Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://nuclphys.sinp.msu.ru/mirrors/1999_8.pdf Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Tue Jan 13 15:51:51 2009 Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Mon Oct 1 23:48:41 2012 Êîäèðîâêà: Windows-1251

ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY OF COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES
A. V. BLINOV

-
Ä. Ç. ÅãàçéÇ
ëÌÍÚ-èÂÚ žÛ ,,ÒÍËÈ ,,ÓÒÛ ÒÚ,ÂÌÌœÈ ÚÂiÌË~ÂÒÍËÈ ÛÌË, ÒËÚÂÚ

Accelerator mass-spectrometry in less then twenty years has progressed from an idea to a powerful research tool. The basic concept of isotope ultra-low concentration measurements is briefly reviewed. Advances in applications of ion accelerators to studies of natural abundance of cosmogenic nuclides are discussed. ìÒÍÓ ËÚÂÎåÌfl ÏÒÒ-ÒÔÂÍÚ ÓÏÂÚ Ëfl Á ÏÂÌ ~ÂÏ ~ÂÚ, Úå ,ÂÍ Ô Ó?Î ÔÛÚå ÓÚ ËÂË Ó ÏÓÌÓ,,Ó ËÌÒÚ ÛÏÂÌÚ ÌÛ~Ìœi ËÒÒÎÂÓ,ÌËÈ. è Ë,ÂÂÌ ÓžÁÓ ÏÂÚÓÓ, ËÁÏ ÂÌËfl ÛÎåÚ ÌËÁÍËi ÍÓÌ^ÂÌÚ ^ËÈ ËÁÓÚÓÔÓ, Ë ÒÒÏÓÚ ÂÌœ ÛÒÔÂiË Ô ËÏÂÌÂÌËfl ÛÒÍÓ ËÚÂÎÂÈ ËÓÌÓ, Í ËÁÏ ÂÌË Ô ËÓÌÓ,,Ó ÒÓ ÊÌËfl ÍÓÒÏÓ,,ÂÌÌœi ÌÛÍÎËÓ,.

é íéå, äÄä êÄáãàóÄûí çìäãàÑõ

- . : 1400 , . , . 100% , , , . ? : - : ; - : , . ? . - , . , - . . . A T1/2 : N = 1,44T1/2A. ( ) , -, - - (). , . ,

¿ ÅÎËÌÓ, Ä.Ç., 1999

ÅãàçéÇ Ä.Ç. ìëäéêàíÖãúçÄü åÄëë-ëèÖäíêéåÖíêàü

71


, . , . , 100%, 10-15 1 . . T1/2 , , , . . , , - - , . , q, V , q F = qE + -- V × B , c E B - , - . , , , . 1 (. [1]). rE :

mV r E = --------- . qE , . ( ) mV r B = ------- , qB . , m / q. , , M1 M2 . , , , 1 2 , . , "" , , , "". - 10-10 . . , m / q, , , . . . , 14 12. 14+ 12+, 1 14 14N+ 12CH + . 2 12 14 (M / M = 1134 H2- 84 000 14 N-14) . , , 10-10. , , , .

2


r
E

r
H





1 2

. 1. . M1 M2 m / q, m - , q -

72

ëéêéëéÇëäàâ éÅêÄáéÇÄíÖãúçõâ ÜìêçÄã, <8, 1999


ÑéãÉéÜàÇìôàÖ äéëåéÉÖççõÖ çìäãàÑõ

, . , 1 - , , , 238 U 235U, (222Rn .), . , - . - . , , , . . 10 , . , 85 , , , 1936 . , . , : 14, 10, 26Al, 36 Cl, 129I. . 10, 1,5 . , 9 ( 4 × × 10- 6 /), 100 , "" . . -, , , . -,
1 , , . .

. , . (14) , [2]. [3]. , . 36l . . 36l , . 36l . . 26Al . , . , ( , 5 × × 1013 ) 26Al . : , , 10-12, . .
ìëäéêàíÖãú äÄä ùãÖåÖçí àáåÖêàíÖãúçéÉé ìëíêéâëíÇÄ

, - , , . . - , , ; - . 2 +, , , -. (Z, A) (Z + 1, A),

ÅãàçéÇ Ä.Ç. ìëäéêàíÖãúçÄü åÄëë-ëèÖäíêéåÖíêàü äéëåéÉÖççõï çìäãàÑéÇ

73


(. . 1). , ( ) . , , . . (L. Alvaretz) . (R. Cornog) 1939 . . , - () . . 2. , . -, -. . . Cs+ . , . , . , , , , .
0

(, 14N 14 26Mg 26Al), . m / q. . --, , - . . . -- , . , . , (SF6 2-4 ). , - , . , , , . . W, q ( ), V ( ) W = (1 + q)V , , q - . . m / q. , , , , . - ( E - E )-, . , , , - . ,

-


-


+V E-E

. 2. - - ()

74

ëéêéëéÇëäàâ éÅêÄáéÇÄíÖãúçõâ ÜìêçÄã, <8, 1999


1.
10

, . , ( , , ), (, , , ). .
ãàíÖêÄíìêÄ
1. .. . 5- . .: , 1968. . 3. . 412-414. 2. .. . 3- . .: , 1985. . 185-198. 3. .. : // . 1996. 11. . 66-72.

BeO C Al2O3 AgCl AgI

- , % 1 2 0,1 0,5 0,5 10-15 10-15 10-15 10-15 10-14

Be C 26 Al 36 Cl 129 I
14

, , ( ) - (E ) . . , -, , , . . 1 . : . , .

*** , - , - . . - , , - . 60 .

ÅãàçéÇ Ä.Ç. ìëäéêàíÖãúçÄü åÄëë-ëèÖäíêéåÖíêàü äéëåéÉÖççõï çìäãàÑéÇ

75