3) Planets and Brown Dwarfs . ... By its nature, this method is most sensitive to massive planets orbiting close to their stars. ... That means that some of the more massive extrasolar planets could actually be brown dwarfs (although the statistics of the finds suggest that most of them are not). ... Another possible difference between brown dwarfs and massive planets is how they are born. ... They would base the fundamental definition on the mode of formation: a planet is built from planetesimals. ...

Next: Reduction procedure Up: Extinction and transformation Previous: Strategy . Standard stars can be included in the extinction solution, if one is careful. The problem is that there are usually appreciable ``conformity errors'' due to mismatch between the instrumental and the standard passbands [ 16 ]. ... Thus, it is wrong to assume that the transformation between the instrumental system and the standard system is exact, even if there were no measurement error in either system [ 1 ]. ...

... AMPLE (Adaptable Minor Planet Ephemerides) is integrated software package to deal with a number of problems concerning minor planets with the aid of IBM-type personal computer. ... compiling a list of all numbered minor planets which can be seen at certain moment within specified sky region and visualization of their mutual positions; . ... As AMPLE is able to reproduce virtually any table of "the Ephemerides of Minor Planets" , it may be considered as computer version of the EMP. ...

... The material in "From Stargazers to Starships" meets several important requirements of the national standards. Pages cited below are from National Science Education Standards National Academy Press, Washington 1995. ... For example: the sections on astronomy not only describe calendars and sundials (including their construction), but also the astronomy of the ancient Greeks, including two different ways in which ancient Greeks estimated the distance to the Moon. ...

... ATNF Home . About ATNF . ... About ATNF overview . ... Australia Telescope Steering Committee . ... Parkes radio telescope . ... Visiting Parkes radio telescope . ... Parkes radio telescope webcam . ... We discuss variations of the atmospheric extinction coefficients and transformation equations to the standard UBVRI system based on observations of standard stars during 1996-1997 at Siding Spring Observatory using a thinned SITe CCD and coloured glass filters. ... Standard System Transformations . ...

... The pinhole simulation program is a computationally and memory intensive task. ... A parallel version was developed instead, to enable distributed processing on a cluster of workstations. The program makes use of the Message Passing Interface (MPI) standard for parallel processing, implemented as an API (Application Programming Interface) to the Local Area Multicomputer (LAM) programming environment developed at the Ohio Supercomputer Center. ...

... The lines ( ) are equations: e.g., theoretical expressions for h/M, the Lamb shift, .. Some data are measured, a lot are derived: mp [kg], me [Mev/c2], .. ... for a `theoryґ for QHE steps rational universal relation to Needs for a `theoryґ for QHE steps rational universal relation to h block known from block input : h e NA h·NA h/me output me µB h block h block h block : the most important da t a h block : the most important da t a watt ballance Avogadro ...

Open Systems Handbook: A Guide to Building Open Systems . ... This book is designed to provide interested individuals and organizations with an overview of open systems and the work being done to achieve them. ... This section is organized using a descriptive model of an open systems environment developed by the IEEE PI 003.0 Working Group, which is developing the Guide to POSIX-based Open System Architecture. ... Standards for open systems 13 . Chapter 3: The open systems environment (OSE) 15 . ...

... The first step to improve the FORS calibration is therefore to obtain data to allow a computation of the illumination correction across the field. ... Another limitation on the calibration accuracy has been the brightness of the Landolt standards which have forced the use of extremely short exposures introducing small but non-negligible shutter-time errors and also resulting in a very small number of useful standards per frame. ...

Next: Buffer Manipulation Up: Programming in C Previous: Compiler Options . Listed below are nearly all the ANSI C standard library functions. The header file where related definitions are stored are given. These may vary on some systems so check local reference manuals. ... More info can be obtained from online man calls or reference manuals. Buffer Manipulation . Character Classification and Conversion . ... File Manipulation . ... Wed Sep 14 10:06:31 BST 1994 ...

... HST . WF/PC-1 Instrument Science Reports . ... Missions . ... Data . ... Annual Reports . ... Hubble Heritage Project . Future Missions and . ... Missions Office . ... HST Peer Review Process . Hubble Fellowships . Science Blog . ... HST Overview . Overview . ... Servicing Missions . ... Cycle 24 Announcement . Cycle 23 Results . ... Mid Cycle Submission . ... Phase II Cycle 23 . ... Reporting Problems . Retrieving HST Data . ... HST Science Year in Review . ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... The Magazine . ... Star Atlas . ... An artificial comet holds secrets to Earths life . ... Astronomy for Kids . ... Observing springtime deep-sky objects with a large telescope . ... The planet has extreme temperature swings and perhaps active lava flows. ... A digital supplement to Astronomy magazine. ... Join TravelQuest International with Astronomy and Discover magazines on one of three great tour options surrounding this celestial spectacle . ... Astronomy Magazine . ...

A problem, that can arise when moving from Fortran 77 to Fortran 90, is dependent on a usual deviation from the standard, and has to do especially with user programs. ... With many Fortran 77 implementations we wrote PROGRAM TEST REAL X WRITE(*,10) 10 FORMAT('Give X = ',$) READ(*,*) X WRITE(*,*) X END In Fortran 90 we use "non-advancing I/O" instead. ... In some old Fortran dialects the statement TYPE was used to write on a typewriter terminal and PRINT was used to write on the line printer. ...

... Using the self-consistent 3D hydrodynamical code in Kobayashi et al. (2007) , we simulate the star formation and chemical enrichment history of the Universe. ... We also predict the rates of supernovae and gamma-ray bursts, and the properties of the host galaxies, which will be observed with the ANU's new SkyMapper telescope. ... Supernova feedback on galaxy formation. ... Feedback from active-galactic nuclei (AGN). ... COALA : Universe Galaxy AGN Star Planet ...

During the course of its evolution, the Sun has accreted substantial quantities of material in the form of asteroids, comets, planetesimals and proto-planets. This debris is poor in hydrogen and helium and has substantially enriched the metallicity of the solar surface which must consequently be higher than that of the unobserved core. ... The solution may also explain the Faint Young Sun paradox and the inclination of the solar equator relative to the ecliptic. ...

... Video: part 1 [mp4] , part 2 [mp4] . The first part of the talk will be a short introduction the history of the study of Riemann's zeta function giving necessary (and, hopefully, sufficient) background for understanding the rest of the talk. The main part will be devoted to methods for calculating approximate values of the non-trivial zeros of Riemann's zeta functions, its values and values of its first derivative inside and outside the critical strip. ... Poncelet Laboratory web page . ...

... A2351 Date Received: 2007 -Oct-05 16:37:05 Technical Page Proposal Type: General Category : Sub- Category : Observation Category : Total Time Requested: Minimum Useful Time: Prop osal Title: ABSTRACT: Regular Astronomy Spectroscopy Galactic 84 Hours full sideral pass is the minimum Stalking the Cosmic 3-Helium Abundance Our measurements of 3-He in the Galaxy have led to The 3-He Problem whereby HII region abundances do not show the ...

... Web page with definition of what CAL is - e.g. "Ability to use poisson stats in data". ... Pre-flight qual assurance to include ground calibration. ... Idea of a calibration PI from instrument teams. ... Science working groups dont necessarily understand enough about instrumentation and CAL to set priorities correctly. ... The quality assurance issue is important - this way we can make the calibration more important during development and not get it squeezed at the end, just before launch. ...

Subject, Object and Problems of Astrophysics. Practical and Theoretical Astrophysics. ... Visual Telescope; Problems Which Are Solved with the Its Help. ... Resolution of Telescopes. ... Effectiveness of Telescope in Respect of Resolution. ... Optical Power of Telescopes for Star-like and Extensive Objects. Boundary Magnitude. Reasons of Light Dissipation in Telescopes. ... Spectral Instruments in Astrophysics. ... Basic Photometrical Ideas, Magnitudes and Their Measurement. ...