Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://www.chronos.msu.ru/old/RREPORTS/shnol_biologicheskie.pdf
Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Sat Dec 14 13:18:42 2013
Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Fri Feb 28 12:05:27 2014
Êîäèðîâêà: Windows-1251
BIOLOGOCAL CLOCKS: BRIEF REVIEW OF THE COURSE OF STUDIES AND THE MODERN CONDITION OF THE PROBLEM
S. E. SHNOL' In each animal and plant cell, there exist genes which determine the circadian periodicity of vital activity. These intracellular "clocks" adjust their course to the periods of the changes of night and day (the light and dark time of the day). Changes in temperature have little effect on these clocks. The "main" clocks are found in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and control the course of clocks in the other cells. Ç ÍÊÓÈ ÍÎÂÚÍ ÊË,ÓÚÌœi Ë ÒÚÂÌËÈ ËÏÂÚÒfl ,,ÂÌœ, ÓÔ ÂÂÎflË ÓÍÓÎÓÒÛÚÓ~ÌÛ (^Ë ÍÌÛ) Ô ËÓË~ÌÓÒÚå ÊËÁÌÂÂflÚÂÎåÌÓÒÚË. ÇÌÛÚ ËÍÎÂÚÓ~̜ "~Òœ" ÔÓÒÚË,Ú Ò,ÓÈ iÓ Í Ô ËÓÏ ÒÏÂÌœ Ìfl Ë ÌÓ~Ë - Ò,ÂÚÎÓ,,Ó Ë ÚÂÏÌÓ,,Ó , ÂÏÂÌË ÒÛÚÓÍ Ë ÏÎÓ Á,ËÒflÚ ÓÚ ËÁÏÂÌÂÌËÈ ÚÂÏÔÂÚÛ œ. Ç ^ÂÌÚ ÎåÌÓÈ Ì ,ÌÓÈ ÒËÒÚÂÏ ÊË,ÓÚÌœi ÌiÓflÚÒfl ",,Î,ÌœÂ" ~Òœ, ÛÔ ,ÎflË ~ÒÏË Û,,Ëi ÍÎÂÚÓÍ.

( )
ë. ù. òçéãú
åÓÒÍÓ,ÒÍËÈ ,,ÓÒÛ ÒÚ,ÂÌÌœÈ ÛÌË, ÒËÚÂÚ ËÏ. å.Ç. ãÓÏÓÌÓÒÓ,

¿ òÌÓÎå ë.ù., 1996

XVIII . . . . . 1729 . , , , ? . , , ? - ! "" . : - - ( ?), . , ( ) , . , , " ", ? ? , ? . 1758 , - , . (, , , , , , - ). 270 . .
ÇçìíêàäãÖíéóçõÖ êàíåõ ùçÑéÉÖççõ à èéÑëíêÄàÇÄûíëü ÇçÖòçàåà ëàÉçÄãÄåà

XX ? , ,

26

ëéêéëéÇëäàâ éÅêÄáéÇÄíÖãúçõâ ÜìêçÄã, <7, 1996


, : , ( ), - - . , ( ) , "" - "", " ", , . , , , - " " , . " " - - , , - . , , , , . , . , , . . , , . , , () - . ! , . . " " " " - . . - . - ! - . . , , . . . , . , ! - , , (Gonyaulax) ,

? . ? ? ? , - . ? , , . ? , , - ? , . - . - , , . , - - , , , , - ? . . , 24 . "" 22 ( 16) 28 , , , - "" () . , , 24- . - 48 16 . . , , , , . , - . ? , . : - - "". ? ? . , . , . ? ( ( ) .) : ? . . - ,

òçéãú ë.ù. ÅàéãéÉàóÖëäàÖ óÄëõ

27


- . : ? ( ) ( 1 ) 12- - . ? : (" ")? "", , , . : " " - ? - . : ? - , "", ? ? ? ? . - "" , , , , , , , . . . , , , , . (-) , .
ÅàéïàåàóÖëäàÖ äéãÖÅÄíÖãúçõÖ èêéñÖëëõ à ÇçìíêàäãÖíéóçõÖ óÄëõ

, . . , . . , 1951 , : ! - , , KBrO3 - ( , ). ( ) - - . ! . , , . , ... ( 1910 ). .. , .. . .. - .. , , . . "" - . 50- ( ). . . , , - 2 ( ""). - , . ( -6- -1,6-) . . , , , . " ",

50- , () . , , , , ? ? , . , . , -

28

ëéêéëéÇëäàâ éÅêÄáéÇÄíÖãúçõâ ÜìêçÄã, <7, 1996


, . , - - . . , , . . . - , . - - 34 CO2 H2O . , . - .. .. . . , , . . , , , ? , . - , , , . , , , . , , ? , , , , . , . "" , , "". , 0œ, . ( ), . , . , "" . , , : , , ( ).

. - . Gonyaulax. , . , , . , . . , , , . . , , , , , , . , , . : , , , . , , , , - - , - , . . . . ( ) " ". , . . - . , . . , , . , , , - -

òçéãú ë.ù. ÅàéãéÉàóÖëäàÖ óÄëõ

29


. , -, .. . , . , , , , , (, ) . ? , , , ? . , , .
ëìôÖëíÇìûí ÉÖçõ ÅàéãéÉàóÖëäàï óÄëéÇ

50 . . . , - . . . . . . per, . . - . . , per-, . . per- ; , , - . , . , - , . . , , , . ,

. - , , - . 1995 , per- . : . , , , . . , " " . . . "" . . . () - , . , ? . "", - (!). . - . .
êÖÉìãàêéÇäÄ óÄëéÇ êÄëíÖçàâ. îàíéïêéåõ

, , . , ( ) , . " " " ". , , . ? - . , , , . , : , . "

30

ëéêéëéÇëäàâ éÅêÄáéÇÄíÖãúçõâ ÜìêçÄã, <7, 1996


", , . . . . - " " - "" 660 ... - " ", "" 730 . ( ) "" : . : . , . - . . , . . 60- () . , , .
óÄëõ Ç éêÉÄçàáåÖ Çõëòàï ÜàÇéíçõï

, , , NO - . , NO - , 30 .. ( ). , , , . : . . NO .
ëìíéóçÄü èÖêàéÑàóçéëíú åéÜÖí Åõíú éóÖçú ëãéÜçéâ

, - . . , , , "", "" , . , . , , , - . , - , . , . . -

. . - , , - . , . , , - , , . . . .. , . .. , . , 2 - 3, 9 - 10, 14 - 15, 18 - 19, 22 - 23 . 5 - 6, 11 - 13, 16 - 17, 20 - 21 24 - 1 . , .. 5 - 6 22 , , , . , "" "" , 24 - 1 5 - 6 . ? , . .

òçéãú ë.ù. ÅàéãéÉàóÖëäàÖ óÄëõ

31


. . , , . , .
ãàíÖêÄíìêÄ
1. . ( ) / . . . .. . .: , 1961. 2. / . . . .. . .: , 1964. 3. / . . . .: , 1984. 4. .. . : . . -, 1987. 5. ., ., . / . . . .. . .: , 1983.

6. Pittendrich Colin S. Temporal Organization; Reflections of a Darwinian Clock Watcher // Ann. Rev. Physiology. 1993. V. 55. P. 17 - 54. 7. Millar A.J., Carre I.A., Stryer C.A., Chua Nam-Hai, Kay S.A. Circadian Clock Mutants in Arabidopsis Identified by Luciferase Imaging // Science. 1995. V. 267. 8. Huang Z.J., Curtin K.D., Rosbash M. PER Protein Interactions and Temperature Compensation of a Circadian Clock in Drosophila. // Science. 1995. V. 267.

*** , . .. , . (), , , . : , , , .

32

ëéêéëéÇëäàâ éÅêÄáéÇÄíÖãúçõâ ÜìêçÄã, <7, 1996