Документ взят из кэша поисковой машины. Адрес оригинального документа : http://genphys.phys.msu.su/rus/lab/elmag/Lab309.pdf Дата изменения: Sat Nov 19 18:13:20 2011 Дата индексирования: Mon Oct 1 22:51:20 2012 Кодировка:

.., .., .., .., ..

RC-, RL- RLC-

2011


-1 RC-, RL- RLC-- . I. . I.1. RC--. t = 0 RC- ( .1) , 0 ( 2). , .1 : ( 1) - U C + 0 = IR , U C -- , I -- . dq , I = ( q - dt q ), U C = , , , C (1) R . 1 RC-. ( 2) dq = dt . q 0 - C (2) ( q = 0 t = 0 ), t 1 - e - RC , ( 3) q(t ) = 0 C
dq 0 - RC 0 - ( 4) I (t ) = = e = e , dt R R = RC , , RC-, . t = T 3 , R. (2) 0 = 0 , t > T
t t

q(t ) = q(T ) e dq 0 I (t ) = = dt R
e
- T RC

-

(t - T ) RC
-

,
RC

( 5) = I (T ) - 0 e R
- t -T RC

- 1 e

t -T

,

( 6)


-2 q(T ) I (T ) - t = T . q(t ) U C (t ) = U R (t ) = I (t ) R C 1 ) t T t 1 - e - , ( 7) U C (t ) = 0

U R (t ) = 0 e 2 ) t > T

-

t



;
-
t -T

( 8)

U C (t ) = U C (T ) e



,
-
t -T

( 9)

U R (t ) = (U R (T ) - 0 ) e . ( 10 ) (t ), U C (t ), U R (t ) . 2. I.2. RL - . t = 0 RL- (. 3) , 0 ( 2). , .3 . 2. : (t ), U C (t ), U R (t ) RCdI . ( 11 ) 0 - L = IR . dt , (11) Ld I = dt . ( 12 ) 0 - RI (12) ( I = 0 t = 0 ), tR 0 1 - e - L . ( 13 ) I (t ) = R . 3 RL-. t = T 3 , , (12) 0 = 0, t > T
I (t ) = I (T ) e
-
( t -T ) R

L

.

( 14 )


-3L , R , RL-. dI (t ) : U R (t ) = I (t ) R U L (t ) = L dt 1 ) t T t 1 - e - , U R (t ) = 0

=

U L (t ) = 0 e 2 ) t > T

-

t

;
t -T
-

U R (t ) = U R (T ) e

-

,
t -T

.4. (t ), U L (t ), U R (t ) RL.

U L (t ) = (U L (T ) - 0 ) e . (t ), U L (t ), U R (t ) = IR .4.

I.3. RLC-. t = 0 RLC- (. 5) , 0 ( 2), . , : dI q L + RI + = 0 . ( 15 ) dt C . 5 RLC-. , q (t ) U C (t ) = = 0 1 - e - t cos t ,(16) C R = - , 2L

(

)

1 R 2 = - = 0 - 2 - LC 2 L RLC -, 1 - 0 = LC R = 0.

2


-4 (t ), U C (t ) . 6 . , : U ( 17 ) = T = 1n k , U k +1 U k , U k +1 - , . . 6. Q , (t ), U C (t ) RLC. . : ( 18 ) Q= . . R, << 0 , : 1L W 1 , ( 19 ) Q 2 >> 1, RC W LC W - , , W - 2 T = . , > 0 ( ) U C (t ) . , = 0 , L . C 2 3 , .

: R = 2

II. II.1. , . 7. : , . "" . , .


-5 ( - . 7 ) : 1. 10 5 , * .

. 7. - .

2. : -- C1 - C 4 , C1 - C3 ; C 4 , , ( 1); -- R1 - R6 , R1 =120 R3 =2 , , R6 ( ) ( 1); -- , ( L RL ) .

*




-64. , ( <<>> <<>>), <<>> "" , <<>> 5 . 5. "--", "" 1 2, ""-- 1 3. , ( ) (, , ) , . 1 2 (. 7). , .

II.2. "", , . "", (.. " "). ENTER . . ESC, . , , . , :
1 2

. 1. RC, >> 1 , . (. 1, .9), R6 C 4 , . 1 1 <<-->>, 2 - C 4 . <<>>. <>. 1 2 .


-7 ( , ). 0.5 , , . << ()>>. <<>> . , , <<>> . , , <>. , <>. - , , <>. 2. , << 1 ( ). ( 2 ) <>. 10 . 2-3 , 20 , . , <>. - , , <> . . , . . -- ( RC- RL-) ( RLC-). , . RC- RL- , ( ) << ()>>. <>. , , . , , , (, (7) (8) (9) (10)), -


-8 , - . <>. : : t 1 - U (t ) = U 0 exp - t 2 - U (t ) = U 0 1 - exp - 1 2 <> - , , . . . , , , . , -- -- . , (, RL , R, ). , . RLC- "" , , "". << (, , )>>, . , ( , , ..). . , ( <>), ( ) . <> -


-9, . <>.

II.3. . 1. . 1. . 8, C 4 R6 . 1 1 << - >>, 2 -- C 4 . <<>>. -

. 8. 1.

2. << 1>> -- " 1". . 3. <<>>, . , . .

2. RC-. 1. . 9, C1 R 3 =2. 1 , 2 -- C1 .


- 10 -

. 9. 2.

2. << 2>> -- " 2". . 3. <<>>, . , . . 4. = RC RC-, C1 . R 3 5%, C1 . 5. C1 C 2 , -- C3 . , (. 1--3), C 2 C3 . .

3. RC-. 1. . 9, C1 , . 2, R4 . 1 , 2 -- . 2. << 2>> -- " 2". . 3. <<>>, .


- 11 , . . 4. = RC RC-, R4 . C1 , R4 . 5. C1 C 2 , -- C3 . , (. 1--3), R4 . . 6. R4 . , . 7. RC- R2 R5 . . - , .

4 . L RL -. 1. . 10, L , , R1 = 120 . 1 , 2 -- R1 .



.10. 4.

2. << 2>> -- " 2". .


- 12 3. <<>>, . , U0, . . , , . . 4. R1 R2 , -- R3 . , (. 1--3), . , . . . 5., RL , L L = , R + RL R L . 5%, L . L , , , , .

5. RLC -. , . 1. RLC- , L C1 (. 11). 1 , 2 -- C1 . 2. << 2>> -- " 2". . 3. <<>>, (RLC-). ( ) ( ). . . 4.


- 13 -

U = 1n k , U k +1 U k U k +1 -- C1 , . , , , . .

. 11. 5.

5. . 6. C1 C 2 C3 , . 1--5. . 2 1 7. T 2 C . , = T LC . , L . . 4. 8. R = T = T 2L RL C . . Q=


- 14 9. (. 11) C1 L R1 (, ). (. 2) (.. 3--5), T , Q . . , R1 , R2 R3 C1 , C 2 , C3 ( 9 1). 10. , , T , Q . .


1 2 3 5 . .. . : , 1983, § 48. . .. . : , 1985, § 74. . .. . : , 1983, §§ .6, 11.2.

1

.