Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://nuclphys.sinp.msu.ru/mirrors/1996_02b.pdf Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Fri Jan 30 12:55:05 2009 Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Tue Oct 2 00:14:43 2012 Êîäèðîâêà: Windows-1251

RADIATION OF FASTER THAN LIGHT PARTICLES (CHERENKOV EFFECT)
S. P. DENISOV The history of the discovery and main properties of Cherenkov radiation are outlined. Modern applications of Cherenkov detectors in experiments in accelerators and with cosmic rays are discussed. Ç ÒÚÚå ÒÒÏÓÚ ÂÌœ ËÒÚÓ Ëfl ÓÚÍ œÚËfl, ÓžflÒÌÂÌËÂ Ë ÓÒÌÓ,̜ Ò,ÓÈÒÚ, ËÁÎÛ~ÂÌËfl óÂÂÌÍÓ,. éžÒÛÊÂÌœ ÒÓ, ÂÏÂÌÌœÂ Ô ËÏÂÌÂÌËfl ÂÚÂÍÚÓ Ó, ~ ÂÌÍÓ,ÒÍÓ,,Ó ËÁÎÛ~ÂÌËfl , ÍÒÔ ËÏÂÌÚi Ì ÛÒÍÓ ËÚÂÎfli Ë Ò ÍÓÒÏË~ÂÒÍËÏË ÎÛ~ÏË.

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.. " ", .. . .. , , , , : , , , . .. , , . . .. , , , , -

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C 90œ B

A

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. 1. .

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, , , ). , , 1 cos = ----- , n (2)

. (2): u cos = -- , u - , - . , - . . "" , . - . , , Ec pc , Ec = h , E c p c = ----c , c = -- , n c (3)

, . cos 1, n 1, c / n, ( - ) , (2). (2) , . , , , . ,

z

h - , - , c - , n - . , . m E p mc E = ----------------- , 2 1-
2

E p = ------ , = -- . c c

(4)

. 2. .

, . . 2 , > c / n. (2), . 2, "" , . , , . , , . 2, , , , . ,

z Ec (. 3). E '. , . 3, :
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c



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p' . 3. .

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2

(6)

= c / = c /(n) - , = h / p - . , (6) "" (2) , ( ) . , , , "" ( 4 10-7 ) n = 1,5. , , , , = 1/ n. : h h 2 = -- = ------------ 1 - = 2 me c p
e

n - 1,

2

e = 3,86 10- 13 - . , "" cos 2 10- 6. (2). , . , . . "" ? , . . 1905 . , 1958 , .. : , , , .

, ( ) . , , , ; , . . , .. -, , , , . : ... , . , .. "" . , (. ). , , , 1958 - . , e L = 2:
2 e2 1 dW -------------- = -- 1 - ---------2 . 2 c d d L n

(7)

. (7) , (2), (6), . - . 1 ÷ 2 , n , N, , L 11 2 2 N = 2 Z L ---- - ---- sin , 1 < 2 , 1 2 (8)

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= 1/137 - Z - . (8) . (n = 1,5) (n = 1,0003) , ( = 1) 1 (1 = 300 2 = 600 ).
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- ( ). . .
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( ) . (, , , , ) . ( ), , , . - , . . 4. , , r = (R /2)tg , R - . , . , , , (. (2)) , , r. , . . 5 , 660 n = 1,51. . .. (. ).

, n - ( ). (9) , "" , . / 10-6. , 1œ. (. (8)), ( ). , . , (mc2 = 140 ) (mc2 = 494 ) 40 /, (. ).
4.2. ë~ÂÚ~ËÍË ÚËÔ RICH Ò Â,,ËÒÚ ^ËÂÈ ÍÓÎå^ ~Â ÂÌÍÓ,ÒÍÓ,,Ó Ò,ÂÚ

. . RICH (Ring Imaging CHerenkov
r R/2 z



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counter). , , . ( , ), - . , .
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, . , , . , (), c (). . , , : . , , , . - . "" , - , , . , , . , . - KAMIOKANDE-II, 1 300 . 15,6 16 , ( 3000 ), . 55 . 1000 0,5 . Super-KAMIOKANDE, ( 50 000 ) 13 000 . Super-KAMIOKANDE 1996 . KAMIOKANDE , 1033 - 1034 . - (), . . ( 1,7 ), . , , . , - .

, , . , - (1012 ), , . - , - , . - -. 50- . . , .. .. . , -. , , ( , , ). -, , .

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