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RHIC


RHIC (Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider)
2000 . p + p, d + Au, Cu + Cu Au + Au (1970 .) ­ 2 15 (1991 .) AGS (Alternating Gradient Synchrotron) 1960 . 33 , 1968 . . ­ J/- , ­ CP- K- , , ­ AGS .

­1 / (Q = +31) ­ 95 / (Q = +77) AGS ­ 10.8 / (Q = +79) RHIC ­ 100 /. 2â1027 -2-1



3.8 . . BRAHMS, PHENIX, PHOBOS STAR.

. Au­Au 1000 . .


PHENIX
PHENIX ­ . «», STAR, , , .

PHENIX , , , , , , , , ..., . , (Event Characterization Detectors).



·Drift Chamber ­ . ·Pad Chambers ­ . ·Ring Imaging Cerenkov ­ . ·Hadron Blind Detector ­ . ·Time Expansion Chamber ­ . . ·Time-of-Flight ­ . . ·Aerogel Cerenkov Counter ­ . ·Time-of-Flight West ­ . ·Electromagnetic Calorimeter ­ . .



Muon Tracker ­ Muon Identifier ­ Muon Piston Calorimeter ­ , "".


Beam-Beam Counters ­ . Zero Degree Calorimeters and Shower Max Detectors ­ . Forward Calorimeters ­ "" ( d+Au). Multiplicity Vertex Detector ­ . Reaction Plane Detector ­ .


PHOBOS
PHOBOS . 2005 .

BRAHMS
Broad RAnge Hadron Magnetic Spectrometer BRAHMS . 2006 .


STAR
Solenoidal Tracker At RHIC

RHIC ­ STAR , . : TPC, SVT, FTPC, EMC.



TPC (Time Projection Chamber)
STAR ­ - (TPC), . TPC || 1.8 = 2. TPC ( 4.2 , 4 , 1 ) ( 0.5 ) 50 200 . TPC (10% , 90% ). 28 . . - . . .


SVT (Silicon Vertex Tracker)
SVT TPC. SVT 1 1 0 2. SVT 216 - , 6.9, 10.8 14.5 . - . SVT , , . 20 . , SVT , TPC. SVT . SVT TPC 7%. p/p = 0.02.


SSD (Silicon Strip Detector)
(SSD) 230 , || 1.2. (768 ) 20 , 106 . 16 . SSD . , (SVT) (TPC) . . SSD 30 R 860 Z.


FTPC (Forward Time Projection Chamber)
Ñ (2.5 || 4.0) = 2 - (FTPC).

FTPC 75 120 , TPC. FTPC ­ 50% Ar, 50% CO2. FTPC . , , . FTPC . FTPC 100 , 1-2 , 12-15%. .


TOF
TOF TPC. TOF STAR (Multigap Resistive Plate Chamber). STAR (TOF). , .. TOF. TPC . , , , , . , - .


STAR


CTB (Central Trigger Barrel)
TPC CTB.

CTB 240 , TPC. . CTB || < 1.0, = 2).


ZDC (Zero Degree alorimeter)

ZDC ­ , . 2 . , . ~18 . ZDC "" . , BBC, . , ZDC, .


BEMC (Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter)

BEMC ­ . , , . CTB 4800 ( ). (, ) = (0.05, 0.05). 16, (,) = (0.2, 0.2).


EEMC (Endcap Electromagnetic Calorimeter)

BEMC, EEMC ­ . TPC. 1 < < 2 0 < < 2. EEMC 720 ( ) (,) = (0.05, 0.1) (,) = (0.1,0.1). BEMC, 8 (,) = (0.3, 0.2).


BBC (Beam-Beam Counter)
BBC TPC. ( ), . . t = (tbbc1 + tbbc2)/2 z = c(tbbc1 - tbbc2)/2


FPD (Forward Meson Detector)
FMD , 2.5 < < 4.0 .

FMD . , , 3 < < 4.0, , Ñ , 2.5 < < 3.4. 2â2 2 . 476 , 788 Ñ . , .


STAR
, (dE/dx) - (TPC) (TOF)

0.5â1012

p/|Z| < 1.4 /c - 4 p/|Z| < 1.75 /c ­


He

He

3He (3 He ) 2.81 /2 4He (4 He) 3.73 /2 .

STAR 18 , 16 2010 . 2 2007 . 2010 ., .. 2007 . OF .


STAR
Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic 0Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 R ez/Prague, Czech Republic University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA


Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Physik, Munich, Germany Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia NIKHEF and Utrecht University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China SUBATECH, Nantes, France Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA


Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA Institute of Particle Physics, CCNU (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA University of Zagreb, Zagreb, HR-10002, Croatia


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