... 12a. Inner Belt . ... The inner radiation belt, discovered by Explorers 1 and 3, owes its existence to the extraordinary stability of trapped orbits near the Earth. ... If these are electrically charged, e.g. electrons or ions, they will often end up trapped by the Earth's magnetic field. ... The energetic protons which then materialize are grabbed by the Earth's magnetic field, often on trapped orbits which do not return to the atmosphere, in which the proton can stay trapped for a rather long time...

... The Chinese would certainly not have invented the magnetic compass. ... Chemically and mineralogically, the lodestone is magnetite, a massive type of iron ore, an oxide of iron, a mineral related the the brown stuff coating the magnetic disks and tapes used by computers. ... But even then, just resting a few million years in the Earth's magnetic field would produce no magnetization. ... Still, as Gilbert observed, in a long iron rod that magnetism was channeled to the ends, where it could be noted. ...

Belinda . Uranus XIV - 1986U5 . ... It is the ninth satellite out from Uranus and was discovered from the Voyager 2 photographs. ... Voyager 2 . ... 1986 . ... Mean density (gm/cm^3) . ... Orbital period (days) . ... This image of Belinda was acquired by Voyager 2 on January 23, 1986. ... Credit: Calvin J. Hamilton) . Belinda & Ring System . This image shows Belinda and the ring system of Uranus. ... Belinda is shown in the center of the small box and has been enlarged in the inset box. ...

Cosmic Research, Vol. 42, No. 5, 2004, pp. 435­488. Translated from Kosmicheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 42, No. 5, 2004, pp. 453­508. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Veselovsky, Panasyuk, Avdyushin, Bazilevskaya, Belov, Bogachev, Bogod, Bogomolov, Bothmer, Boyarchuk, Vashenyuk, Vlasov, Gnezdilov, Gorgutsa, Grechnev, Denisov, Dmitriev, Dryer, Yermolaev, Eroshenko, Zherebtsov, Zhitnik, Zhukov, Zastenker, Zelenyi, Zeldovich, Ivanov-Kholodnyi, Ignat'ev, Ishkov, Kolomiytsev, Krasheninnikov, Kudela,