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Дата изменения: Thu Jun 10 18:39:20 2010
Дата индексирования: Sun Sep 12 11:32:11 2010
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Display of the basic functional properties of a landscape cover on the basis of the remote information for maintenance of initial landscape planning stages
A.N. Krenke, Yu.G.Puzachenko Lomonosov Mosc ow State University Fac ulty of Geography, 119899, Moscow, Leninskiye Gory 1, Russ ia, By -his -div ine-grace@yandex.ru Landsc ape c over - the concept meaning dis play of a terres trial surface biophysical properties. This concept his torically in many respects is c onnec ted to development of remote means of multispectral measurement of a condition of a terres trial s urface and first of all at the dec ision of the tasks connected to landscape planning. Field works especially in North regions are connected to the big material expenses, in view of it begins espec ially actual, at least, at initial stages of des ign and exploration work to use maximum full archives of the remote information, rec eiving on their bas is detailed enough display of the current and past condition of the major properties of a landscape cover. For achievement of this purpos e development of spec ial algorithms of the analysis of the remote information, prov iding not only allocation of the basic types of a landscape cover, but display of a spatial variation of its major properties is necessary: a hydrothermal mode, biological efficienc y, c harac ter and a degree natural and anthropogenous disturbance. In offered work the algorithm of c lassification using as initial given both own values of brightness spectral channels is examined, and indexes considered on their bas is , the part from which reliably enough reflects the certain physical properties of a terrestrial surface. The used method of dichotomizing hierarchical c lass ification "from the general to the particular" with the account, both territorial position of selected types, and values of indexes c onsistently allows to define their phys ic al sense of selected c lasses of a landscape c over. On the bas is of the received c lassification and its disc riminant analysis under the relation the initial variable poss ible to allocate conduc ting fac tors forming landscape s truc ture and to receiv e their c artographical display of their v alue. T he cons truc ted maps of a modern landscape cov er, as a first approximation allow to estimate problems with which c an face the designer: to estimate vulnerability of territories, to allocate potential objects of protection and to develop the most ec onomical and effec tive c ircuit of field researc hes . Allocated and quantitatively desc ribed the bas ic fac tors allow to construct at a qualitative level models of vulnerability of territories to various forms of infringements. In work the estimation of fire danger of territory in particular is s hown. Prec isely as it is possible to estimate engineering conditions of realization of planned works to allocate territories with the increased risk of failures of nonproduction construc tions, to allocate the most v aluable objects of protection, the most productive large forests and pas tures. At the same time thes e and similar res ults can be considered only as preliminary. Field researches should be organized s o that check up law dis played through hypothetic al landscape forming fac tors to rec eive for them the measured phys ic al c haracteristics and to define the geographical contents of the allocated types. The received set of optimum allocated field desc riptions will allow on the basis of application of multivariate methods of the analysis and interpolation to create statistical model of a landscape cover of territory with ample opp ortunities of its use at the dec is ion of c onc rete and nonproduction problems. Association of the remote information with digital elevation model essentially expands opportunities of the analys is of s truc ture of a landscape cover and creates a bas is for preliminary designing a network of supervision of monitoring projected nonproduc tion s ystems .