Next: A Universal Diagram for Up: ``Ecology'' of Magnetic Rotators Previous: The Corotation Radius . The interaction of a magnetic rotator with the surrounding plasma to a large extent depends on the relation between the four characteristic radii: the stopping radius, , the gravitational capture radius,   , the light cylinder radius,   , and the corotation radius,   . ... Hence, the classification of the interaction regimes may well mean the classification of magnetic rotators. ...

... Archives . ... If you do not mind the time predictor, it is hard to believe that this is a light curve, time dependent data. ... It?s hard to say this data set is designed for time series analysis apart from the complication in statistical inference due to measurement errors. How to design the statistical study with measurement errors, huge gaps in time, and unequal time intervals is complex and unexplored. ... The following is R output without measurement errors. ... Chandra Blog . ...

... St Petersburg 23, September 2014 1 Motivation · Origin of Martian moons? ... Considered error sources: ­ Phobos a priori ephemerides; ­ Phobos a priori GM value; ­ measurements noise; ­ different strategies; · Methods: ­ real data analysis; ­ simulations. ... St Petersburg 23, September 2014 8 Simulations: sensitivity of the measurements to the a priori GM value Simulations: zero noise+ IMCCE a priori ephemerides +GMPH = 7.16 * 105 m3/sec2. ... St Petersburg 23, September 2014 14 Thank you! ...

The efficiency of interaction of radiation with a particle and hence its optical properties depend on the particle chemical composition, size, shape, structure, etc. ... Particle size expressed in units of the wavelength of incident radiation, together with chemical composition, most strongly affects the optical properties of a scatterer. ... There are many methods to solve the light-scattering problem for a homogeneous spheroid (our survey of the light-scattering methods see here ). ...

Next: Related Table Commands Up: Multivariate Analysis Methods Previous: Discriminant Analysis . Correspondence Analysis may be described as a PCA in a different metric (the metric replaces the usual Euclidean metric). ... While PCA is particularly suitable for quantitative data, CA is recommendable for the following types of input data, which will subsequently be looked at more closely: frequencies, contingency tables, probabilities, categorical data, and mixed qualitative/categorical data. ...

... Are HVCs a common feature of star forming galaxies? ... Consider the typical properties of the smallest HVCs (compact HVCs) found in HIPASS: . Distance . HI Mass . ... At 5 kpc . meager objects ~116 solar masses . ... 1.15 x 10 4 solar masses . ... Putman et al. (2003) found none to 10 7 solar masses. 2% of Sculptor to 3 x 10 6 solar masses by de Blok et al. (2001) found none. ... High velocity gas around other galaxies can be identified from maps and dynamics: . ... 2003) . ...

Authors: Yu.G. Shevelev , V.A. Marsakov , . ... We have constructed and investigated properties of metallicity function of disk stars with different ages, proceeding from the statistically restored real altitude distributions of stars at the solar galactocentric distance. It is shown that the metallicity distribution of stars in each age range is not of Gaussian form, but it may be considered as a superposition of two normal distributions centered at -0.2 and 0.0 dex. ...

... The orbit of this fragment H is considered as that of the maternal body. ... We have estimated the diameters of the maternal body for the different moments of disintegration. ... The 182 computations show that the maternal body of the nucleus was of 1.24 km in diameter, if its disintegration happened at the closest approach of the comet to Jupiter, and of 9.73 km, if the nucleus had been disintegrated two hours before the moment of approach. ...

Next: Some theory Up: userhtml Previous: Calibration . By many measures, the ATCA 3-mm observing band is a completely different domain to the other ATCA bands. ... Not surprisingly many aspects of the data reduction are also different. This chapter reviews the theory behind some of the differences, and then considers a practical approach to calibration. ... Antenna gain considerations and flux calibration . Instrumental phase . Atmospheric phase and phase calibration considerations . ...

... Formulas are very similar to equations. Consider for now only equations with one unknown variable , denoted by some letter, which can be x but can also be different. An equation is an equality between two mathematical expressions containing the unknown number (maybe in several places), as well as other numbers which are known. ... For instance--if you multiply two sides of a formula by the same number, the result is still a valid formula, even if what you multiply contains unknown numbers. ...

Synchrotron Radiation Emission from relativistic electrons gyrating round magnetic field lines. ... Different spectrum ( - optically thick - optically thin #" ! ... Can calculate radiated power from Larmor's equation. dipole pattern Mildly Relativistic Electrons Even for , relativistic beaming changes emitted spectrum significantly. Depar ture from dipole pattern and spectrum no longer a single emission line. gf !e d c 'b a` Y X h Ultra-Relativistic Electrons: Synchrotron Radiation B e v v|| v_ | ...

... In one situation, we can use light from quasars to probe the material between us and them because that light may pass through one or more galaxies or gas clouds on its way to us. The gas inside the galaxies or the intergalactic clouds acts then as a filter, absorbing selected wavelengths from the quasar light. ... Light from a quasar must pass through clouds of gas and even faint galaxies -- each leaving its imprint on the light -- before we receive it here on Earth. ... Gravitational lensing . ...

... In our numerical experiments we have mainly considered two test objects provided by R. Hanisch and characterized by different types of brightness distribution; one of the objects simulates an elliptical galaxy and the other one a star cluster with size 512 512 and 256 256 pixels, respectively. ... The best performances in the restoration of the star cluster image are provided by the R-L algorithm and the LWPOS one; they give accuracies of 6%and 5%, respectively (see Table 1). ...

... The greater the distance, the smaller the parallax. ... That triangle has the same proportions as the much larger triangle ABC, and therefore, if the distance B'C to the thumb is 10 times the distance A'B' between the eyes, the distance AC to the far landmark is also 10 times the distance AB. ... The most distant objects our eyes can see are the stars, and they are very far indeed: light which moves at 300,000 kilometers (186,000 miles) per second, would take years, often many years, to reach them. ...

... Around the center of the red galaxy image in the above photograph lie four blue "smudges." ... Shapley 1: An Annular Planetary Nebula . ... At that time, the center condenses into a white dwarf while the outer atmospheric layers are expelled into space and appear as a planetary nebula. ... After a Sun-like star can no longer support fusion in its core, the center condenses into a white dwarf while the outer atmospheric layers are expelled into space and appear as a planetary nebula. ...

... Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2011 August 14 . Tornado and Rainbow Over Kansas . ... During 2004 in Kansas , storm chaser Eric Nguyen photographed this budding twister in a different light -- the light of a rainbow . Pictured above , a white tornado cloud descends from a dark storm cloud. ... About APOD | ... NASA Official: Phillip Newman Specific rights apply . ...

... Russian KOI8 . ... Radio galaxies and cosmology [in Russian]) . ... The book is devoted to investigations of powerful radio galaxies in the different wavelength ranges. ... The history of study for radio galaxies is given and the outlook on radio galaxy exploring is considered. ... The cosmological tests to check the Universe evolution parameters constructed on the observational data of radio galaxies are considered in details. ... List of detected misprints (in Russian). ...

Chair of solid state physics . ... The Physics of Phonons . ... In the first part of the course “The Physics of Phonons” the dynamics of atoms in one- and three- dimensional crystalline lattices is considered in detail. The quasiparticle conception in solids, taking phonons as an example, is discussed; creation and annihilation operators of phonons, main properties of acoustic and optical phonons dispersion laws, density of phonon states. ... Crystalline state. ... Acoustic and optical phonons. ...

... This appartus will drop a mass from different heights. When the mass strikes the ground, some percentage of its original energy will be absorbed by the ground. ... The percentage of the energy which is absorbed by the surface on each "bounce" (EAS) . ... The impact velocity of the object will also be given at each bounce. ... Start= Drop the ball after Energy, Mass and EAS have been set; resume after step or pause has been selected . ... Reset = Reset experiment to intial values . ...

A visual impression of the data used in the study. The relevant extra-galactic maps are represented as shells of increasing distance from Earth from left to right. ... After this are six shells containing maps of the millions of distant galaxies used in the study. These maps are produced using different telescopes in different wavelengths and are color-coded to show denser clumps of galaxies as red and less dense regions as blue. There are holes in the maps due to data quality cuts. ...