... Variations in water level along coastlines can be used to drive turbines technology is the same as low-head hydro power . ... Intermittent tidal flow is major problem. Tidal facility produces about 1/3 the electrical energy of a hydro facility of the same peak capacity . Two tidal plants in the world: . ... Bottom Line: There aren't many favorable sites in the world for tidal power and the estimated capacity is 50 times smaller than the world's hydroelectric power capacity. ...

... A detector map is used to provide a grid of positions over which to calculate and flux weight the ARF. The default detector map is 'flat' which has a weighting of 1.0 for each detector map pixel and is rectangular having sides which just encompass the region specified in the DSS. Only detector map pixels falling within the source region are included in the ARF calculation, e.g. for a circular source box, the pixels in the corners of the detector map will be ignored. ... flat : . ...

... 2006 April 27 . NGC 4696: Energy from a Black Hole . Composite Image Credit: X-ray in red - NASA / CXC /S.Allen (Kavli Inst., ... This composite image illustrates one example of an elliptical galaxy with an efficient black hole engine, NGC 4696 . ... Exploring NGC 4696 in x-rays (red) astronomers can measure the rate at which infalling matter fuels the supermassive black hole and compare it to the energy output in the jets to produce giant radio emitting bubbles. ... About APOD | ...

... The low energy plasma composition spectrometer AMEI-2 is built to be able to find in the low energy range of the phase space (E, q, j) and separate the fluxes of the major ion species in the magnetotail - H+, He++, He+ and O+, and analyse their energy and angular distributions. ... Electrostatic angular scanning in one direction and the use of the spin of the satellite to sample the other angle give the ability to measure 2-D distributions for each ion specie several times per spin. ...

energy levels: (2-4,9,11-13) Jupen, Isler Trabert, MNRAS *264* 627 (1994) %energy levels: Corliss Sugar, J.Phys.Chem.Ref.Data *11* 135 (1982) %theoretical energy levels: from a 4 configuration model of "superstructure" used to mimic the Flower collisional model %comment: The third column of energies denotes energies "rescaled" from the output of "superstructure". ... For the levels for which we don't have observed energies, we subtract the averaged difference for the particular parent configuration. ...

11 august 2014/Monday: Arriving, Registration . ... The variation of solar flare coronal X-ray source spatial properties. ... Melnikov V.F., Charikov Yu.E., Kudriavtsev I.V. Directivity of X-ray and gamma-ray emission from different parts of flaring magnetic loops. ... E., Melnikov V.F. Angular characteristics of polarization degree of hard X-ray emission from different parts of flaring magnetic loops. ... The thick target model and analytical calculations of the hard X-ray emission from solar flares. ...

... Timeline . ... Belts . ... Energy . The Earth actually has two radiation belts of different origins. ... The name "radiation belt" is usually applied to the more energetic part of that plasma population, e.g. ions of about 1 Mev of energy (see energy units ). The more numerous lower-energy particles are known as the "ring current", since they carry the current responsible for magnetic storms . ... The Ozone Hole and the Magnetic Field (1) . ... Radiation Belts and Manned Space Flight . ...

... Research objects and scientific purposes . Space scientific program includes development and launch of two supersmall spacecrafts "Universitetskiy" and "Kompas-2" intended for monitoring of radiation conditions near the Earth. ... All the studies conducted in the near-Earth space are characterised by strong radiation fields. ... The circular polar orbits, which cover all the near-Earth space, are the most favorable for comprehensive studies of the radiation conditions near the Earth. ...

... Why is spiral galaxy Centaurus A in so much turmoil? ... Earth at Night . ... This is what the Earth looks like at night. ... Ancient Volcanos of Mars . ... Rays from an Unexpected Aurora . ... Spiral Galaxy NGC 2997 from VLT . ... NGC 2997 is a grand design spiral galaxy. ... NGC 2997, pictured above, is speeding away from us at about 1100 kilometers.. The Galactic Center A Radio Mystery . ... Tuning in to the center of our Milky Way galaxy, radio astronomers explore a complex, mysterious place. ...

... Archives . ... If you do not mind the time predictor, it is hard to believe that this is a light curve, time dependent data. ... It?s hard to say this data set is designed for time series analysis apart from the complication in statistical inference due to measurement errors. How to design the statistical study with measurement errors, huge gaps in time, and unequal time intervals is complex and unexplored. ... The following is R output without measurement errors. ... Chandra Blog . ...

... For SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) analysis, a solid surface is bombarded by primary ions of some keV energy. ... The subsequent mass analysis of the emitted ions provides detailed information on the elemental and molecular composition of the surface. ... Extremely short ion pulses with a duration below . ... By rastering a fine-focussed ion beam over the surface, like an electron beam in an electron microprobe, mass resolved secondary ion images (chemical maps) can be obtained...

... On the modeling of the late optical afterglows from cosmological gamma-ray-bursts . Interaction of cosmological gamma-ray burst radiation with the dense interstellar medium of host galaxy is researched. Gas dynamical motion of interstellar medium driven by gamma-ray burst is investigated in 2D approximation for different initial density distributions of host galaxy matter and different total energy of gamma-ray burst. ...

... During the analysis of the surveys carried out on RATAN-600, it was found that almost one fifth of the detected sources shows significant radio flux variations. ... We used the data from "Cold" radio surveys carried out with RATAN-600 in 1980-1994 to search for radio sources with significant flux variability. ... On possibility of detection of variable sources using the data of Cold surveys carried out on RATAN-600. ... Detection of Variable Sources Using the Data of "Cold" Surveys. ...

Paolo Padovani , II Universit di Roma , Paolo Giommi , ASI, SDC and Fabrizio Fiore, ASI, SDC and Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma . Original Version: MNRAS, (1997), 284, 569 . Text copyright (c) 1997. ... We study the X-ray spectra of 114 flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQ) using the hardness ratios as given in the WGA catalogue of ROSAT sources. ... We find that FSRQ have a distribution of energy spectral indices ranging between 0 and 3 with a mean value alpha_x ~ 1. ... Figure 1 (13kb) . ...

. a) . b) . Fig. 2 Seebeck coefficient S (see Eq.1) in Kondo metals: left is Au+Fe for different iron concentrations, S ~ 10 m V/K ; right is La(Ce)B 6 for different Ce concentrations, S ~ 100 m V/K .

MODERN APPROACHES TO CALCULATION OF THE PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS FOR ENERGY STORAGE A. Kabanov Samara State University The modern technologies demands to compact and effective rechargeable systems of energy storage. ... In this work we investigated the activation energies of one promising compound ­ Li2CoPO4F using combination of two methods ­ ab-initio and geometrical calculations. ... The nudged elastic band (NEB) method is adopted to find the kinetic energy barrier along diffusion pathways. ...

Synchrotron Radiation Emission from relativistic electrons gyrating round magnetic field lines. ... Different spectrum ( - optically thick - optically thin #" ! ... Can calculate radiated power from Larmor's equation. dipole pattern Mildly Relativistic Electrons Even for , relativistic beaming changes emitted spectrum significantly. Depar ture from dipole pattern and spectrum no longer a single emission line. gf !e d c 'b a` Y X h Ultra-Relativistic Electrons: Synchrotron Radiation B e v v|| v_ | ...

The project of the informational system creation on the problem of evolution of radio galaxies, as a part of the "Big Trio" project aimed on studing of distant radio galaxies, is designed. This system allows a user to operate with simulated curves of spectral energy distributions (SED) to estimate ages and redshifts by photometry data. Authors use SEDs of several models for different types of galaxies. ... The HTTP and e-mail access is organized to this system. ...

The efficiency of interaction of radiation with a particle and hence its optical properties depend on the particle chemical composition, size, shape, structure, etc. ... Particle size expressed in units of the wavelength of incident radiation, together with chemical composition, most strongly affects the optical properties of a scatterer. ... There are many methods to solve the light-scattering problem for a homogeneous spheroid (our survey of the light-scattering methods see here ). ...