Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://atm563.phys.msu.ru/rus/gidromet_public_html/trudy/thmc3440111.pdf Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Mon Mar 14 19:17:32 2011 Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Sun Sep 30 20:44:41 2012 Êîäèðîâêà: Windows-1251

.. , .. , .. , .. , ..

WRF
.

. : , , . . , - . - "-1" , - 10 œ, , . , . NCEP/NCAR, . [7], ( 8-10
œ

) . ,

, ,

1


















. , WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting Model), , ' -35' (-35) ' -36' (-36). 1. WRF WRF 3.1.1, 31 2009 [3], . ž -- [3-5]. 2,5 [6]. ž - , , , - - . , 75 . : -2 . ž [7, 8], 6 : , , , , , . ž , (GFDL), [11, 12]. , . [12] . [10] .

2


[9]. WRF -35 -36, (. 1). (-35), (-36).

. 1. ' -35' ' -36'

(. 2): - -35 ( , 87œ.., 137œ..), 2 , - . - -36 ( ), 7 . NCAR ( ), 1,

3


- 6 , - 23 . . 6 . 36 . 42 -, . 1.
î . Øïèöáåðãåí



. 2. . - -35, - -36

1 - WRF
1 1,000 10 0,955 19 0,785 28 0,425 37 0,050 2 0,9995 11 0,940 20 0,755 29 0,360 38 0,035 3 0,998 12 0,925 21 0,725 30 0,300 39 0,025 4 0,995 13 0,910 22 0,695 31 0,250 40 0,015 5 0,990 14 0,895 23 0,660 32 0,200 41 0,010 6 0,985 15 0,875 24 0,625 33 0,160 42 0,000 7 0,980 16 0,855 25 0,590 34 0,125 8 0,975 17 0,835 26 0,540 35 0,100 9 0,965 18 0,810 27 0,485 36 0,075

4


2. WRF . ( 97 %), , . , - . , - , , . . , , . , , , . , , . , , , , , . . -35 -36 . : - : 19.01.2008 . 24.01.2008 ., - 11.12.2007 . 19.12.2007 .; - : - 24.01.2009 . 30.01.2009 ., - 11.02.2009 . 19.02.2009 . . 36 . 12, 18, 24, 30 36- . . 3 , 6 , -35. 5


. . 100 % . 75 %.

1

2

. 3. ( WRF) (1) (2)

. 4 2 -35. . 1,4 œ, - 10 œ. .

6


. 4. 2 WRF -35



.

2-5











, -35 -36. , -35 , -36. [2]. -35 . -36 . (. 3) -35 , -36. , . (. 4) -36 , -35. . -35 , -36. , -35 , -36.

7


2 2 ()
-35 0,1 3,9 2,7 -36 0,8 9,3 2,8 -35 0,2 3,9 1,1 -36 0,5 8,0 3,2

3 2 (%)
-35 0 15 7 -36 -2 -25 -8 -35 -1 7 3,7 -36 0 -8 4

4 ()
-35 0,2 7 3,2 -36 0,3 3,5 1,7 -35 0,8 3,4 2,0 -36 0,1 2,4 1,1

5

10 (/)
-35 0,2 4,7 1,1 -36 0,1 3,0 1,5 -35 0,2 2,9 0,9 -36 0,0 3,5 1,1

8


, , , , [2]. (-35 -36) , , . , , 2 7 - 5 . , , . , , . . , , -35. . 5-7 11 2007 -35 23.30 : 83,15œ .., 97,11œ .. . 5 , . , 400 . . , . 4,8 œ 960 . . 6 . , , . 21 % 890 . , , , ( 100 % ), .

9


. 7 . 400 . P,
22 39 71 122 187 274 400 525 641 724 775 829 933 967 1000 0 -2 0 -4 0 -6 0 -8 0 - 100

t, ?C

. 5. : () () 11.12.2007 . -35

P,

f, %
. 6. : ( ) ( ) 11.12.2007 .

10


P,

|V|, /
. 7. : ( ) ( ) 11.12.2007 .

, (). , , , . . 6.
6 , -35
, œ , % , / 1,9 10,9 1,7 1,6 11,3 1,4 2,1 8,5 1,8 1,7 7,3 1,3

. . , .

11


. 8 -36. . . , , 4,3 œ. - 6,4 œ.

)

)

. 8. - 2 -36. ) , 139,3œ ..; ) , 134,9œ ..

, WRF, . . - , 7

12


2 . , . , , , . , , . 1. Fels S.B., Schwarzkopf M.D. The simplified exchange approximation: a new method for radiative transfer calculations // Journal of the Atmospheric sciences. - 1975. - Vol. 32. - . 7. - . 1475-1488. 2. Fie C., LeMone M., Tewari M. An observation and Modeling Study of Characteristic of boundary layer structures. 3. Janjic Z.I. The step-mountain coordinate: physical package // Monthly Weather Review. - 1990. - Vol. 118. - . 7. - P. 1429-1443. 4. Janjic Z.I. The surface layer in the NCEP Eta model. Eleventh Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, Norfolk, VA, 1996, 19-23 August; Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, MA. - 1996. - P. 354-355. 5. Janjic Z.I. Nonsingular Implementation of the Mellor-Yamada Level 2.5 Scheme in the NCEP Meso model // NCEP Office Note. - 2002. - . 437. - 61 . 6. Mellor G.L., Yamada T. Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems // Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. - 1982. - Vol. 20. - P. 851-875. 7. Morrison H., Curry J.A., Khvorostyanov V.I. A new double-moment microphysics parameterization for application in cloud and climate models. Part I: Description // Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. - 2005. - Vol. 62. - . 1665-1677. 8. Morrison H., Thompson G., Tatarskii V. Impact of cloud micrpohysics on the development of trailing stratiform precipitation in a simulated squall line: Comparison of one- and two-moment schemes. Submitted to // Monthly Weather Review. - 2008. 9. Rodgers C.D. Some extensions and applications of the new random model for molecular band transmission. Quart // J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. - 1968. - Vol. 94. - P. 99-102. 10. Roberts R.E., Selby J.E.A., Biberman L.M. Infrared continuum absorption by atmospheric water-vapor in 8-12um window // Applied Optics. - 1976. - Vol. 15(9). - . 2005-2090. 13


11. Schwarzkopf M.D., Fels S.B. Improvements to the algorithm for computing CO2 transmissivities and cooling rates // J. Geophys. Res. - 1985. - Vol. 90 (ND6). - . 541-550. 12. Schwarzkopf M.D., Fels S.B. The simplified exchange method revisited - an accurate, rapid method for computation of infrared cooling rates and fluxes // J. Geophys. Res. - 1991. - Vol. 96(D5). - . 9075-9096.

14