Документ взят из кэша поисковой машины. Адрес оригинального документа : http://optics.sinp.msu.ru/prak/zadacha24.pdf Дата изменения: Wed Feb 18 14:59:04 2009 Дата индексирования: Mon Oct 1 19:43:32 2012 Кодировка:

HH H ..H

24 CN CN =3883е, .

: ..

1989-2003


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........................................................................................ 3 I. .............. 5 §1. . .......... 6 §2. . - .. 8 §3. ............................................................ §4. -- . .................................................................. §5. .................................. §1. -1............................................................. 19 §2. . ......... 21 §3. . 23 §4. . . 25 26 14 17 11

II. CN.............................. 19


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, , , . 0,01-1000 . . , . . , , . , , . : - ; ; ; .. , . , . ­ . . "". "" "" . , . , : , , , (). . , . . . - . , , - . , , . . . (2; 2; N2; 2 ) , , . . . , , . . , CN, , , - , .


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. , (N2, 2, 2) . , : I) r - , , , 2) Ev- , , 3) - : E = E r + Ev + Ee , , , .. . , r, Ev, .


5

I.

.

§ 1. . . - . * J = BJ ( J + 1 ) (1)

B = h / 8c 2 I - ( h - , c , I - ),

I = r 2 m 1 m 2 / ( m 1 + m 2 ) = r 2 , (2) r - , - . () , , , . HCl , CO, CN , N2, H2, O2 - . J = ±1 . , : J = J + 1 - J = 2 B( J + 1 ) (3)
, 2. .1 . ( - ). . , , 0 = ( 1 ) - ( 0 ) = 2 B , I r. , , . I. CN - . I r, , 2 B = 4 -1 . ( mc= 12, mn= 14, , mH = 1,673*10-24 ). :

*

-1:

c - 1 = E [ ] / hc .

[

]


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- N J = NZ R1 ( 2 J + 1 ) exp[ - BhcJ ( J + 1 ) / kT ] , (4) N - , Z R - ( Z R = kT / 2 Bhc ). (2J+1) , . , 2J+1 -J J . J NJ (.. c J ), , . (4) , J , : J m = kT / 2 Bhc - 1 / 2 (5) , . . ,

J = DJ ( J + 1 ) - DJ 2 ( J + 1 ) 2 , D - , D = h 3 / 32 4 I 2 r 2 kc


(6) (7)

k- , [ -1 ] -

k = 4 2 2 c 2 . D:

D = 4 B 3 / 2 . 10 3 -1 ,

B 10 -1 . D : D 10 -3 -1 . , J 10 . , J , 2. : J = 2 B( J + 1 ) - 4 D( J + 1 ) 3 8 , D J . (8). k . . D . , . .

§ 2. . -
. U = ( r - re )k / 2 , k - , re - . v = e ( v + 1 / 2 ) , e = ( 1 / 2 c ) k / (9) . :


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U = De { 1 - exp[ a( re - r )]} 2 . (10) a - , , De - . : v = e ( v + 1 / 2 ) - X e - e X e ( v + 1 / 2 ) 2 , (
(11)

X e +10 -2 ) . , , , (11), v = e [ [ 1 - X e ( v + 1 / 2 )] , (12)
.. v. .2 , . : v = ±1 , ± 2 , ± 3 . v , . v > 1 . , , .2, -, .. , . - J = ±1 . . 3 0 - 1. , J , - ( J = -1 ), , J , R- ( J = +1 ). , , ­ .3. P ( 10 ), R( 2 )... . J = 0 . Q -. , - J = 0 . Q- . .

.2. . (10)


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, .. , , . Bv = Be - ( v + 1 / 2 ) , << Be , Be , ( Be ). - J = 0 ,±1 , B' ( v ) Bv () : B . R : P = 0 - 2 BJ ,

0 = 'v - v - " " . .4 - . , J P R , . . J , , P R . , . J , , , . § 4. , L . : Lz = hM L . = M L , = 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , ... L . , , , ... 0 , . + - , - , . (H2, 2, N2 ..) :
_

.4. .

R = 0 + 2 B( J + 1 ) ,

(13)


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, - ( g , g , g ..), ( u , u , u ..). S = s i - . : S
-
2

= h 2 S ( S + 1 ) , S

. : = S , S - 1 , S - 2 ... - S . ( , ) ( ). . :


, = 2 S + 1 -

(14)

: 1 , 3 , 4 , 5, .. : ) - . , L , S : = + . : + , + - 1 , ... , - . , . .5 . Lz S z , N . J
J:

J

2

= h 2 J ( J + 1 ),

.5. ).

J = + 1 , ... ,
2 r = B [ J ( J + 1 ) - ] .


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.6 3 , J. , , v ( = 1). J ( ) . ) -. S -

.6. 3 ).

. Lz N (. .7), K , :

K

2

= h2 K ( K + 1 ) ,

K = , + 1 , + 2 , ... .
J = K + S . J : J = K + S , K + S - 1 , ... , K - S . .8.

.7. ).

. r = B [ K ( K + 1 ) - 2 ] . 3 v 0 . v 0 + 1 , v 0 + 2 , ... . . K ( ), ( 3 1 , .8.
3 3

3 ).

)


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§ 5. -- . -, .. , . , , :

[ -1 ] = ( 'e - e ) + ( 'v - v ) + ( 'r - r ) (15)
m = 1 m 2 d, (16) 1 2 - , m - , - . , (16) 0. , , : = e v e . , . - . , (16) 0, .9. - . . -- , . :

1. = 0 ,±1; S = 0 ; + + ; - - ; g u . 2. ): = 0 ,±1; J = 0 ,±1; J = 0 . ): K = 0 ,±1; K = 0 . 3. , . , , . , - .
W = v' v dR (17) R - . .9 : ( ). : ' 2 [ -1 ] = 0 + B' [ J ' ( J' + 1 ) - 2 ] - Bv [ J ( J + 1 ) - ] v

18


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0 = ( 'e - e ) + ( 'v - v ) "-" ( , , , - ). = 0 , J = -1 , 0 , + 1 , - . ' . :

- ( J = -1 ): = 0 + ( B' - Bv )J 2 - ( B' + Bv )J v v Q - ( J = -0 ): = 0 + ( B' - Bv )J 2 - ( B' - Bv )J v v R ­ ( J = +1 ): = 0 + ( B' - Bv )( J + 1 ) 2 + ( B' + Bv )( J + 1 ) v v R :
(20) = 0 + ( B' - Bv )m 2 + ( B' + Bv )m v v m= - J - m=J+1 R-. , Q- ( - ), , . |m| , . . B' - Bv > 0 , v ( ) - . . 10-. B' - Bv < 0 , R- (.10-). v (19)

.10. . ( ) , d . : dm

, ( :



) -

§ 6. , . - , .11. ) -


13

, ) - . ) B . (13):

.11. () () .

( = 0 = 0 ) = 3883,4 е. . 2 , Q- . . B B , (= 3883,4 е) : 1. , ( R) . . 2. 0 , .. R. . , , , . . , . ( , - 54 -1). 3. , : (1), (2), (3), ... R(0), R(I), R(2) ... , , . 4. ) ) ( ) J B B .


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II. CN § 7. -1 -1 . (-). (..12) , d D(sin+sin)=q 24 q - , . (24) , 1, 2, ... q1, q2, ... , q11=q22= ... . , , - . , - , . -1 .13. 1, 2, , 3 . 220 - 450 600 / =21є. , - 4 5, 6, 7, . . , , . 8, . - .

.12. .

c.13. -1.

.14. -1 .


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336 - 450 0,64 /. , , ( 4 ). . 0 0,4 I (..14). 2 . , 5,8. 3 , 3. 4 (450--900 ), 300 / . § 8. . - . . , . .15. 1 2, , ( ). 2 . .15 , . , - (), - .

.15. . , , , : = , - , S - . S . . ( ), . , ( ) , S (D/fk), . . :


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(25) D S>Sn , . . S~(1В2)Sn. .
k

Sn =

f

§ 9. CN , . (. .16). CN --- . . , . . .17. - C2L2 , F , . (L2 - L1) .17. , .. 100 . . F. 100 . .16. CN .


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§ 10. I. . , -1, . , ( ). . , . , , . , . . , , , , - . , (..15) . , 2, 1. - . 2. , , . : 3, 10, 30 ., 10, 30, 90 . , - . , -- . 1,5-2 , ( 4 .14 ""). , , , , . 3. "" CN . - , , - 4 . 4. , -1. 3870-3890 е (..18). X е/. , §6. .


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.18. . 5. CN

(2):

µ - CN .


1. ... . .,, 1980. 2. .. . ., , 1985. 3. .., ... . ., , 1985. 4. .. . ., , 1959.