... In brief: the frequency-dependent radiative transfer equation is solved for a dust under assumption of spherically-symmetric geometry for its distribution taking into account particle size distribution and quantum heating effects for the very small dust particles. ... Table: Model parameters for IRAS04296+3429. ... parameter . ... hot dust shell) . ... The best fit to the spectral energy distribution of IRAS04296 is shown by heavy solid line (see Table2 for details concerning parameters of the model...

... Herschel imaging of nearby galaxies undertaken as part of the KINGFISH project allows us to map the dust as seen in emission with unprecedented sensitivity and ~1 kpc resolution. We present here new optical integral field unit spectroscopy for eight of these galaxies that provides complementary 100-200 pc scale maps of the dust attenuation through observation of the reddening in both the Balmer decrement and the stellar continuum. ... ADS Citation Query . ... citations vs. year [year,citations] . ...

... Let be a random deviate which follows a Poissonian probability distribution about the expectation value . Although the Poisson distribution itself is only defined for integer , one can find the following continuous `envelope function' to the Poisson values: . ... where is the gamma function . ... The expectation value of is . ... Equation 5 is used both in the present program and in boxdetect to estimate the null-hypothesis probability distribution of the weighted sum of Poissonian images. ...

... Our resulting sample of ELGs presented in Tables 2 and 3 is not artificially biased to any specific type of galaxies. ... Since we are looking for selection of a sample of Case BCGs, it is interesting to examine how the detected BCGs are connected with Case emission-line codes. ... Altogether BCGs comprise about 60 % of all Case ELGs which display emission lines in our spectra, or about 44 % of all Case galaxies with some emission-line code. ... Among those with the code ``w'' about 40 % are BCGs. ...

Toward a Quantitative Interpretation of MidIR Spectra of Galaxies B. Nikolic (NRAO), P. Alexander (Cambridge), M. Clemens (Padova), D. Ford (Cambridge), G. Cotter (Oxford), M.S. Longair (Cambridge) The Method Starburst99 + Comprehensive dust model + Simple radiative transfer Allows investigation of the effects of starburst age, metallicity, IMF etc. ... Appropriate for midIR models since only UV/optical photons are important in exciting the emission. ...

... Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, +44 (0)28 3752 2928 . ... While the traditional statistics of impact craters allow us to determine the cumulative meteoroid flux on the lunar surface, the recent successful identification of fresh craters in orbital imagery has the potential to directly measure the cratering rate of today. Time-resolved recordings, e.g., seismic data of impacts and impact flash detections clearly demonstrate variations of the impact flux during the lunar day. ...

An investigation of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the compact steep-spectrum (CSS) source and possible radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy (NLS1), PKS 2004-447, is presented. ... Analysis of a non-contemporaneous, low-resolution optical spectrum suggests that the narrow-line region (NLR) is much more reddened than the X-ray emitting region suggesting that the gas-to-dust ratio in PKS 2004-447 may be very different than in our own Galaxy. ...

... Abstract: We present Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations for spiral galaxies modelled as a stellar disk and a two-phase clumpy dust distribution. ... As a general result, clumpy models are less opaque than the corresponding homogeneous models. ... 0.00 0.15 0.50 0.1 0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0 10.0 0.25 X . ... We have also produced several homogeneous models, to compare to the clumpy models. ... Homogeneous and clumpy models with the same tauV have the same dust mass. ...

H I Self-Absorption (HISA) arises from cold H I gas in front of warmer H I emission at the same velocity. HISA is thus a unique probe of the velocity and temperature structure of the Galactic ISM, from sub-parsec scales within clouds up to multi-kiloparsec scales across the disk. ... To address this question, a series of simple H I radiative transfer models of the Galaxy will be presented. ...

... The distribution of redshifts among the DXRBS FSRQs identified so far (Figure 3) is quite similar to that of the 1 Jy and S4 samples. ... A more thorough comparison will have to await completion of our survey and the convolution of the redshift distribution with the WGACAT sky coverage. As has already been mentioned by Hook et al. (1996), selecting flat-spectrum sources is an efficient way of finding high-redshift, radio-loud quasars. ...

... For instance, known errors in the line locations, as well as missing lines with only minimal information, can be included directly during fitting. ... The Markov Chain Monte Carlo based method also naturally produces error estimates on the fit parameters.1 Keywords: Differential Emission Measures, Emissivity Matrix, Atomic Data Error, Capella INTRODUCTION The differential emission measures (DEMs) is the distribution of the amount of material in coronae as a function of temperature. ...

... COMPUTER SIMULATION OF RADIOWAVE MULTIPLE SCATTERING EFFECTS IN IONOSPHERE USING MONTE-CARLO METHOD . ... Distribution of reflected radiation on the ground is computed. ... Such influence can be remarkable if the scattering is multiple, i.e. the optical thickness for the scattering process is considerably greater than a unit. ... Radiation energy transfer in the slab is modeled by distribution of some particles carring small portions of radiation energy. ... The isotropic plasma approximation is...

Following are instructions to build and install the programs in this distribution. Make sure that you have all necessary tools for building executables. ... The automatic build process expects a configuration file called Config.local . ... The configuration file specifies the directory in which to install the binaries, as well as control over the generation of debugging code and reference clock support. ... Cleans out object files, programs and temporary files. make distclean . ...

The radial distribution of metallicity of star-forming galaxies in a galaxy cluster can inform us about the mass assembly and enrichment history of the galaxy cluster. ... Both galaxy clusters are cool-core clusters at redshift z т?? ... The gas-phase metallicity of star- forming galaxies in MACS1115+01 exhibit anti-correlation with projected distance т??0.15 ТБ 0.08 dex/Mpc, whereas the radial metallicity distribution of RXJ1532+30 is statistically flat (т??0.09 ТБ 0.12 dex/Mpc). ...

... 295, 2003 H. E. Payne, R. I. Jedrzejewski, and R. N. Hook, eds. Generalized Self-Calibration for Space VLBI Image Reconstruction Sergey F. Likhachev Astro Space Center, Profsojuznaya 84/32, GSP-7, 117997, Moscow, Russia Abstract. Generalized self-calibration (GSC) algorithm as a solution of a non-linear optimization problem is considered. ... The GSC-algorithm was implemented in the radio astronomy imaging software pro ject Astro Space Locator (ASL) for Windows developed at the Astro Space Center. ...

... Moscow, Russia E-mail: krivosheev@iki.rssi.ru Notes: · · The Monte Carlo method (s) is also called the statistical test method An innumerable number of processes can be listed the outcome of which is not determined and has probabilistic nature, but these processes obey statistical laws, so to obtain the result we have to make multiple similar tests, i.e. to use the MC method Because probabilistic processes are widely spread in nature, the MC ...

... We present simple stellar collapse physical model which allow us estimate the time evolution of the most important physical parameters of Black Holes --- mass and specific angular momentum and disk formation time. ... The disk accretion play important role in acceleration of BH rotaion. The BH specific angular momentum can reach value more than $0.9$ for wide range of stellar envelop angular momentum. Then with out disk accretion in case of power low stellar envelop it limited by value $0.45$. ...

... Fitting the observed dependence includes calculations of the polarization cross-sections averaged over particles orientation and size distribution, their normalization and the comparison of obtained dependencies with Serkowski's curve representing observational data for a chosen star. ... Variations of the polarization factors with wavelength are shown in Fig. 16 for homogeneous spheroidal particles with PF orientation. ... The distinction between prolate and oblate spheroids is also clearly seen. ...

... Galaxies 99 Cosmic background with model of cloudy interstellar medium Yu. ... Figure 1: Averaged spectrum of the cosmic background I f in frequency range 0.25 200 MHz for the Galactic poles. ... First interpretation of the cosmic noise background spectrum at broad band frequency range 0.25 200 MHz with a model of the cloudy interstellar medium ISM is presented here. ... Synthesized background spectra I f for regions of the Galactic poles at the frequency range 0.25 200 MHz is presented in Fig. ...