For the last 5 years, I have been navigating a new and relatively unfamiliar
river of psychological thought. After nearly a lifetime of empirical reduc-
tionist neurophysiological and perceptual psychology research, I became
concerned that our data and theories were presenting an incomplete pic-
ture of the nature of current scientific psychology. There appeared to be a
number of unspoken assumptions lying beneath the huge amount of labora-
tory activity that are largely ignored. For reasons that are still unclear to
me, I reverted to a role that has long been anathema in modern psychol-
ogy-that of a constructive critic and gadfly of the deep-seated roots of our
science. My goal in recent years has been to study the conceptual assump-
tions that lie beneath the methods, the data, and most of all, the theories of
modern scientific psychology. This redirection of my energies has resulted
in a series of books that in turn have dealt with some of the most fundamen-
tal of issues in psychology.