% . , , , , . ( ) 2012 . 71,2% 100%, . , 29% . 71,69% , .. 0,49% . , , , .. . 72,52% , .. 1,32% 0,83% . 68,29% , .. 2,91% , 3,4% 4,23% . , , , , . , ( ), 2012 . 70,3% 100%, . ,
23

, , 30% 100%. 71,45% , .. 1,15% . , , .. , . 70,62% , .. 0,32% 0,83% . 67,58% , .. 2,72% , 3,87% 3,04% . , , , , . ( ) 2012 . 60,8%, .. 39,2% 100%, . 61,79% , .. 1,79% . , , .. , . 61,35% , .. 0,55% 0,44% . 57,85% , .. 3,05% , 3,94% 3,5%
24

. , , , , . , .. ( ), 59,9% 100%, . 60,09% , .. 0,19% . , , .. , . 60,07% , .. 0,17% 0,02% . 59,5% , .. 0,4% , 0,59% 0,57% . , , , , . ( ) 2012 . 69,5% 100%, . , 30% . 69,91% , .. 0,41% . , , .. , . 25

70,62% , .. 1,12% 0,71% . 67,25% , .. 2,25% , 2,66% 3,37% . , , , , . , .. ( ), 2012 . 77,1% 100%, ( ) . 78,59% , .. 1,49% . , , .. , . 77,56% , .. 0,46% 1,03% . 73,35% , .. 3,75% , 5,24% 4,21% . , , , , .
26

( ) 63,4% 100%, . , 37% . 64,03% , .. 0,63% . , , .. , . 62,92% , .. 0,48% 1,11% . 62,09% , .. 1,31% , 1,94% 0,83% . , , , , .. , , . , .. ( ), 2012 . 48,5% 100%. , 50% -- 1,5%. , , , .. . , , . , 27

, , , , , , . , . , , , , . , 2012 . , ( ) , . , , , . . . , 9. , . , . , 10. . , , .. .
4 ? // . . 2012. . : . URL: www//mdp.2012/program/
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11 12

. http://surkov.info/predvybornaya-programma-sergeya-mironova
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14 13

, , . 17 "" , . , , . " ", 2012 ., .. , , , . , 2012 ., , " " "" , . . 63,6% , . "" , . 65,34% , "" , ( 41,6%) . (34,66%) -- , , 9% "" , . "" , , . , " ", "" : ; -- 17

.: . // . 2012. 27 .
31

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; -- , ; -- ; -- , , ; -- , , , . , - , " ", . , , . , , -- . , , , . , "" , (68,7%). , , . , , . " " ( 62,6 61%). , "" , . , . , , , . 12 . . , "" . -- . ,
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, . (37,4%) (39%) , . . "" . "" . -- , . , , , . . . ( ) , . . , . . . , , , , , , . . , , , , -- , , , .. , . , , , , .
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( ), " ", -- , -- " ". , ( ). . , . . - , , . . , . . , , , , . . , . , , , , . "" , . . , , , ( ), , ( ). , , , , , .
34

, . , ( ), -- , ( ). , , , : , , , . , . . , , ; , "" , . , ; , , , , . , ; , , , , , .
35

. . ., 1993 (Aron R. Demokratija i totalitarizm. M., 1993). .., .. : // . 1992. 12 (Knjazeva E.N., Kurdjumov S.P. Sinergetika kak novoe mirovidenie: dialog s Prigozhinym // Voprosy filosofii. 1992. N 2). . : , // : / . .. . ., 1994 (Parsons T. Sistema koordinat dejstvija i obshchaja teorija sistem: kul'tura, lichnost' i mesto social'nih system // Amerikanskaja sociologicheskaja misl': Teksty / Pod red. V.I. Dobren'kova. M., 1994). : , , . , 1995 (Sovremennaja social'naja teorija: Burdie, Giddens, Habermas. Novosibirsk, 1995). .. -- - : V . 17 2002 , -. ., 2002 (Subetto A.I. Kachestvo zhizni i bezopasnost' Rossii -- glavnye funktsii bytija i kriterii sotsial'no-ekonomicheskoj politiki gosudarstva: Doklad na V s'ezde Petrovskoj akademii nauk i iskusstv. 17 oktjabrja 2002 g., Sankt-Peterburg. SPb., 2002). Ware J.E., Kosinski M., Keller S.D. SF-36 Physical and mental health summary scales: a user's manual // The Health Institute. New England Medical Center. Boston, 1994.

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , . ..

1991 . . . , . : , , , , . Since 1991 the capitalist class has been the ruling class in Russia. On the ground of the Russian and foreign statistical analyses we can try to qualify main features of this class. The author highlights seven features of capitalist class, which determine the most important qualities of politics of Russia. Key words: the capitalist class, the big bourgeoisie, the middle bourgeoisie, the petty big bourgeoisie, Russia.

, - , . ( ) . 19801990- . , -, , -, . 1991 . , . , . 1980- ., , , 1991 . .

, e-mail: azrakhmanov@mail.ru
37

, . . , , 1991 ., , . , , , , . . . . (), ( 100 1 .), ( 30 100 .) ( 30 .). , ( 1 .). , Forbes1, 2013 . 122 . Hurun2, 88 . World Ultra wealth report 201220133, 2013 . 1145 30 . 2012 World wealth report, 2011 . 136,4 . 1 . 136,4 . ( , .. 1 .), , , , . , 90120 (), 1000 135 . . ( ), Forbes (. 1). . 1 27 .
The world's billlionaires. The richest people on the planet. URL: http://www.forbes. com/billionaires/ 2 Hurun global rich list 2013. URL: http://www .hurun.net/usen/NewsShow.aspx?nid=418 3 World Ultra wealth report 20122013.
38
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2013 . , 20052012 ., , , , 2013 .
1 2013 . 20052012 ., . 4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2 5,8 0,9 6,1 4,1 1,6 4,7 7 / 4,7 5,1 3,5 3,1 5,6 9,5 1,6 6,3 2,4 1,8 7,8 1 2,1 5,2 0,4 9,5 4,3 4 8,5 3,1 3,3 3,5 0,9 3,1 0,8 3,1 7,2 17,7 18,1 17,6

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0,51 0,82 2,6 7,5

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4 : 200 . URL: http://www.forbes. ru/milliardery

39

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, . 1, . -, . , , Forbes . , , , , , , , - , . , - . -, , . , , . 2004 . , 2005 . -- , 2006 . -- , 20072008 . -- , 2009 . -- , 2010 . -- , 2011 . -- , 20122013 . -- . , , Forbes, . .
40

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5 : ., . // . 2004. 2; The World's billlionaires. The richest people on the planet. URL: http://www.forbes.com/billionaires/ ( 2013).

43

, , . . , , .. , , . , . , , , Forbes. . -- , , , , .. -- , , (- , , ..). -- : , , .. -- , , , . -- , : , , , , .. , , . , , - . , . , , , , - , . , . , .
44

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3 , (2013 .) 15,46 22,4 39,66 13,51 31,82 12,5 32,79 40,0 8,7 9,3 29,17 12,72 14,7 8,62 2,7 9,09 62,5 14,75 5,45 26,08 20,93 4,16 38,18 9,05 1,72 5,41 4,34 8,2 12,73 10,87 4,7 26,36 43,21 37,93 62,16 40,9 45,83 31,15 23,64 36,95 13,95 33,3 11,99 10,34 13,51 18,18 8,33 5,45 13,04 2,32 8,33

. Hurun . : . , . 47 . , , , 2013 . Hurun (. 4).
4 , , (2013 .), Hurun6 88 7 1 7 8 17 1 1 317 2 11 3 1 12 6 1 1 1 11 12 10 1 53 1 3 1 2 4 5 1 4 1 3 33 11 3 1 2 31 3 6 6 1
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: Hurun global rich list 2013.
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49

5 , , , , Hurun ( %) 88 8 21 33 26 % 100 9,1 23,9 37,5 29,5 317 77 60 30 150 % 100 24,4 18,9 9,46 47,3 53 24 14 6 9 % 100 45,3 26,4 11,3 17 33 2 9 3 19 % 100 6,1 27,3 9,1 57,6 31 5 11 7 8 % 100 16,1 35,5 22,6 25,8

Hurun? . 5 , 9,1% , . , Forbes. Hurun, Forbes, , -- 37,5% ( Forbes). , Hurun, , -- , , .. 29,5% . 67% , Forbes. , , , , , -- 24,4, 45,3 16,1% . , . , , , , -- 6,1%. Forbes Hurun ,
50

, , . , . , , . -- , , 1991 . , , . , , . - , , , , . , . , .. , . , , , . , , - . , . . (, ). . , (. 6). . 6
51

2011 ., -- ( 30 .) 2011 ., -- ( 1 .) 2011 ., -- 2012 . , , 2011 2012 .
6 2011 ., 7 101 413 52 32 26 14 115 55 30 14 16 11 38 2011 ., 8 1285 57 860 15 925 10 450 13 000 4400 11 475 8200 4725 725 1400 2900 800 2011 ., 2012 ., . . 9 10 136,4 3068 951 441 1822 404 562 125,5 165 / 144 / / 97 11023 1463 1582 / 2284 964 158 227 104 208 141 84
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,
7 The world's billlionaires. The richest people on the planet. URL: http://www.forbes. com/billionaires/ 8 : World Ultra wealth report 2011, World Ultra wealth report 20122013. 9 : 2012 World Wealth report. Cargemini consulting. Technology. Outsourcing. RBC Wealth management. 10 Global wealth report 2012. Research institute. Thought leadership from Credit Suisse research and the world's foremost experts. P. 43.

, . , .. , , , . , , , , , . , -- . , , . , . 2013 . , , 30 . 52,5 , . , , () , ( 100 . 1 .) , 30 100 . 21- . ( 2013 ., Forbes, 110, 122 ), 30 . , .. , 9,8 ! 2013 . , (55 110 ), 30 . ( ) 6,74 ! 2013 . , (46 110 ) 2,4 , 30 . ( ) . , , , . , , .
53

52

, ( ) , , , , , , . , . . ( ) , -- - -- . , , , . Forbes, 2013 . 84 110 , 76,36% . - 62 442 , 14,02% . 21 122 , 17,21%. - 26 46 , 56,52%. 24 55 , 43,63% . 37 43 , 86,05% . Hurun, 2012 . 76 88 , 86,36% . - 70 409 , 17,11% , -- 40 56 , 71,43%, -- 14 22 , 63,64%, -- 9 61 , 14,75%, -- 23 31 , 74,19%, -- 41 317 , 12,93%, -- 24 53 , 45,28%, - -- 19 33 , 57,58% . , , ..
54

, (), . . 64% , -- 73, -- 49, -- 42, -- 39, -- 21, -- 17, -- 16, - -- 7%11. , -, -, , 13% . , , 30% . , , 30% . , , 26% . , , , . . , . , , , , , . , . . ( ) ( ). , С . , , , - . - , - , 11 World city millionaire rankings. 2013. May. WealthInsight. The WealthInsight intelligence Center database.

55

. , . , . , , , -- , . -, , , , . , . -, . - . , , . -, ( , ), , . . -, . . , , - , . . .
56

-, : 1) 2) . , . , -- . , . -, , , , . , , , , , , , .., , -- . , , . -, , , . , - . . , 1991 .: , , , ..
57

200 . URL: http://www.forbes.ru/ milliardery (200 bogatejshih biznesmenov Rossii. URL: http://www.forbes.ru/ milliardery). Global wealth report 2012. Research institute. Thought leadership from Credit Suisse research and the world's foremost experts. Hurun global rich list 2013. URL: http://www.hurun.net/usen/NewsShow. aspx?nid=418 2012 World Wealth report. Cargemini consulting. Technology. Outsourcing. RBC Wealth management. The world's billlionaires. The richest people on the planet. URL: http:// www.forbes.com/billionaires/ World city millionaire rankings. 2013. May. WealthInsight. The WealthInsight intelligence Center database. World Ultra wealth report 2011. World Ultra wealth report 20122013.

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , . ..

:
, , . , , , . , - , . : , , , , , , . This article describes the problem of social inequality and information, which is not only a technocratic problem, but the problem of cultural view. Cause of the internal complexity of modern society should be considered variety of customs, beliefs, interests and attitudes, according to which people form groups in sociocultural society. This article reflects an information culture that is ready to accept new scientific and technical information presented in the languages of the advanced countries of the world community. Key words: information culture, society, humanization, status, heterogeneity, civilization, science.

XXI . , "" , . . , . , " " . .

, e-mail: ekakorkiya@mail.ru
59

, , () . , , . , , " ", . , , (). , XIX . . , , , , , . , ( ) , . "": "", "" -- "". , , "". , ( , , ) , . , "" -- , ., -- "" " "1. , "" - . , . , , , "", . . , . , , "", ""
A.. // . . . . 2007. . 77. 8. . 78.
60
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.: .., .. . ., 2003. . 71. .. // . 2006. 2. . 15.
3 2

61

. - , , , , . , . ( , , ). , , , . : , , . c, . . , , , , , . . XX ., XXI . , . , , , , . (knowledge based society)4. ,
4

( ) - . - () . . , - , , () . -- -. . , , ( ) () . , - - . , , - . , XX . , , . , , - , 5. , , . , 100 , , , .
5 .: .. // . 1998. 10. . 23.

Oxford concise dictionary of sociology / Ed. by G. Marshall. Oxford; N.Y., 1996. P. 20.

62

63

, , . , ( ) , - , . - , , . , , , - , , . . , , , . , , , , . , , , . -- . , , , . , , , , , . , . , . , , .
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. , , , , . "" , 6. , . ( ) . . , , , . . . . , . . , , . . , , , . , , . , . . , , , . , , . , , 6 .: .. : // . 2004. 1. . 31.

65

. . , , . " "7. - . , , , . - , , , "" . , , . . , , , . -- . , , .. , . . , , . , , . . . . , , , 7 .. : // , . 2004. 5. . 122.

, , , , "" , , , . , , "" , . . , 8. , , , , . , . , .
A.. // . . . . 2007. . 77. 8 (Andreev A.L. Social'noe neravenstvo v obshchestvennom mnenii rossijn // Vestn. Ros. akad. nauk. 2007. T. 77. N 8). .. // . 2006. 2 (Balatskiy E.V. Indeksy social'nogo neravenstva // Monitoring obshchestvennogo mnenij. 2006. N 2). .. // . 1998. 10 (Golenkova Z.T. Dinamika sociostrukturnoy transformacii v Rossii // Sociologicheskie issledovanij. 1998. N 10). .., .. . ., 2003 (Dobren'kov V.I., Kravchenko A.I. Sociologij. M., 2003). .. : // , . 2004. 5 (Zaslavskaj T.I. Sovremennoe rossiyskoe obshchestvo: problemy i perspektivy // Obshchestvo, nauka i sovremennost'. 2004. N 5). .. . ., 2002 (Lokosov V.V. Transformacij rossiyskogo obshchestva. M., 2002). .. : // . 2004. 1 (Shkaratan O.I. Social'noe rassloenie v sovremennoy Rossii: drama raskolotogo obshchestva // Mir Rossii. 2004. N 1). Oxford concise dictionary of sociology / Ed. by G. Marshall. Oxford; N.Y., 1996.
8

.: .. . ., 2002. . 17.
67

66

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , .
..

, " ... ", " ", " () , ". : , , . Based on this study the author concludes that "the latent and open social tensions... in Russian society today is quite high", "clearly defined trend towards further improving it", and to the deterioration of the social situation in the country and rising social tensions it "could lead to a sharp (abrupt) increase in overt signs of social tensions and the development of its pre-crisis aside, and then the crisis situation". Key words: social tensions, contemporary Russian society, the pre-crisis state of society.

-- , -- , , , , , . (, , , , ) , . . , ( ), (.. ) ,

, . -- ( ) ( ). -- . -- , . , , , . , , , . , . , 2011 1. Global wealth report, Credit Suisse. , 2011 . 2012 ., , ( ). , , ( 100 ) 30% , 2% . 2012 . 1950 , 50 . : 1550 , -- 1500. 50 . -- 40 . . -- 22 . . - ( ) 12,8 . . -- , 1990- ., , . , 1 .: . . 24.10.2012. URL: rodon.org>society-121024145302 ( : 13.09.13).

, e-mail: oseev.a@mail.ru

68

69

2. , , . , , 3, , 15 . , 75% 24,5 . . , , 2011 . 4 0,42, "" 52- -' (0,415), (0,413), (0,424) (0,425). : 2000 . 0,395, 1995 . -- 0,387, 1980- . 0,28. , - , , . , ( , ), (0,707 -- 1- ) (0,65 -- 2- ), , , , , . , 1991 . 0,260 (26%), 1997 . -- 0,375 (37,5), 2001 . -- 0,399 (39,9), 2010 . -- 0,420 (42%). - , 60 70% , -- 4042% . : , , 0,23 0,248 , -- 0,268. 29 2013 . , , 2 .: .., .. ( " "). ., 2013. . 918. 3 . "Svargaman" 06.04.2013. . URL: http://kprf.ru/roscrisis/117142.html 4 -- - . : 01.

"": " ( ) -- 1516"5. , . . : , , , 6. , , . - : . , . , . , . , , , . . , . , .. . - , , (. ). ( - ) , , , - , , , , -- , , .
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.: . . ., 2000. . 6079; . // : . , 2007. . 367382. 8 .: .. . ., 2000; / . .. . , 1990; .. . . ., 1998. . 103, 111; / . .. , .. . /, 1999. 9 .: .. : . ., 2007. . 196198.
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.: .. . . . 103, 111. .: .. , // . 2008. 8. URL: regionsar.ru>node/153 ( : 14.09.13).
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12 .: .., .., .. . URL: ecsocman.hse.ru>data/2011/10/21...Baranova.pdf ( : 19.12.13); .

, . -- , , 2326 2013 ., . 1601 18 130 45 . . 19972004, 20062009 ., 2012 . , , , , , : (. 24).
1 , ( ) , ( % ) , 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 40 43 17 43 40 17 31 52 17 16 67 17 21 67 12 19 69 12 21 61 18 19 68 13

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13 . 1 2 : . : -. 2004. URL: levada.ru>new...protestnaya-aktivnost-rossiyan

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14 : . 1314 2009 . . URL: http://wciom.ru/novosti/press-vypuski/press-vypusk/ single/12094.html 15 www.wciom.ru 16 . , 12 2013 . URL: news.mail.ru 17 . -: -. 2004. URL: levada.ru>new...protestnaya-aktivnost-rossiyan

, : " ?" -- (1019%), , (. 4, 5). -- 8 2013 ., . , 50% 30% . , : 15% 30%, .. . .. - , . , - 2013 ., .. , . . - 2326 2013 . 1601 18 130 45 . 3,4%. " "18, . 60% . 75% , . : 1. , , 44% . 17% . 4% " ". 2. 4% . 28% , 18 . 2013.11.09. URL: http://www.nr2.ru/moskow/459416.html ( : 13.09.13).

76

2009

77

519

2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012

(" ", " " ..)?

13.12.2013. . 2326 2012. URL: www.wciom.ru

. 41% 21% " ". 3. . , . 35% , 15% . 4. , , , . 36% 39%. 18% , 4% . , () ( , , ) , . , : () , .
13.12.2013. . 2326 2012 (13.12.2013. Protestnaja aktivnost' rossijan. Opros VCIOM proveden 2326 nojabrja 2012). .., .., .. . URL: ecsocman.hse.ru>data/2011/10/ 21...Baranova.pdf ( : 19.12.13) (Barabanov G.B., Frolov V.A., Kondarshin A.V. Osobennosti social'noj naprjazhennosti v regionah Rossii. URL: ecsocman.hse.ru>data/2011/10/21...Baranova.pdf (data obrashchenija: 19.12.13)). .. , // . 2008. 8. URL: regionsar.ru>node/153 ( : 14.09.13) (Golovanov A.V. Osobennosti, indikatory i monitoring social'noj naprjazhennosti obshchestva perehodnogo perioda v regione // Regionologija. 2008. N 8. URL: regionsar.ru>node/153 (data obrashchenija: 14.09.13)). .. . ., 2002 (Dmitriev A.V. Konfliktologija. M., 2002). .., .. ( " "). ., 2013 (Dobren'kov V.I., Ispravnikova N.I. Piramida upushchennyh vozmozhnostej (rossijskaja versija "kapitalizma dlja svoih"). M., 2013).
79

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14 22 21 16 14 23 19 14 15 14 21

22

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.. . ., 2000 (Zajcev A.K. Social'nyj konflikt. M., 2000). . . ., 2000 (Kozer L. Funkcii social'nogo konflikta. M., 2000). . // : . , 2007. . 367382 (Kozer L. Vrazhdebnost' i naprjazhennost' v konfliktnyh otnoshenijah // Psihologija delovyh konfliktov: Hrestomatija. Samara, 2007. S. 367382). .. : . ., 2007 (Kozyrev G.I. Osnovy konfliktologii: Uchebnik. M., 2007). . . 24.10.2012. URL: rodon.org>society-121024145302 ( : 13.09.13) (Konjuhov O. Social'noe rassloenie v Rossii stavit rekordy. 24.10.2012. URL: rodon.org> society-121024145302 (data obrashchenija: 13.09.13)). . 2013.11.09. URL: http://www.nr2.ru/moskow/459416.html ( : 13.09.13) (Novyj region. 2013.11.09. URL: http://www.nr2. ru/moskow/459416.html (data obrashchenija: 13.09.13)). : . 1314 2009 . . URL: http://wciom.ru/ novosti/press-vypuski/press-vypusk/single/12094.html (Protestnaja aktivnost' rossijan: dannye VCIOM. Iniciativnyj vserossijskij opros VCIOM proveden 1314 ijunja 2009 g. Vserossijskij centr izuchenija obshchestvennogo mnenija. URL: http://wciom.ru/novosti/press-vypuski/press-vypusk/single/12094.html) . -: -. 2004. URL: levada.ru>new...protestnaya-aktivnost-rossiyan (Protestnaja aktivnost' rossijan. Levada-Centr: Press-vypuski. 2004. URL: levada.ru>new...protestnayaaktivnost-rossiyan). . , 12 2013 . URL: news.mail.ru (Protestnyj potencial rossijan snizhen. VCIOM, 12 ijulja 2013 g. URL: news.mail.ru). . URL: http://kprf.ru/roscrisis/117142.html (Rassloenie obshchestva v Rossii. URL: http://kprf.ru/roscrisis/117142.html). / . .. . , 1990 (Social'nyj konflikt na proizvodstve / Pod red. A.K. Zajceva. Kaluga, 1990). .. . . ., 1998 (Utkin Je.A. Konfliktologija. Teorija i praktika. M., 1998). / . .. , .. . /, 1999 (Jekonomika i sociologija truda / Pod red. B.Ju. Serbinovskogo, V.A. Chulanova. Rostov n/D, 1999). www.interfax.ru. 2013. 29 . www.wciom.ru

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , ., . ..
, , . . - , . : , , , , , , . The article considers the complex of problems of the analysis of the economic stratification of the population, structured causes differentiation by income, especially due stratification and economic growth. Shows the forms of state influence on poverty reduction and alignment of social differentiation. Presents measures of socio-economic policy aimed at solving a number of problems in the segment of social stratification. Key words: economic differentiation, the level of poverty, economic growth, taxation, inflation, sources of income, the economic borders of the middle class.

. -- , , -- , " " " "1. . , . ,

1

, e-mail: gosypravlenie@mail.ru .. . ., 2008.
81

, . - , 60- . . XX . - , , , , . 5070% , 45% , . (. 1).
1 ( %)2 2009 2008 2008 2008 2009 2009 14,5 13,5 14,8 15,7 20,5 10,7 9,2 13,1 11,1 13,4 15,8 10,1 45,6 40,8 41,3 33,5 21,1 25,0 69,3 67,4 67,2 62,6 57,4 45,8

, 41%, 1,51,7 , . - 1990- . . , . " ", , , , , , . , , , , (. 2).
2 ( .)3 : , , 59 195,0 28 900,5 25 671,0 26 353,8 27 659,5 31 444,1 58 999,2 30 925,8 18 995,3 20 640,7 2012 . 26 628,9 50 400,6

, -- . : , , -- . 13% , , 2

. ., 2012.

3

(http://www.gks.ru).
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82

, , . , , , . , . , 2000- ., . , (. 3).
3 4 ( %) ( , ) 2000 110,0 13,9 2005 106,4 15,2 2008 105,2 16,8 2010 104,0 16,5 2011 104,3 16,2

, , . . ( U- ), XX . , , , , . , . . -, , , . , . -,
4

, , , , , . -, , - , , . , , (. 4). "" "" , , " " . , , ( , ). . -, 1 . Boston Consulting Group, 180 . , , " ", , .
4 5 %: ( .) 25 244,0 28 697,5 32 498,3 35 648,7 39 318,2 10,2 9,5 8,9 8,9 8,5 , - 68,4 67,3 65,2 65,6 66,2 13,2 14,8 17,7 18,3 18,2 6,2 6,4 6,2 5,2 5,1 2,0 2,0 2,0 2,0 2,0

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

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. , . , . , , . . , . , , . 3550 . . . 100 . . ( 2013 .) , Global Economic Prospects, . 2084 . . , . 5.
5 ( 2013 .) 75 000100 000 18 60075 000 500018 600 07400 , ( %) 4,7 52,7 42,5 8

, 4,7%, -- 52,7, -- 42,5%. " ", .. , , 8% . , , . -,
86

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87

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, . , . , - .
7 % 8 () 2000 61,4 59,7 2005 14,2 68,0 2006 9,0 67,6 2007 7,2 64,9 2008 6,5 66,3 2009 8,3 73,5 2010 9,3 83,2

103,4 100,0 52,4 37,8 59,3 37,8 27,4 43,0

106,1 105,4 110,7 127,1 142,8 32,1 24,8 39,6 27,5 25,0 36,1 34,5 44,4 39,8 41,8 65,6 53,3 43,6 96,2 60,1

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- , . . . , . , . 2013 . 8

.
91

, , -- . , 2012 ., - 2030 .9 , , , . ( ) , , , , , . 25 , 2020 . , . , 17 2011 ., -- . 8 . , . : . , , , . , , . . , , , , , , . , , "" 2030 . 2020 . " ". . -, . -, , , ,

, . 2030 . , . , , , , , , , 1,52 . , , , , , .. .
. ., 2012 (Rossija i strany mira. M., 2012). .. . ., 2008 (Sorokin P.A. Sistema sociologii. M., 2008). http://www.economy.gov.ru/minec/main http://www.gks.ru

9

http://www.economy.gov.ru/minec/main

92

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , ., . ..
. , , . ( ) ( ). ( ) , . , . : , , , , , , . Social inequality has a lot of reasons. One of them is managerial. Managerial duties are paid so high that it set the stage for discontent not only within individual organizations, but also entire countries. The principles (the people in the state and shareholders in the corporation) because the specific structure of their competencies can't totally control agents (officials and managers). As to agents, the moral imperative to act for the good of the social system and reputation considerations (to be remembered as a good ruler or a genius manager) can easily rejected when there is an opportunity to make millions dollars without special efforts. As a result hundreds thousands of people across the globe in the corporate and government structures are enriched through specific solutions to the principalagent problem, and social inequality becomes an integral inevitable part of the modern economy. Key words: social inequality, corporate governance, corruption, division of power, principalagent problem, motivation, control.

. -- /, /, /, --

. , . , , . , , , , , . , . , . , . . 1 , . , , "... ". , . , . , , . , , . . , , . , , - . : . , . , , .
1 , .

, e-mail: barkserg@live.ru

94

95

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3 . , . - - . , . . . , -. - , . -- , ().

.. . ., 2003. . 195.

96

97

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4 .: . . ., 1996. . 3742. 5 . // .: 3 . 3. ., 1998. . 347. .

" , , "6. .. , . , " ", (), .. , ? , , ( ) , ( ) , , , , . ( ) ( ) , . , . , . , , - ( ), . , 7, , . , , -- . , , 19601970- . , . -- - -- , .
.. . ., 1955. . 298. () , . , (.: .., .., .. // . 2004. 4).
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98

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. 1. ()

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102

, , . . . - . 2. , , , ( ). . , , . , (), "" "" : " -. , . !" , .

. 2. -

, , , , , - . , . -, , . -,
103

, . , . . . -, , ( , ), , , . , . , "" . . , - . . XXI ., , , . " " , . , : " ". , . . , , 2013 . , "" , " ", . . , . : 1) , , 2) . , , : ( , ), , .
104

. , , , (, , ) ( ). . -- , "" -- . . , . , , , ( ). , , , , .. , ? . , , , .., . , , . , , , , , , , . . , : , . . " " .
105

, . , , , , 8. . , , . -, , , . , : , , -- , . -, , . , . , ( , , ..). -, , , "", , , " ": . . , , , . . .
8 , . , - . . . , , .

, .
.., .., .. // . 2004. 4 (Ivashkovskaja I.V., Konstantinov G.N., Filonovich S.R. Stanovlenie korporacii v kontekste zhiznennogo cikla organizacii // Rossijskij zhurnal menedzhmenta. 2004. N 4). . // .: 3 . . 3. ., 1998 (Lokk Dzh. Dva traktata o pravlenii // Soch.: V 3 t. T. 3. M., 1998). .. . ., 1955 (Montesk'e Sh.L. Izbrannye proizvedenija. M., 1955). .. . ., 2003 (Shafarevich I.R. Socializm kak javlenie mirovoj istorii. M., 2003). . . ., 1996 (Sheldon G. Politicheskaja filosofija Tomasa Dzheffersona. M., 1996). Duoma S., Schreuder H. Economic approaches to organizations. Prentice Hall, 2002.

106

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , ., . . ..
, . : , , , , , . The author examines the relationships between institution of family and other social institutions, particularly she analyzes the inequality between the family and state institutions in contemporary society. Key words: family, state, the crisis of the family, family and demographic policy, global problems, inequality.

. , , -- . , . , , 1. -, . , , . , , , . 2002 . 145,17 2 142,9 3, ..
, e-mail: alena_n_@mail.ru; nauka@socio.msu.ru 2025 . 9 2007 . 1351. URL: http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/knigi/koncepciya/koncepciya25.html 2 2002 . 1. . . URL: http://www.perepis2002.ru/index.html?id=13 3 2010 . 1. . . URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_ itogi1612.htm
1

2 260 . . , . : , ! , , . . , , , . , , , 4. , , . -- . " , , , "5. , . 7 , -- , , 6. , -- . , , , . , , , , . " ,
. , : : / . .. . ., 2004; : - / . .. . ., 2010. 5 .. . URL: http://feb-web.ru/feb/lomonos/texts/lo0/lo6/lo6-381-.htm 6 . ., 2013.
109
4

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7 .., .., .. : . . , 2006. . 140. 8 . : http://www.kakskazal.ru/quotes/20415/ 9 , , IX. 10 , , , , (. : . -- . URL: http://demographia.ru/articles_N/index.html?idR=59&idArt= 2188).

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. 1. , ( %) : SuperJob.ru. URL: http://www. superjob.ru/community/life/13667/

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"16. , , . , , , , " " , , , . - , .. , , , . " , , , , -- . -- , , "17. 3 , . , , , . , , , . , , -- , , 18. 66% , 28 -- , .. 94% , 19. , , . , , . .
16 . // . 2010. 6. 17 .. -- // . 2005. 17. 18 .: . : . (" -- , ") // . 2010. 21 . URL: http://www.chaskor.ru/article/chajldfri_bez_paniki_-_sotsiologicheskij_ vzglyad_17446 19 . URL: http://www.sorokinfond.ru/index.php?id=899

. 3. (19912001) (20012003) : European health for all database (HFA-DB). World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. URL: http://www.euro.who.int/en/data-and-evidence/ databases/european-health-for-all-database-hfa-db

. " ", " ", " " -- , . , , -- , , -- . , , , , , , , , . , . , , , . "" , . « , , -- , "" . , , , ""»20. "", " " -- , 20 .. : ? URL: www .demoscope. ru/weekly/2003/0109/analit05.php

114

115

. "" , - . , . . . " ... , ... , -- ... , , "21. , , . : , " " . , " . , "22. , . , , , , , , 23. : , , . , , , , , , . " , , , . -- , ,
21 . . URL: www.k-istine.ru/morals/uvenal_ justice/uvenal_justice_benediktov.htm 22 . 23 . .: .. : . ., 2002.

, , , , ... , , ( ) - . . "24. , , , -- , . " - ... , "25. , , , . , : ? , . , , , , , , -- .
. // . 2010. 6 (Andrjushchenko Ja. Vlijanie material'nyh uslovij zhizni na rozhdaemost' i problemy demograficheskoj politiki // Demograficheskie issledovanija. 2010. N 6). .., .., .. : . . , 2006 (Anikevich A.G., Kamyshev E.I., Nenin M.N. Politologija: Ucheb. posobije. Krasnojarsk, 2006). .. : ? URL: http:// www.demoscope.ru (Antonov A.I. Krizis svobody: gosudarstvo vzamen sem'i? URL: http://www.demoscope.ru). .
24 .. -- // . 2005. 17. 25 -- . URL: http://www.ruslife. ru/patrol/addins/42.smx

116

117

. URL: www.k-istine.ru/morals/uvenal_ justice/uvenal_justice_ benediktov.htm (Apologety juvenal'noj justicii namereny polnost'ju postavit' sem'ju pod kontrol' gosudarstva. Beseda s professorom Anatoliem Ivanovichem Antonovym. URL: www.k-istine.ru/morals/uvenal_ justice/uvenal_justice_ benediktov.htm). . URL: http://www.sorokinfond.ru/index. php?id=899 (Vesti s semejnogo fronta. URL: http://www.sorokinfond.ru/index. php?id=899). -- . URL: http:// www.ruslife.ru/patrol/addins/42.smx (Demograficheskij krizis ser'eznaja ugroza Rossii. URL: http://www.ruslife.ru/patrol/addins/42.smx). .. -- // . 2005. 17 (Dobren'kov V.I. Slabaja sem'ja -- slaboe gosudarstvo // Rossijskaja Federacija segodnja. 2005. N 17). . . . URL: http://lito.ru/text/60132 (Komissarenko A. Sem'ja. Matrica. URL: http://lito.ru/text/60132). . ., 2013 (Konstitucija Rossijskoj Federacii. M., 2013). .. . URL: http://feb-web.ru/feb/lomonos/texts/lo0/lo6/lo6-381-.htm (Lomonosov M.V. O sohranenii i razmnozhenii rossijskogo naroda. URL: http://feb-web. ru/feb/lomonos/texts/lo0/lo6/lo6-381-.htm). . : . (" -- , ") // . 2010. 21 . URL: http://www.chaskor.ru/article/chajldfri_bez_ paniki_-_sotsiologicheskij_vzglyad_17446 (Selivirova E. Chajldfri: bez paniki. Sociologicheskij vzgljad ("Rabota dlja menja -- bolee interesnaja igrushka, chem rebjonok") // Chastnyj correspondent. 2010. 21 maja. URL: http://www. chaskor.ru/article/chajldfri_bez_paniki_-_sotsiologicheskij_vzglyad_17446). -- , ? URL: http://www.smsobor.ru/ milk/4431.html (Sem'ja -- dlja gosudarstva, ili naoborot? URL: http://www. smsobor.ru/milk/4431.html). .. : . ., 2002 (Tojnbi A.Dzh. Civilizacija pered sudom istorii: Sb. M., 2002).

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , . .. : , ,
. , - , , , . , . , , , . . : , , , , , , , , . The paper examines the problems of social inequality in the era of globalization. Globalization is leading to major changes in the socio-political sphere that directly affect, albeit to varying degrees, all members of the international community. One of the most disturbing trends is that increased globalization is not accompanied by political integration or reduction of global imbalances in respect of wealth and power. It is proved that the ideology of globalism, supported by agents of globalization, violates the sovereignty, the thin fabric of equality, democracy and pluralism in many countries of the world community. The examples of different kinds of equality, caused by the global expansion of Western patterns of social behavior and neo-liberal values, are presented. Sociology possibilities in softening of an existing inequality are considered. Key words: social inequality, era of globalization, ideology of globalism, agents of globalism, institutions of globalism, neo-liberal values, global inequality, regional characteristics of global inequality, sociology.

, e-mail: RASRSS@mail.ru
119

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, , , -- , . , , . , ( "") . " " " , " .. , , , . , (16321704) " " (15881653), . . , "" , , ( ) . , , "", .. , . « "" , , , "" »4. . , : ", , , "5. 1 . // . , , . ., 1992. . 304. 2 ., . : . ., 1995. . 295. 3 Crone J. How can we solve social problems? Thousand Oaks, 2007. P 47. . 4 . // . .: 3 . 3. ., 1988. . 159. . 5 . . 188.

", (. -- ..) ", , , . , , , . , , , , , , , . - , . " " , . , , , . , . , , , , , .. , , . " " "" ( . ) : 6. , 7. , , . 6 7

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11 .. // . , 2003. . 91. 12 .: .. // . 2006. 7. . 40.

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13 : . : // . 2003. 1. 14 , .: Moghadam V.M. Fundamentalism and the woman question in Afghanistan // Fundamentalism in Comparative Perspective / Ed. by L. Kaplan. Amherst, 1992; Ruthven M. Fundamentalism. The search for meaning. N.Y., 2005. .: Howland . The challenge of religious fundamentalism to the liberty and equality of rights of women: an analysis under the United Nations charter // Columbia Journal of Transnational Law. 1997. N 35; Rose S.D. Christian fundamentalism: patriarchy, sexuality, and human rights // Religious Fundamentalisms and the Human Rights of Women / Ed. by C. Howland. N.Y., 1999. 15 .. // : : 2 . . 1. ., 2005. . 3.

, -- , , . , 16. - , , , . , , , , , , . , . , 17. . , " ". , , , , , . , , . 18. ( ), . : .. XXI : II . 30 -- 2 2003 . ., 2003. . 6. 17 Bowel T. Hegemony and bifurcation points in world history // The Future of Global Conflict. N.Y., 2002. P. 282. 18 Steger M. Globalization. N.Y., 2003. P 97. .
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; . , , , , (" "23), " ". " " , 24. , , , . . , , . , . , , , , , : , , . " " , ( ), , . : ", , , , , , , . , . , , , . , - , , , , . , "25. . " ". , , , , , . :
. . . ., 1998. . 12. . . 108. 25 . // ., . . .; , 2003. . 113. ( . . II).
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127

, " ", "" "laissez-faire". , , . , . , . , . " , . , , , . , - , -- , ". , , " , , . -- , . , , -- "26. , 27, , , , , (, ), , , . -- (), (), (), .
26 . , // ., . . . . 142144. 27 .: .. // .. . ., 2010. . 327368.

1944 . - ( -, ) , , . , , , , - 28. . " -- ", , . , . , " ". -- , , , " ". , , , - . - , . " ", " ". "" , , () -- . " " . , , , , : « " 28 Article I -- purposes. Articles of agreement of the International monetary fund // Site of International Monetary Fund. URL: www.imf.org

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129

", . , . , , , , (, ), -- . . : , , . , , . , : , -- "". , »29. , , , . , , , , , . , , , 30. . , . , , 31. "" ,
29 Rodrik D. The rush to free trade in the developing world: why so late? Why now? Will it last? // Voting for Reform: Democracy, Political Liberalization and Economic Adjustment / Ed. by St. Haggard, St.B. Webb. N.Y., 1994. P. 8182. 30 ., , : Kozul-Wright R., Rayment P. The resistible rise of market fundamentalism: rethinking development policy in an unbalanced world. L.; N.Y., 2007. 31 .: .. : . ., 2003. . 104.

, . . , " ", « , , , -- , , " "», 32. , , , " ". "-" (Mont Pelerin Society), 1947 . . 36 , . " -, , , , "33. "" (Institute of economic affairs), . -- " , , , , , , , , "34. 1973 . "" (Heritage foundation) -- , " ", , , , . , , , , " . ". ""
.: . . . ., 2009. . 19. , .: http:// www.montpelerin.org 34 .: http://www.iea.org.uk
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" ", , , , 35. , , . , ( , ) . -- . , , , , , , , , , , , . , « 10% 90% . " " (, ..), . , , , »36. () , , () , , . , ( , , , ) , С , . , , , . . , , -- , , . .: http://www.heritage.org 36 Kerbo H.R. World poverty: global inequality and the modern world system. Boston, 2006. P. 3334.
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Shiva V. India divided: diversity and democracy under attack. N.Y., 2005. Friedman T.L. Globalization, alive and well // New York Times. 2002. 22 Sept. Shiva V. India divided... . 74. Ibid. P. 75.
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, , , 41. . . , , . , , , 42. . , 1997 . , , 160 000 43. -- , -, . , . , , "" (Monsanto). , , , 44. , , . , . , , , . , 1877 . , , 1627 ( - 3900 ), 100 200 , 45.
Ibid. P. 78. Ibid. P. 101. 43 http://www .project-syndicate.org/commentary/harvest-of-suicide/russian. 2009. 1 May ( : 2013). 44 Ibid. 45 , . (Vinayak P. Access to health care in India. The equity concerns. Governance and poverty. Contemporary policy reforms in India. N.Y., 2004).
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, , , " "46. : , , . , , 47. . , , . , , " ; , , , , , "48. , , , , . , , . "" , . , " "49, , , 50, . . : " . . , 1989 ., , 2 . 1998 . 23,8 , 2 . . 4 . , 40 "51.
46 47 48 49 50 51

Shiva V. Op. cit. P. 102. Ibid. P. 78. Ibid. P. 74. . . . . 321340. . ., 2000. . 115. .. : . . 187.
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. . . , . 52. , . , , . , , 53. 90- . . , . . , . , , , . 2012 . 3,380 . ( -- 15,684 , -- 12,47 , -- 4,794 , -- 4,49 ). , , , , , . "" 54. -- . , 90- . . 2,5 55. , , 2013 ., 62 679 ., -- 31 505 ., -- 11 894 . ( 7000 . )56. -- , . 20%
. . 188. . . 225. 54 .: . 5- // . 2013. 22 . . 6. 55 .: . : // . 2003. 1. 56 // . 2013. 5 . . 12.
53 52

20% 16,2 . , , , 6,9, -- 5,6, 7,557. -- . (), , . . , " , , "58. , , . . , , , . , , . , , . , , , . , , , , , , . , , -- , , , .. . , , . 57 58

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? ? ? , - , , . , , , , , , " , "60.
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60

Crone J. Op. cit. . 45.
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. 5- // . 2013. 22 (Ugodnikov K. 5-e mesto // Itogi. 2013. 22 ijulja). // . 2013. 5 (Uzhasy nashih gorodkov // Itogi. 2013. 5 avgusta). . . . ., 1998 (Fridmen M. Cenovye orientiry. Esli by den'gi zagovorili. M., 1998). . , // ., . . .; , 2003. ( . . II) (Fridmen M. Svoboda, ravenstvo i jegalitarizm // Fridmen M., Hajek F. O svobode. M.; Cheljabinsk, 2003. (Filosofija svobody. Vyp. II)). . . ., 2012 (Hajek F. Doroga k rabstvu. M., 2012). . // ., . . .; , 2003. ( . . II). (Hajek F. O svobode // Fridmen M., Hajek F. O svobode. M.; Cheljabinsk, 2003. (Filosofija svobody. Vyp. II)). . : . ., 2005 (Shtompka P. Sociologija: analiz sovremennogo obshhestva. M., 2005). .. // .. . ., 2010. . 327368 (Chelishhev V.I. Jekonomicheskij fundamentalizm // Chelishhev V.I. Fundamentalizm i fundamentalisty. M., 2010. S. 327368). .. // . 2006. 7 (Jaroshenko S.S. Chetyre sociologicheskih ob'jasnenija bednosti // Sociologicheskie issledovanija. 2006. N 7). Article I -- purposes. Articles of agreement of the International monetary fund // Site of International Monetary Fund. URL: www.imf.org Berger P.L., Kellner H. Sociology reinterpreted: an essay on method and vocation. Garden City; N.Y., 1981. Bourdieu P. Metier de sociologue. P., 1968. Bowel T. Hegemony and bifurcation points in world history // The Future of Global Conflict. N.Y., 2002. Chang H.-J. Globalisation, economic development and the role of the state. L., 2003. Crone J. How can we solve social problems? Thousand Oaks, 2007. Friedman T.L. Globalization, alive and well // New York Times. 2002. 22 Sept. Howland . The challenge of religious fundamentalism to the liberty and equality of rights of women: an analysis under the United Nations charter // Columbia Journal of Transnational Law. 1997. N 35. http://www.heritage.org http://www.iea.org.uk http://www.montpelerin.org http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/harvest-of-suicide/russian. 2009. 1 May ( : 2013 .). Jessop . Liberalism, neoliberalism and urban governance: a state-theoretical perspective // Antipode. 2002. N 34/2. P. 452472. Kerbo H.R. World poverty: global inequality and the modern world system. Boston, 2006. Kozul-Wright R., Rayment P. The resistible rise of market fundamentalism: rethinking development policy in an unbalanced world. L.; N.Y., 2007.
140

Moghadam V.M. Fundamentalism and the woman question in Afghanistan // Fundamentalism in Comparative Perspective / Ed. by L. Kaplan. Amherst, 1992. Ritzer G. Sociological theory. McGraw-Hill, 2000. Rodrik D. The rush to free trade in the developing world: why so late? Why now? Will it last? // Voting for Reform: Democracy, Political Liberalization and Economic Adjustment / Ed. by St. Haggard, St.B. Webb. N.Y., 1994. Rose S.D. Christian fundamentalism: patriarchy, sexuality, and human rights // Religious Fundamentalisms and the Human Rights of Women / Ed. by C. Howland. N.Y., 1999. Ruthven M. Fundamentalism. The search for meaning. N.Y., 2005. Shiva V. India divided: diversity and democracy under attack. N.Y., 2005. Steger M. Globalization. N.Y., 2003. Vinayak P. Access to health care in India. The equity concerns. Governance and poverty. Contemporary policy reforms in India. N.Y., 2004.

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , .
..

-- , . , , , , , -- . , , . : , , , , , , , . Article is dedicated to analysis of international organizations and transnational unions in economic development of the three regions -- European Union, Near East, Latin America. Process of economic and cultural integration, spreading throughout the last three decades, has led to emergence of the new social picture of the world in which inequality is seen not through separate societies but in global perspective -- as the inequality between countries and regions. International organizations, that implement coordinating and integrating functions, are the core elements in understanding the process of transnational differentiation. Key words: social inequality, international organizations, globalization, macroeconomics, financial market, European Union, Near East, Latin America.

, . . , . , ,

, . , 1990- ., - , . , . , , . , , , , . , , . , , . , , , . , , . -- . -- , . . , , 1. ,
1

, e-mail: baggio-18@yandex.ru

Chomsky N. Hopes and prospects. L., 2010. P. 76.
143

142

"" - , ( , ). , , , -- . . 1993 . () , , 23% . , , , . , , , 1992 . . , , -- . , , , 40 . -- -- -- . , . 1999 2000 . 19%, -- 43, -- 36, -- 31%. , 2008 ., . , , . , , , , . , . ,
144

, . : , . 2012 . 55,3%, -- 53,2, -- 43, -- 37,7, -- 35,3%. 14 28 -- 1425 25%2. "Los Indignados" (""), , , . , 1960- ., , . -, , -- , , , , , - .. -, -- -. XXI . 45 , 60 , 3. - , , , , -- . , 1990- . 1,5 . 49 33% 1997 . 27 16% 2008 .4 , 1990- . . ,
2 Eurostat. Youth Unemployment. URL: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_ explained/index.php/Youth_unemployment 3 Eurostat. Population and social conditions // Statistics in focus. URL: http://epp. eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-11-034/EN/KS-SF-11-034-EN.PDF 4 Norris P. Democratic deficits. Cambridge, 2011. P 95. .

145

19901993 . 40% , 45 -- , 48 -- 78% , 20052008 . 27, 18, 21 13% 5. , . , , " " " ". : (), , . , 2010 ., . , . 516,4 , , . 3,7 .6, 2008 . , , 2013 . 3,2% 5,7% 2012 .7 , -- (). , 35% 8, 36% 5 Teixeira P., Freire A. Decline, transformation and trust in parliaments: the Portuguese case in a longitudinal and comparative perspective // RIEL. Belo Horizonte. 2010. N 1. P. 28. URL: http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br/ojs/index.php/riel/article/viewFile/4124/2877 6 . 2013. URL: http://data.worldbank.org 7 Economic growth moderates across middle East. IMF Survey. 21.05.2013. URL: http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2013/car052113a.htm 8 " "? 28.12.2011. URL: http://inoforum.ru/ inostrannaya_pressa/vozmozhen_li_tretij_neftyanoj_shok/

( 2012 . 65 .9). , -- (). , . , (, , ), -- . , , . : 1970- . 1980- ., . 1992 . , . 2000- . 1980- . , ( 25%, )10, . , . , , , . , , , :
9 $65 . 13.03.12. URL: http://news.iran.ru/news/78940/ 10 Global youth unemployment set to rise, UN warns. CBC News. 2013.08.05. URL: http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/story/2013/05/08/business-global-youth-unemployment-un.html

146

147

. , , 80 ., -- 110 .11 , , , . , . 1,85 ( 250 .) 12. , . () . , . -- -- " " , , , -- , . , . () , . . , . , , , . , . , , 11 12

. , -- - . , . () . , . , , . " " , . 1998 . 14 , , , , , , , , " ", , . , 19801990- . . " " , , . , : 3%, , , 6,4%13. ,
13 ECLAC and ILO predict that unemployment will fall again to 6,4% in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2012. URL: http://www.eclac.cl/cgi-bin/getProd.asp?xml=/prensa/ noticias/comunicados/2/48272/P48272.xml&xsl=/prensa/tpl-i/p6f.xsl&base=/tpl/topbottom.xsl

Special report: the Arab Spring // The Economist. 2013.13.07. Ibid.

148

149

- , . , 1960- -- 1970- . . , " ", -- , . ( , , ) , 1990- . . , , , 30%14. , : 50% 39% 31% 15, : 2000- . 54%. - . " ", , . , , , . , . -- (), () . , Latin America: middle class hits historic high. The World Bank. 2012.13.11. URL: http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2012/11/13/crecimiento-clase-mediaamerica-latina 15 Ortiz I., Cummins M. Global inequality: beyond the bottom billion. UNICEF N.Y., . 2012. P. 26. URL: http://www.unicef.org/socialpolicy/files/Global_Inequality_REVISED__5_July.pdf
150
14

2012 . , , . , 1990- ., , , (, , , ) , : , . , , , . , , , . -- , , , . , , . , . , . . , . , , , . . ,
151

. , , , . : , , . , , , , . , , , , , . , . " " , . , . , . . , , , , . , , -- , -- .
" "? 28.12.2011. URL: http://inoforum. ru/inostrannaya_pressa/vozmozhen_li_tretij_neftyanoj_shok/ (Vozmozhen li tretij "neftjanoj shok"? 28.12.2011. URL: http://inoforum.ru/inostrannaya_pressa/ vozmozhen_li_tretij_neftyanoj_shok/).
152

. 2013. URL: http://data.worldbank.org (Dannije Vsemirnogo Banka. 2013. URL: http://data.worldbank.org). $65 . 13.03.12. URL: http://news.iran.ru/news/78940/ (Zapasy nefti i gaza shesti stran Persidskogo zaliva oceneny v $65 trln. 13.03.12. URL: http://news. iran.ru/news/78940/). Chomsky N. Hopes and prospects. L., 2010. ECLAC and ILO predict that unemployment will fall again to 6,4% in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2012. URL: http://www.eclac.cl/cgi-bin/getProd. asp?xml=/prensa/noticias/comunicados/2/48272/P48272.xml&xsl=/prensa/ tpl-i/p6f.xsl&base=/tpl/top-bottom.xsl Economic growth moderates across Middle East. 2013.21.05. URL: http:// www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2013/car052113a.htm Eurostat. Population and social conditions // Statistics in focus. URL: http:// epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-11-034/EN/KS-SF11-034-EN.PDF Eurostat. Youth unemployment. URL: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/ statistics_explained/index.php/Youth_unemployment Global youth unemployment set to rise, UN warns. CBC News. 2013.08.05. URL: http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/story/2013/05/08/business-global-youthunemployment-un.html Latin America: middle class hits historic high. 2012.13.11. URL: http:// www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2012/11/13/crecimiento-clase-mediaamerica-latina Norris P. Democratic deficits. Cambridge, 2011. Ortiz I., Cummins M. Global inequality: beyond the bottom billion. UNICEF. N.Y. 2012. P. 26. URL: http://www.unicef.org/socialpolicy/files/Global_ Inequality_REVISED_-_5_July.pdf Special report: the Arab Spring // The Economist. 2013.13.07. Teixeira P., Freire A. Decline, transformation and trust in parliaments: the Portuguese case in a longitudinal and comparative perspective // RIEL. Belo Horizonte. 2010. N 1.

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , . ..

( )
( ) . , , , , -- . : , , , , , , , . An article is devoted to relations between non-european (predominantly Moslem) immigrants and main population of Russia and Western Europe. Analysis of data of international European Social Survey (with participation of Russian Federation) led to conclusion: in Russia discrimination is a problem only for the first generation of immigrants, but in Western Europe such a situation is actual for their children and grandchildren too. Key words: multiculturalism, assimilation, integration, discrimination, immigrants, generations, intermarriages, religion.

" ", , , . ( ) , . , , " " . ( -- )1. , ,
, e-mail: sinelka@mail.ru .: . : . 13.12.2012. [ ]. [ -- ]. URL: http://russiancouncil.ru/inner/?id_4= 1155 ( : 02.11.2013).
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.: . . 05.03.2012. [ ]. [ " . . "]. URL: http://www.nashagazeta.ch/news/13056 ( : 02.11.2013). 3 .: . . 15.11.2011. [ ]. [ Trend News Agency]. URL: http://www.trend.az/news/society/1957495. html ( : 02.11.2013). 4 .: . . 11.03.2012. [ ]. [ ]. URL: http://www.rosbalt.ru/ federal/2012/03/11/955801.html ( : 02.11.2013).
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7 : 17.10.2009. [ ]. [ -- ]. URL: http://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=624&q_id=45057&date=17.10.2009 ( : 02.11.2013).

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, . , .
. . 15.11.2011. [ ]. [ Trend News Agency]. URL: http://www.trend.az/ news/society/1957495.html ( : 02.11.2013) (Aliev M. V Azerbajdzhane za prinuzhdenie zhenshchiny vstupit' v brak ustanovlena ugolovnaja otvetstvennost'. 15.11.2011. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. [Oficial'nyj sajt Trend News Agency]. URL: http://www.trend.az/news/society/1957495.html (data obrashchenija: 02.11.2013)). : 17.10.2009. [ ]. [ -- ]. URL: http://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=624&q_id=45057&date= 17.10.2009 ( : 02.11.2013) (WCIOM: Dannye oprosa 17.10.2009. [Jelektronnyj resurs] [Oficial'nyj sajt WCIOM -- Wserossijskogo centra izuchenija obshchestvennogo mnenija]. URL: http://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_ id=624&q_id=45057&date=17.10.2009 (data obrashchenija: 02.11.2013)). .., .. - // : " " / . . .. , .. . ., 2009. . 194224 (Drobizheva L.M., Arutjunova E.M. Nacional'no-grazhdanskaja identichnost' i mezhjetnicheskaja tolerantnost' // Rossija v Evrope: po materialam mezhdunarodnogo sociologicheskogo proekta "Evropejskoe social'noe issledovanie" / Pod obshch. red. A.V. Andreenkovoj, L.A. Beljaevoj. M., 2009. S. 194224). . : . 13.12.2012. [ ]. [ -- ]. URL: http://russiancouncil. ru/inner/?id_4=1155 ( : 02.11.2013) (Malahov V. Mul'tikul'turalizm v Zapadnoj Evrope: po tu storonu ritoriki. 13.12.2012. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. [Oficial'nyj sajt RSMD -- Rossijskogo soveta po mezhdunarodnym delam]. URL: http://russiancouncil.ru/inner/?id_4=1155 (data obrashchenija: 02.11.2013)). - 2366 07.08.2013. [ ]. [ -- ]. URL: http://wciom.ru/index.php?id=459&uid=114341 ( : 02.11.2013) (Press-vypusk VCIOM N 2366 ot 07.08.2013. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. [Oficial'nyj sajt WCIOM -- Wserossijskogo centra izuchenija obshchestvennogo mnenija]. URL: http://wciom.ru/index.php?id=459&uid= 114341 (data obrashchenija: 02.11.2013)). . . 05.03.2012. [ ]. [ " . . "]. URL: http://www.nashagazeta.ch/
168

news/13056 ( : 02.11.2013) (Rahimov A. Bern protiv brakov po prinuzhdeniju. 05.03.2012. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. [Oficial'nyj sajt gazety "Nasha gazeta. Shvejcarskie novosti na russkom. Kazhdyj den'"]. URL: http://www. nashagazeta.ch/news/13056 (data obrashchenija: 02.11.2013)). . . 11.03.2012. [ ]. [ ]. URL: http:// www.rosbalt.ru/federal/2012/03/11/955801.html ( : 02.11.2013) (Remizov D. Dobrovol'nyj shariat. 11.03.2012. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. [Oficial'nyj sajt informacionnogo agentstva Rosbalt]. URL: http://www.rosbalt.ru/federal/ 2012/03/11/955801.html (data obrashhenija: 02.11.2013)). .. : // / . . .. . ., 2009. . 179191 (Sinel'nikov A.B. Chto bolee priemlemo dlja naselenija: stimulirovanie rozhdaemosti ili pritok immigrantov // Demograficheskie issledovanija / Otv. red. A.I. Antonov. M., 2009. S. 179191).

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , . .. :
-- , . - . , , , . , . -- , , - . : , , , . Social inequality is the phenomena that is hypothetically the base for first human communities genesis. Modern model for capitalist society as market relations form fails to satisfy the needs of society's social development, and strongly requires to create new social knowledge structure and new approach for inequality sociology theory development. Our study conceptual logic comprises routine, philosophic and ideological reflexions analysis to create new social inequality definition in the context of new sociologic knowledge structure. Social inequality is the one of key problems in global sociology; the need is obvious to extract social inequality into separate discipline. Inequality sociology target is the decision of theoretical and practical problems in the formation of comprehensive knowledge about inequality phenomena in modern community, and in the development of common and specialized theoreticalmethodological base for inequality study. Key words: routine reflection of inequality, philosophic reflection of inequality, ideological reflection of inequality, sociological reflection of inequality.

-- , " ", . , ( , , .) () , . , - , , . , VIII (, 1974 .) - . , , , , . -- , , , , . XVIII , (, 1314 2014 .) " : ", () (, ) , , . 2012 . , , , 1. ( ), ,
1 . URL: www.gold.ruarticles.economics/itog-vs

, e-mail: aviktorov@bk.ru

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2 .: .. : , , . ., 2003. . 100102. 3 .: . // I . ., 1998. . 148.

: -, ; -, , . , ( , ) ( ) ( ) (, , ), () , . , ( ), , , . : , , ( , ), . -- , . , , " ", "" "" , ( ) 4. . . -, , , . -,
4 .: .. . ., 1996. . 9091, 108109; . // . 1986. 1.

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174

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175

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5 .: .. : // . ., 2004. . 367. 6 . . ., 2004. . 250. 7 . . ., 1998. . 1213.

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. . ., 2002. . 483. . . ., 1994. . 71. 10 ., .., . : . ., 2005. . 816. 11 . . ., 2000. . 385386. 12 . . . URL: www. asket.info109slovar
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13 .: ., ., .. . ., 2004. . 158.

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14

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, , 15. . , , , "" . . . , " . -- " , . , , ( - ). . , . , 16. , -- , . , , ( ) . " " . , , "" "", . , , - , . . , . , , , . , .. 17. : -,
. ., 1990. . 223224. .: . . -- . URL: http//left. ru2011/bell204.phwl 17 .: . . ., 2010. . 442.
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, , ; -, (, , ) . , -- , . , , .. , ( ). , ( ). - - . -- , , , , 80% . 18. -- , , , - . -- , , , , , (, ) , - . - , . ( , )
18 . URL: http://maxpark.com/blog ( : 27.07.2013).

180

181

, , . - , , , . , , , () . . : " -- . , , "19. -- , . -- () . . , , , -- , .. 20. . . 21, , , , .
19 . // . 2009. 2 (18). . 910. 20 .: . . , . ., 2006. . 125. 21 .: . . ., 1994. . 301302.

. - : , , , , -- -- , . "" - , , , " " . . , . , , , , 22. - (, , , , .) , , ( 150 40 ) (, ) (, ) . ., , , ( ) () (.. ). , - . ( ), - . , -- . 1920- . . , " , 22

.: . . . 375380.
183

182

... : -- , .. ; -- , .. ; -- "23. . " ", , 24. . , , , . , , . : -- , , , ; -- , ; -- , , , ., (, , ), 23 . : . ., 1994. . 8, 14. 24 .: . . . . ., 1992. . 297307.

. -- , , - (, , .) ( ). , . , . , (, , .) .
., ., .. . ., 2004 (Aberkrombi N., Hill S., Terner V.S. Sociologicheskij slovar'. M., 2004). . // . 2009. 2 (18) (Bek U. Kriticheskaja teorija mirovogo obshchestva riska // Prognozis. 2009. N 2 (18)). . . ., 2004 (Girc K. Interpretacija kul'tur. M., 2004). . // I . ., 1998 (Demina L. Refleksija v strukture sistemnoj sociologicheskoj paradigmy // Sociologija na poroge XXI veka. M., 1998). . URL: http://maxpark.com/ blog ( : 27.07.2013) (Dostizhima li social'naja spravedlivost'. URL: http://maxpark.com/blog (data obrashchenija: 27.07.2013). .. : // . ., 2004 (Zhovtun D.T. Ideologija: aktual'nye aspekty sociologicheskogo analiza // Sociologija. M., 2004). .. . ., 1996 (Ionin L.G. Sociologija kul'tury. M., 1996). . URL: gold.ruarticles. economics/itog-vs (Itogi Vsemirnogo jekonomicheskogo foruma v Davose. URL: www.gold.ruarticles.economics/itog-vs).
185

184

. . . URL: www.asket.info109slovar (Kant I. Psihologicheskij slovar'. Asketicheskaja psihologija. URL: asket.info109slovar). .. : , , . ., 2003 (Korotaev A.V. Social'naja jevoljucija: faktory, zakonomernosti, tendencii. M., 2003). . . ., 1994 (Manhejm K. Diagnoz nashego vremeni. M., 1994). . . , . ., 2006 (Mizes L. fon. Individ, rynok i pravovoe gosudarstvo. SPb., 2006). . . ., 2002 (Parsons T. O social'nyh sistemah. M., 2002). . . -- . URL: http//left. ru2011/bell204.phwl (Peters D. Na smert' D. Bella -- publicista imperii. URL: http//left.ru2011/bell204.phwl). . . ., 2010 (Rolz D. Teorija spravedlivosti. M., 2010). . . ., 1994 (Smelzer N. Sociologija. M., 1994). . : . ., 1994 (Sorokin P. Obshchestvennyj uchebnik sociologii: Stat'i raznyh let. M., 1994). . . . . ., 1992 (Sorokin P. Chelovek. Civilizacija. Obshchestvo. M., 1992). ., .., . : . ., 2005 (Toshchenko Zh., Kruhmalev A.E., Kuznecov V. Ideologija: sociologicheskij aspekt. M., 2005). . . ., 1998 (Turen A. Vozvrashchenie cheloveka dejstvujushchego. M., 1998). . . ., 2010 (Shtompka P. Sociologija. M., 2010). . // . 1986. 1 (Shchjuc A. Struktura povsednevnogo myshlenija // Sociologicheskie issledovanija. 1986. N 1). . ., 1990 (Jetnicheskaja mysl'. M., 1990). . . ., 2000 (Jefendiev A. Obshchaja sociologija. M., 2000).

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , ., . .. :
, , , , . , , , , , (, , ). -- , . : , , , , , , . In this article we formulated the idea that in the information society that is based on the productive resources such as knowledge and information, there is a latent extension of social inequality. This is caused by the availability of information and the availability of its attributive qualities as inexhaustible, infinite, "nepotreblyaemost'" that systematically associated with different properties (selectivity, selectivity). On this basis, in the information society belonging to the upper class for the first time begins to be determined in terms of the new criteria -- intelligence, creativity and brilliance of the personal principle. Key words: information society, information inequality, knowledge, information, intelligence, education, creativity.

( XX -- XXI .) , . - , , , , . . , , , " , e-mail: akmnauka@yandex.ru, akmnauka.professorjournal.ru

187

, "1. , , (, , , ). , -- "". . , " , , . , , "2. , , . , . ( "") , , , , . , , , , . , , . , "", "" 3. 1 . : , , . ., 2000. . 71. 2 Martin W.J. The information society. L., 1988. P 40. . 3 .: .., .. ( ) // : : . 2011. 1. . 23. URL: http://www. actualresearch.ru

, , 1900 . : 1900- . 50%, 1970- . 5%4. . , « , , , " " , , »5. , . . " ". , , . , , , . , , . . ( ) , , , , . , , , , . , ( 4 .: .. " " . ., 2010. . 19. 5 . . . ., 1999. . 32.

188

189

), , . , , , ? , . , , . , , . , , , , , . , , . . , , . . . 1962 . " " (knowledge worker)6, . . : -- , ; , , , ; , , . . , , , . " "7 , , . , ( "knowledge industries")8. , 60% 6 Drucker P.F. The new realities: in government and politics, in economics and business // Society and World View. Boston; Oxford, 1989. P. 42. 7 Drucker P.F. Landmarks of tomorrow. N.Y., 1996. P 3. . 8 Drucker P.F. Post-capitalist society. N.Y., 1995. P 24. .

. : , , . , , -- 3 1990 . 10 1995 . 25 2000 .9 , ( ) , . , , , "", . , , "" , . , . , . , . -- "underclass" -- 10. . " " - 11. , , " "12. , , 9 .: . : // . 1997. 4. . 42. 10 Touraine A. The post-industrial society. Tomorrow's social history: classes, conflicts and culture in the programmed society. N.Y., 1974. P. 70. 11 Dahrendorf R. The modern social conflict. An essay on the principles of liberty. Berkeley; L., 1988. P. 160. 12 Galbraith K. The new industrial state. L., 1991. P 86. .

190

191

( ), , , . « "", "", "", " " ""»13. , , . , " ", "", , . " , "14. , . 1970- . , , "" . , " "15. , , , , . . , . .. , . , " , "16. , "" , , , . , , () , " " . 13Drucker P.F. The new realities: in government and politics, in economics and business. P. 184. 14 Goldman . Lost opportunity. What has made economic reform in Russia so difficult. N.Y.; L., 1996. P. 32. 15 Renner K. The service class // Austro-Marxism / Ed. by T .B. Bottomore, P. Goode. Oxford, 1978. P. 254. 16 .. : , , . ., 2010. . 11.

, . , -- , , , -- , , , ( ). , , " " (intraownership intra-property) " " (non-ownership). , - , 17. , . . . , " , () " 18. , ( , ) , , . . ? , , . , , . , . , " ", ,
17 .: .. : // . 2003. 1. . 20. 18 Drucker P.F. Landmarks of tomorrow. P 99. .

192

193

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Drucker P.F. Post-capitalist society. P. 66. 20 .: .. : // . 2003. 1. . 103.
194
19

(). , , , . , , , - , , (, , , ) . , , . , , . "" " " , 21. , , "" () "" () . , , -- , , , 22. . "" "", , 23. (. ), (. , . ). , .. . , "knowledge -- workers" (know.: . . . ., 2002. . 18. Toffler A., Toffler H. Creating a new civilization. Atlanta, 1995. P. 25. 23 .: . : // . 1997. 4. . 29.
22 21

195

ledge, . -- ", "; workers, . -- ", ". -- . .) "consumption -- workers" (consumption, . -- ", ". -- . .) "knowledge workers" "non-knowledge people" (people, . -- ", ". -- . .): 24. "" . ( ) . , 1978 1987 . 4%, 48%. , 19871993 . 15,71 . , . .. , . , , " . "25. 1973 1993 . , , 20% ( 25%). , , , . 1980- . " " ("working poor"). 1990- . 18% , 15% . , XXXXI , : ) -- ( 4%), ( 2%) ) , 51 31%. , , 24 .: .. : , , . . 29. 25 Krugman P. The age of diminishing expectations. US economic policy in the 90s. Cambridge, 1998. P. 84.

. , ( , , , ..), , . , (19791989 .) , , . , , , , . , , , . , "", , , () , , , . , , , , , , "" .
. . . ., 1999 (Bell D. Grjdushchee postindustrial'noe obshchestvo. Opyt social'nogo prognozirovanij. M., 1999). . : // . 1997. 4 (Inglhart R. Postmodern: menjjushchiesj cennosti i izmenjjushchiesj obshchestva // Polis. 1997. N 4). .. " " . ., 2010 (Inozemcev V.L. "Klass intellektualov" v postindustrial'nom obshchestve. M., 2010a).
197

196

.. : , , . ., 2010 (Inozemcev V.L. Sovremennoe postindustrial'noe obshchestvo: priroda, protivorechij, perspektivy. M., 2010b). . : , , . ., 2000 (Kastel's M. Informacionnaj ypoha: ykonomika, obshchestvo, kul'tura. M., 2000). .., .. ( ) // : : . 2011. 1. URL: http:// www.actualresearch.ru (Mamedov A.K., Lipai T.P. Stigmatizacij kak social'nyj fenomen (metodologij issledovanij) // Aktual'nye innovacionnye issledovanij: nauka i praktika: Yelektronnyi nauchnyi zhurnal. 2011. N 1. URL: http://www. actualresearch.ru). . . . ., 2002 (Markuze G. Yeros i civilizacij. Odnomernyj chelovek. M., 2002). .. : // . 2003. 1 (Mihneva S.G. Intellektualizacij ykonomiki: innovacionnoe proizvodstvo i chelovecheskij kapital // Innovacii. 2003. N 1). . : , : . ., 1996 (Fuko M. Volj k istine: po tu storonu znanij, vlasti i seksual'nosti: Raboty raznyh let. M., 1996). Dahrendorf R. The modern social conflict. An essay on the principles of liberty. Berkeley; L., 1988. Drucker P.F. The new realities: in government and politics, in economics and business // Society and World View. Boston; Oxford, 1989. Drucker P.F. Post-capitalist society. N.Y., 1995. Drucker P.F. Landmarks of tomorrow. N.Y., 1996. Galbraith K. The new industrial state. L., 1991. Goldman . Lost opportunity. What has made economic reform in Russia so difficult. N.Y.; L., 1996. Krugman P. The age of diminishing expectations. US economic policy in the 90s. Cambridge, 1998. Martin W.J. The information society. L., 1988. Renner K. The service class // Austro-Marxism / Ed. by T.B. Bottomore, P. Goode. Oxford, 1978. Toffler A., Toffler H. Creating a new civilization. Atlanta, 1995. Touraine A. The post-industrial society. Tomorrow's social history: classes, conflicts and culture in the programmed society. N.Y., 1974.

. . -. . 18. . 2014. 2

.. , . . , . . ..
. . , , ., , , , . , " ", . : , , , , , , . In this article evolution of theories of social mobility in the history of social thought from the classical period of development until the end of the XX century is analyzed. The author describes the main directions of theoretical interest of research of this problem and their peculiar features. The main questions raised by classics of the sociological theory were actual during all XX century, and empirical research of a problem of social mobility resulted in concentration of attention of scientists on more specific questions, in particular such as studying of professional career, reproduction of the social statuses that promoted emergence of separate discipline in the western sociology, so-called to "sociology of a course of life", investigating biographic mobility. Key words: theories of social mobility, social stratification, Karl Marx, Pitirim Sorokin, Reinhard Bendix, Seymour Martin Lipset, David Glass.

, . , . , , , ,

, e-mail: level_s@rambler.ru
199

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1 .: .., .. . 15. . . ., 2007. . 871. 2 .: ., . . 25, / 2. . 150; 46, / 1. . 238239. . . 3 . : .. . . . ., 2012. . 419.

201

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. . : , , . The article considers the relationship between the level of corruption and inequality in modern society. Taking into account the existing theoretical approaches to having a direct or inverse relationship between corruption and inequality this relationship is complemented by addressing the issue of trust. Key words: corruption, trust, inequality.

, . , c . 12 42 15 1. , , , . , Transparency International (TI), 133- 176 , 282. . , ,
, e-mail: ardyana@yandex.ru . URL: http://www.gks. ru/free_doc/new_site/population/urov/urov_51g.htm 2 . URL: http:// www.transparency.org/country#RUS ( : 05.05.2013).
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3 . URL: http://info. worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.asp ( : 10.05.2013). 4 .: .. // . - . 2010. 1. . 3, 2547.

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8 You Jong-Sung, Sankeev Khagram. A comparative study of inequality and corruption // American Sociological Review. 2005. Vol. 70. P. 135157. 9 .: .. . ., 2011. 10 Seligman A.B. The problem f trust. Princeton, 1997.

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Uslaner E.M. Corruption and inequality // CESifo DICE Report. 2011. N 2. P. 2024. Glaser E.L., Scheinkman J., Shleifer A. The injustice of inequality// Journal of Monetary Economics. 2003. N 50. P. 199200. 13 .: . . URL: http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2011/0485/analit05.php 14 Uslaner E.M. The moral foundation of trust. 2002. URL: http: www.gvpt.umd.edu/uslaner/uslanermoralfoundations.pdf
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, , . : + . , : 15. . . , . . , , - . , , . , (grand corruption) 16. , , , . . , . , . , 17. : , . , , . , , .
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.. // . - . 2010. 1. . 2547 (Gorshkov M.K. Social'noe neravenstvo kak vyzov sovremennoj Rossii // Vestn. In-ta sociologii. 2010. N 1. S. 2547). .. . ., 2011 (Kozyreva M.P. Doverie i ego resursy v sovremennoj Rossii. M., 2011). Glaser E.L., Scheinkman J., Shleifer A. The injustice of inequality// Journal of Monetary Economics. 2003. N 50. P. 199200.
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Gupta S., Davoodi H., Alonso-Terme R. Does corruption affect income inequality and poverty? // IMF Working Paper. 1998. P. 530. Seligman A.B. The problem f trust. Princeton, 1997. Uslaner E.M. Corruption, inequality, and trust. URL: http://www.slideserve. com/stan/trust-and-corruption-in-transition-eric-m-uslaner Uslaner E.M. Corruption and inequality // CESifo DICE Report. 2011. N 2. P. 2024. Uslaner E.M. The moral foundation of trust. URL: http: www.gvpt.umd.edu/ uslaner/uslanermoralfoundations.pdf You Jong-Sung, Sankeev Khagram. A comparative study of inequality and corruption // American Sociological Review. 2005. Vol. 70. P. 135157. http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.asp http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/urov/urov_51g.htm http://www.transparency.org/country#RUS

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