... specadd creates a multiple X-ray spectrum FITS file by stacking or putting together (``adding'') two single spectrum files. ... This type of spectral files is particularly useful when the user wants to simultaneously analyse different observations of the same object carried out with the same instrument or with different instruments. ... The Data extension for a multiple spectral dataset stores one single spectrum per row, instead of one channel per row as it is the case of single spectrum files. ...

Instrument Overview . ... Spectral Filters . Quantum Efficiency and Exposure Limits . ... Which Instrument to Use: WFPC2, ACS, NICMOS, or STIS? Comparison of WFPC2 and ACS . Comparison of WFPC2 and NICMOS . Comparison of WFPC2 and STIS . History of WFPC2 . ... WFPC2 . ... What's New in Version 5.0 for Cycle 10 . ... Calibration Channel . ... LRF Photometric Calibration . ... Wood's Filters . ... Sources of Dark Current . ... Calibration Plan Summary . Cycle 4 Calibration Plan . ...

IBIS Data Analysis . ... IBIS . ... Flat Fielding - Introduction . The images obtained by IBIS will have intensity variations across the field of view that are not due to the solar image, but rather caused by instrumental effects that alter the observed intensity in each point of the field of view. ... IBIS Flat Fielding Techniques . ... Therefore, it is desirable to obtain the flat field measurements center on a point along the equator near the heliographic center of the solar disk. ...

... This is possible at modest cost due to the low moments of inertia of the telescope and enclosure. ... This same performance will be achieved in higher winds when the telescope enclosure is facing away from the wind, or by using wind screens. ... The telescope system (MILT) will be remotely operable with an on-site operator's assistance by an astronomer located at one of the ARC member institutions. ... Mean Wind Speed . ... Offsets > 10 deg: 1 arc sec rms max . ... 5 sec max, tracking to tracking . ...

The VLTI Calibrator Selector Tool is a tool intended to assist in the selection of suitable interferometric calibrators for VLTI observations with MIDI and AMBER. It uses a model of the VLTI and its instruments to assess the fringe visibility, given the observed bandpass, the geometry, spectrum, and coordinates of the target and the time at which the observations are to be made. ... The tool offers an HTML/Java based interface and consists of two pages. ... The quality flag depends on LDD_chi2. ...

Next: Echelle Reduction Method Up: No Title Previous: Example . This Chapter provides the basic information necessary to understand the echelle љ package implemented in MIDAS . ... Tutorial examples are available in the system (command TUTORIAL/ECHELLE ) and are also included in the Appendix so that users without previous experience in MIDAS could become familiar with the calibration procedures. ... Reduction steps which are not specific to echelle spectra are described in more detail in Chapter . ...

... Up: Telescope and Instrument Control Systems . ... 216, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems IX, eds. N. Manset, C. Veillet, D. Crabtree (San Francisco: ASP), 271 . ... NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and AppNet, Inc. are developing AIML to command and control astronomical instruments. Our software architecture combines the platform-independent processing capabilities of Java with the power of XML. ... Instrument description is too tightly coupled with details of implementation. ...

... The x-ray spectral analysis consists of a comparison between the observed pulse height spectrum and a pulse height spectrum calculated using a given spectral model. ... To obtain the spectral parameters for an x-ray source, several steps need to be followed. For each source: . ... obtain the best fit parameters for a spectral model - repeated for each model of interest . obtain a 1-D or 2-D grid of values around the best fit values - this can be done for as many models as desired . ...

... Astrophysics Group . ... VSA . ... CAT . ... The Very Small Array is a custom-built radio telescope (operating between 26-36 GHz), designed expressly to make high resolution observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation on angular scales around and below one degree. ... The VSA has been operated in ?compact array? and ?extended array? configurations (see the technical description below) and data collected to achieve high sensitivity in both regimes have been analysed. ... 1.75 GHz)...

... The Miriad task uvgen can be used to simulate a variety of observing modes. ... Simulating a telescope approximately, let alone in some detail, requires a good many parameters. uvgen takes an appreciable number of parameters and input files to describe the telescope, correlator and source. Fortunately keyword and set-up files for some common situations exist ( e.g. simulating the ATCA and VLA). ... For example, to load typical parameters for the ATCA, use miriad% source $MIRCAT/uvgen.def.atca . ...

Beginning from the May of the 1997 we started to publish our daily solar radio observations at RATAN-600 radiotelescope. ... Periscope System: South Sector+Flat Mirror . ... It is possible to track a source by moving the secondary mirror along the arc-shaped railway tracks or to perform azimuthal 2D map synthesis . ... 1) It is possible to simultaneously carry out independent observing programs using individual sectors at various discrete azimuths and secondary mirrors on corresponding railway tracks. ...

Magnetic field measurements onboard the Interball Tail spacecraft are carried out by the FM-3I instrument which consists of two flux-gate magnetometers covering two different ranges: [-200, +200] nT and [-1000, +1000] nT. Besides scientific goals, the FM-3I experiment data is used to perform the attitude control of the Interball Tail spacecraft. ... August 22, 1995 . ... October 18, 1995 . Top of the page . ... Back to the Interball Home Page . ...

... GSAOI Home . Instrument . ... The Gemini South Adaptive Optics Imager (GSAOI) is a near-infrared adaptive optics camera that will be used with the Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) system on the Gemini South 8-m telescope . ... Gemini's major instrumentation goal is to develop its Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) system for scientific use on Gemini South. ... Existing adaptive optics systems use a single natural guide star or artifical laser guide star to measure this image blur. ...

. There are several different shells available for Unix; the most popular are described here. You can use any one of these shells if they are available on your system. And you can switch between the different shells once you have found out if they are available. Bourne shell (sh) . C shell (csh) . TC shell (tcsh) . Korn shell (ksh) . Bourne Again SHell (bash) .

Nalini Chandra & John Percy, University of Toronto . ... Some works to refer to when using multicultural astronomy in your classroom: . ... Nalini Chandra is a doctoral candidate at the University of Toronto in the Department of Curriculum Teaching and Learning at OISE/UT. ... OISE-University of Toronto . ... John Percy, Professor of Astronomy at the University of Toronto, is a Past President of the ASP, and is active in astronomy education at all levels. ... ASP Multicultural Astronomy Resources . ...

... Exposure Time Calculator (ETC) . ... ESO - Public Surveys . ... the recommended values to use for DIT, . ... Detector on-chip integration (DIT): seconds. to your chosen value - a separate page gives recommended values to use for DIT - for modes 1 and 2 below you may wish to start with the maximum recommended values as these will minimize the effect of read noise (a total object exposure of Y secs with DIT=X secs will produce Y/X lots of read noise) and give you a lower limit on the time needed. ...

... Instrument Description . Software: Version 4.0 . Version 3.0:Complete Documentation . ... ИОНОЗОНД ПАРУС, разработанный в ИЗМИРАН, предназначен для диагностики ионосферы и оперативного прогноза КВ связи. ... Общая структура ИОНОЗОНДА ПАРУС, Технические Характеристики , Конструктивные параметры на настоящий момент соответствуют модификации Комплекса: ВЕРСИЯ 3.0 . ... Там же находится полное описание Комплекса ИОНОЗОНД ПАРУС: ВЕРСИЯ 3.0 . ... 2004 IONOSONDE PARUS ...

On combined processing of different space geodetic observations . ... A software for combined processing of different space geodetic observations is developed along with the work on the co-location of various observational techniques at the observatories of Quasar VLBI network. ... Various aspects of the combined processing of different types of space geodetic observations are also discussed. ... space geodetic observations, combined processing, normal equations, software package, SINEX-format. ...

Next: AO data and AIPS++ Up: Spectral-Line Observing at AO Previous: Useful Stuff . There are currently a number of ways you can convert Arecibo data into other data formats, and a variety of support levels for different data analysis programs. As a result it is feasible to reduce your Arecibo data with a wide range of data reduction software. ... In the following two section we describe spectral line data analysis in two of the available data reduction packages - Analyz and AIPS++. ...

... Navigation in the near planetary space, Mars and Phobos observations. ... navigation in the near-planetary space based on images of Mars, Phobos and the starry sky; . Phobos high resolution imaging; . ... angle               angle . ... Number of TV-cameras                     2                       2 KNM — Mars Observation Camera — is being designed as the scientific instrument of the Phobos-Grunt mission. ... Both instruments are developed for Russian Phobos-Grunt project. ...