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Lomonosov
Moscow State University

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Lomonosov

Moscow State University
April (2013)
Dr Milad ELHARATHI
Benghazi University
Political Science Department
Arab Contemporary Political Development















Course syllabus.[pic]

Introduction:
This course deals with the current political development in most Arab
world, in terms of issues, conflict, and crises. The Middle East and North
Africa popular revolt spread rapidly from Tunisia to Egypt, and then from
Egypt to Libya, threatening entrenched regimes and the status quo. In
Libya, for example, the revolt turned into a bloody civil war and spilling
over of armaments everywhere in the country. In Tunisia, the Muslim
movement (Nahda Party) led the country into social unrest. In addition,
Egypt's revolt, with its brotherhood domination, turned into Christian-
Muslim confrontations, as daily practice.

Whereas many observers have drawn parallels with the rising of the American
control of the International Order and the domination of the Western
alliances, and its major leading role in combating terrorism, and the
eastward spread of democracy to Eastern Europe, the outcome of the Arab
revolts is far from bringing political and social stability in the Arab
region.

This popular revolt or political conflicts has challenged authoritarian
rule in the whole region, and highlighted the widespread desire for a
responsible government. Libya, in particular, is an evidential and
exclusion example among other Arab revolts, that NTO played a major
powerful militarized intervention to support Libya's revolt.

This scenario of conflict and change will be demonstrated widely in this
course, through analyzing the main political factors, which shaped the Arab
contemporary political development.

Course Objectivities:
The objectives of this course are based on analyzing the projected outlines
in every lecture, along with data analysis as far as the reliable revolt
data secured. Discussing the debating the superpower' role as it have
flourished in the academic institutions in the West and the Arab world
through media's coverage.

Course Methodology:
The outlines of the course will be covered through a set of lectures,
during the working hours, on 4 hours basis, with a final exam for
evaluations. During every lecture, students encouraged and allowed to
participate actively in the seminar. In every meeting students expecting to
receive a wide range of analysis, perspectives and futuristic visions of
the ongoing political development in the region. In addition, students
encouraged presenting, in writing and orally their views, and analysis,
through timetable prepared before every lecture.

The Lectures Contents:

Lecture one: Contemporary Historical and Political Background
Part One: The Historical Stages of the Arab
Political Development
Part Two: The Nature of the Arab Political
Systems and the Arab
Modern Wars

Lecture Two: The Middle East Scenario of Crisis and Conflict
Part One: The Israeli/Palestine Crisis
Part Two: The Superpowers' Role in the Arab
Affairs

Lecture Three: The Arab Modern Regional Politics
Part One: The Arab Politics towards its
Unitarian Movements.
Part Two: The Arab Economic Blocks and its
natural Resources.

Lecture Four: The Arab External Conduct
Part One: The Nature of the Arab Foreign Policy
and Relations
Part Two: The Arab Affairs in the International
Politics.

Lecture Five: The International Community Behavior toward the Arab
Affairs
Part One: The Nature of the World Intervention
in the Arab Affairs
Part Two: The Arab Affairs Vis-Ю-vis Russia and
USA.

Lecture Six: The Modern Arab Crises: Leadership and Social Change
Part One: Reform, Revolution, Uprising and Turmoil
in Arab World
Part Two: The Role of International, Regional and
Internal Powers
Lecture Seven: The Outcomes of the So Called "Arab Spring"
Part One: Libya, Tunisia, and Egypt From
authoritarian State to
Political Islam, and Transition and
Transformation of
Democracy
Part Two: Iraq and Syria toward Unsolved changes
Lecture Eight the Future of the Arab States: From Change to Instability
Part One: Political Islam, Liberal and Secular
Power Politics Interactions
Part Two: The Arab Contemporary Political
Development in
Unbalanced International and
Regional Powers.
Lecture Nine: Open Discussion, Comments and general debating of the Main

Thematic Analysis of all lectures.



Track (1)
Arab Contemporary Political Development
Contemporary Historical and Political Background
The Historical Stages of the Arab Political Development
The Nature of the Arab Political Systems Greek Role, the Roman Role, the
Muslim Role and the Turkish Role.
The Western Colonialism (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Lebanon,
Syria, Iraq, Yemen, Sudan, Mauritania,)
The State of Arab Independence.
Arab Political Systems after the colonial period
Arab Political Systems during the Cold War (East- West Relations)
Arab Political Systems Characteristics (Revolutionary, Moderate,
Monarchies, Militarized Political systems)
The Arab Political Systems and International alliances (West - East Blocks)
Track (2)
Arab Contemporary Political Development

The Middle East Scenario of Crisis and Conflict
The Israeli/Palestine Crisis
The Superpowers' Role in the Arab Affairs
The Middle East: Region of conflict, unrest and Wars
General Factors:
Religion Factors: Muslim Suna and Shiea, Christian and Jewish
National Factors: Arabs, Kurds, Druses, Marionette, Amazghte (Barbers)
Political Factors: colonialism, Independence, dependency,)
Economic Factors: Centralized economic system, mixed economic systems,
underdevelopment, rich oil states, poor states.

Hard Wars Politics
1917 Balfour Declaration: The British supporting the right of the creation
of the Israeli land
1948 the independence of the Israeli state.
1956 the Suisse Canal War (Britain, France Israel) (Suisse Canal
Nationalization)
1967 June War (Egypt, Syria and Israel...)
September 1978 Camp David Agreement (the USA, Israel and Egypt)
1975 Lebanon Civil War
August 1993 the Israeli- Palestinian Principals Declaration (Washington,
USA)
19 October 1994, Jordanian-Israeli Convention of Peace
1973 October War (Egypt and Israel)
May 1994 Palestinian autonomy Agreement
Iraq- Iran War
January 1991 Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait (the Second Gulf War)
The Western Coalition War of Iraq
The Libyan - American Military Confrontation Over Sirt Gulf (1986)
NATO Military Intervention in Libya 2011
Soft Wars Politics:
Western Sahara conflict (Libya, Morocco and Algeria and Spain) 1975
Algeria-Morocco Boarder and Water Disputes and.
Sudan Internal Dispute (Sudan and Southern Sudan)
Golan Highest (Syria) and Southern Lebanon Disputes
Track (3)
Arab Contemporary Political Development

The Arab Modern Regional Politics
The Arab Politics towards its Unitarian Movements.
The Arab League (AL): Its role and Orientations (weakness' & strengthens)
The Arab Maghreb Union (AMU) Marrakech Convention 1989
The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
The Arab United Republic (Egypt and Syria 1958)
The Islamic Republic (Libya and Tunisia 1980)
The African Union (Libya and Morocco) (1986's)
Arab Republics Union (Syria, Libya and Egypt) (1970's)
Track (4)
Arab Contemporary Political Development
Arab Economic Blocks and its natural Resources
Oil and Energy economies: Gulf States, Libya, Algeria
Agricultural and Tourism economies: Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia
Arab Economic Unity Council
Arab Economic Bilateral cooperation
Arab Economic Multilateral Cooperation
Track (5)
Arab Contemporary Political Development
The Arab External Conduct
The Nature of the Arab Foreign Policy and Relations
The Arab Affairs in the International Politics.
The Arab Foreign relations during the Cold War (East-West Relations)
The Arab Foreign Relations after the Post Cold War
The Arab Foreign Relations after the 11 of September 2001
The Arab Foreign Relation after the Arab Uprising and Revolts (2010-2011)
Track (6)
Arab Contemporary Political Development
The International Community Behavior toward
The Arab Affairs
The Nature of the World Intervention in the Arab Affairs
The Arab Affairs Vis-Ю-vis Russia and USA Foreign Policy.
Democracy and Human Rights, Development and Military Supply
The Modern Arab Crises: Leadership and Social Change
Reform, Revolution, Uprising and Turmoil in Arab World
The Role of International, Regional and Internal Powers
The Outcomes of the So Called "Arab Spring"
Libya, Tunisia, and Egypt from authoritarian State to Political Islam,
Transition and Transformation of Democracy
Iraq and Syria toward Unsolved changes.

Moscow State University
Department of Political Science

Arab Contemporary Political Development
Exam:
Notes: Answers should be in clear sentences and methodologically
presented.


Q1 Write, in an analytical short essay, the main historical and political
development of the early Arab political development.


Q2 In terms of crisis and conflicts there are several stages that the
Middle East shaped with a major crisis and conflicts describe and evaluate
these stages in the region in terms of hard wars politics and soft ware
politics.


Q3 Give an analytical assessment of the Arab modern regional politics in
terms of regional interactions as the Unitarian regional movements
suggested.


Q4 The Arab external conduct has gone through four important stages during
the Cold War, post cold war, after 11 of September 2001 and during the Arab
revolts and uprising, provide your analysis and critical arguments towards
these stages of development.


Q5 after introducing the major political development of the Arab current
scenario of social, political and leadership change describe the
international role of the superpowers toward the Arab affairs mainly the
United States and Russia.


Q6 Far away from the course instructions and trucks and freely write your
personal arguments, critics and ideas about the current development of the
Arab affairs in terms of regional and international perspectives.

Good Luck
Dr Milad ELHARATHI