... HST . ... Missions . ... Data . ... Future Missions and . ... Missions Office . ... HST Peer Review Process . ... HST Overview . Overview . ... Servicing Missions . Phase I Proposing . ... Cycle 24 Announcement . Cycle 23 Results . ... Phase II Cycle 23 . ... Retrieving HST Data . ... Target Acquisition Reference Information . Table 7.3 on page 98 lists the effective areas of the four acquisition mirrors (in cm2) as a function of wavelength, to use to predict acquisition count rates. ...

The Behaviour of the XMM­Newton Background: From the beginning of the mission until January 2008 XMM-SOC-USR-TN-0014 issue 2.0 P.M. Ro drґ iguez­Pascual and R. Gonzґ alez­Riestra XMM­SOC User Supp ort Group March 3, 2008 1 Intro duction This do cument sup ersedes XMM-SOC-USR-TN-0014, issue 1.0. ... For this purpose we have examined the background in RGS1 and EPIC­pn science observations taken from the beginning of the mission until January 2008. ... RGS1 is shown in black and EPIC­pn in red. ...

ALMA | ... In this section, we explain why we need to correct phase fluctuations and ALMA's strategy to do this. Rapid fluctuations will be corrected with water vapour radiometers (WVRs). The Cavendish Astrophysics Group was also a leading contributor to the ALMA prototype WVRs, which were put through their paces in tests at the Submillimeter Array (SMA). ... The Cavendish Astrophysics Group in partnership with the Onsala Space Observatory built two prototype WVRs for the ALMA project. ...

... 2000 December 30 . A Year of Resolving Backgrounds . ... Explanation: No matter which direction you look, no matter what type of light you see, the sky glows - but why? ... In microwave light , the BOOMERANG and MAXIMA-1 missions resolved with new clarity the seemingly uniform microwave background . ... Pictured above , a map spanning ten degrees of the microwave sky resolves the microwave background into hot and cold spots, as indicated in micro kelvins . ... About APOD | ...

... European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-1) was launched on 17 July 1991, and the follow mission ERS-2 (with the same sensors and an Ozone monitoring instrument added) was launched on 21 April 1995. ... ERS-2 has a fixed repeat cycle of 35 days, and follows ERS-1 tracks with one day's delay. ... Swath width is 102.5 km (telemetered), spatial resolution is about 25x25 m. The Advanced SAR (ASAR) instrument is carried by ESA's ENVISAT satellite launched on 1 March 2002. ... Swath . ... Spatial Resolution...

Next: The Scenario Machine: Operational Up: Evolution of Magnetic Rotators Previous: Ejector-propeller hysteresis . ... The length of this segment is determined by the eccentricity. ... In this case no hysteresis occurs and transitions E -- P and the reverse take place in symmetrical points of the orbit. ... Here EP means a mixed state of the rotator at which it is in the ejector state during one part of the orbit, and in the propeller state during the rest of the orbital cycle. ...

... This noise can be reduced by replacing the pixels with an average of the surrounding values using a linear filter. ... The effects of applying linear filters to a CCD frame is shown in Figure . Figure: Different digital filters applied on a CCD image: (A) original, (B) block filter, (C) smooth filter, and (D) Laplacian filter. ... To remove stellar images from a picture of comet Halley, the results of applying different non--linear filters to the frame are given in Figure . ...

Use procedure average to average point data. ... Warning(AVERAGE): no BackgndRate for OB=1, CH=11, scan= 1, Star: BSC1788 . ... Important : before beginning with the calibration, it is necessary to flag all incoherent scans since they are no longer needed. ... Begin calibration by displaying the plot widgets for averaged visibility data using Calibrate|Visibility|PLOT. ... Plot this selection of visibility amplitudes on baseline 1 of both spectrometers, for the four selected channels. ...

... Matching the Surface of Best Focus . ... The plug-plates of SDSS project are responsible for locating the optical-fiber plugs spatially and for defining the plug tilt with respect to the surface of best focus. ... Approximately 670 holes are drilled in each plate. ... In the first attempts to match the curvature of the plug-plates to that of the best focal surface, the bending fixture was set upon 3 6.630mm metal supports that were affixed to a table top and spaced 120 apart. ...

... Variations in water level along coastlines can be used to drive turbines technology is the same as low-head hydro power . ... Intermittent tidal flow is major problem. Tidal facility produces about 1/3 the electrical energy of a hydro facility of the same peak capacity . Two tidal plants in the world: . ... Bottom Line: There aren't many favorable sites in the world for tidal power and the estimated capacity is 50 times smaller than the world's hydroelectric power capacity. ...

... Values have been scaled arbitrarily. High ratios are shown in blue, corresponding to blue colors, and low ratios are shown in red, corresponding to red colors. ... Noise combined with background subtraction difficulties in the lower left quadrant of the WISP1 data (see Fig. \ref{Fig:wisp_snr_mskd}) make colors in this area very unreliable. ... The values shown here are typically a factor of ~3 less than those calculated for the Schmidt data, shown in Figure \ref{Fig:bj_alpha}. ...

On the plot the spacecraft geocentric distance are shown as a function of the UT . The UT (days and parts of days) is shown along the X-axis, the geocentric distance (Earth's radii) - along the Y-axis. On the plot concerning to the separate spacecraft the line is labelled by the simulative regions' symbols and colour. ... On the summary plots the different colours are used for each of the 4 spacecraft. In this case the SC names are shown by the corresponding colours. ...

Close binary systems of the RS CVn and Algol type are characterized by a highly variable radio emission, from typical flux densities of a few mJy during low-activity (quiescent) periods, up to 1 Jy during strong flares. The origin of this radio emission is attributed to the gyrosynchrotron mechanism. Several observations of these stars have shown an evolution of the radio spectrum during both the rising and decay phases of flares. ...

An Ancient Universe: How Astronomers Know the Vast Scale of Cosmic Time . MAPPING THE COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION . This map, made from data gathered by the COBE spacecraft, shows the intensity of the left-over radiation from a period not long after the Big Bang. Tiny variations (shown by the different colors) in the intensity of this radiation show where matter in the early universe was more densely or less densely concentrated. ... Return to An Ancient Universe . ...

... Brightness measurements from different angles have shown Saturn's rings to be about one kilometer thick, making them many times thinner, in relative proportion, than a razor blade. This thinness sometimes appears in dramatic fashion during an image taken nearly along the ring plane. M83: The Southern Pinwheel Galaxy from VLT . ... Apollo 17: Last on the Moon . ... If you could see one of the robot rovers currently rolling across Mars, what would it look like? ... The Last Moon Shot . ...

AMPLITUDE AND PHASE VARIATIONS OF THE CHANDLER WOBBLE FROM 164-YR POLAR MOTION SERIES Z.M. MALKIN, N.O.MILLER Central Astronomical Observatory at Pulkovo of RAS Pulkovskoe Ch. ... The CW amplitude and phase variations were examined by means of several methods which yield very similar results. ... To extract the CW amplitude and phase variations from the filtered PM series two different techniques were used. ... The CW amplitude variations are shown in Fig. 1 for two methods used. ...

... Photos . Rainbow in Cambridge . ... Different phases of the lunar eclipse . ... Копосов Сергей , 2003-2007 . Koposov Sergey , 2007 ...

The cosmic microwave background, shown at left in this illustration, is a flash of light that occurred when the young universe cooled enough for electrons and protons to form the first atoms. ... The universe then went dark for hundreds of millions of years until the first stars shone and the first black holes began accreting gas. A portion of the infrared and X-ray signals from these sources is preserved in the cosmic infrared background (CIB) and its X-ray equivalent, the CXB. ...

... HOME . ... Richard J. Edgar, Project Scientist . DXS, the Diffuse X-ray Spectrometer instruments were flown on the STS-54 mission of the Space Shuttle Endeavour in January of 1993. ... A Summary of the First Results from the Diffuse X-ray Spectrometer Experiment . ... In January of 1993 the Diffuse X-ray Spectrometer (DXS) instruments flew on the STS-54 mission of the Space Shuttle Endeavour. ... The DXS x-ray spectrum from the diffuse background in the constellations of Puppis and Auriga. ...

... Get used to using the mouse and its buttons for such tasks. Figure out the function of each of the three mouse buttons. ... Fire up textedit application and practice editing text files. ... Figure out basic options like cut and paste of text around the file, saving and loading files, searching for strings in the text and replacing strings. ... Familiarise yourself with other UNIX functions by creating various files of text etc. and trying out the various functions listed in handouts. ...