Next: Star Formation Rate and Up: No Title Previous: Calculation of Evolutionary Tracks . To start calculations, we choose the distributions of the initial binary parameters: the mass of the primary ZAMS component, , binary mass ratio, , orbital separation a . ... whereas the mass ratio distribution is not. ... The zero assumption often made is that the mass ratio distribution has a flat shape, that is binaries with a high mass ratio occur as frequently as those with equal masses. ...

... In brief: the frequency-dependent radiative transfer equation is solved for a dust under assumption of spherically-symmetric geometry for its distribution taking into account particle size distribution and quantum heating effects for the very small dust particles. ... Table: Model parameters for IRAS04296+3429. ... parameter . ... hot dust shell) . ... The best fit to the spectral energy distribution of IRAS04296 is shown by heavy solid line (see Table2 for details concerning parameters of the model...

... Using the central limit theorem, the total noise can be approximated by a Gaussian or normal distribution which has the frequency function : . ... where is the mean intensity of the source. ... In the statistical analysis of the probability distribution of data several estimators based on moments are used. ... For a normal distribution, these moments are and while for a Poisson distribution are and . Besides these moments other estimators are used to describe a distribution e.g. median and mode . ...

... Archives . ... Poisson vs Gaussian . ... Probability density functions are another way of summarizing the consequences of assuming a Gaussian error distribution when the true distribution is Poisson. We can compute the posterior probability of the intensity of a source , when some number of counts are observed in a source region, and the background is estimated using counts observed in a different region. ... Tags: background , gaussian , PDF , Poisson . ... Chandra Blog . ...

... Using simulated clusters and Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling of the probability distribution functions, we show that estimates of the MF slope, ЮБ, are unbiased and that the uncertainty, Ю?ЮБ, depends primarily on the number of observed stars and on the range of stellar masses they span, assuming that the uncertainties on individual masses and the completeness are both well characterized. ...

... Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, +44 (0)28 3752 2928 . ... Distribution of the speed w of ejecta (bold curve) relative to a platform moving with a horizontal speed of 1650 m/s and at an altitude h=30 km above the lunar surface. The assumed distribution of the ejection speeds at the surface is a power law with a low cutoff value of 100 m/s and an exponent of 1.2. ... The same conclusion holds for the speed distribution of particles near the surface. ...

The steps in making a pointing model are listed below. ... While tracking the source rise to set, the tiedowns are pulled through a range of about 14 inches (taking 14 minutes) . ... We need a strong point source as sband because we want to measure the peak even when we are out of focus (so we can determine the best za location). ... Time: this takes about 80 hours (averaging 2 hours/source with wait time.. ... so 4 days 12 hours a day will probably work when you include the time for the source. ...

... Generalized maximum entropy method and its application to antenna pattern reconstruction. In this paper the Generalized maximum entropy method and its application to the reconstruction of two-dimensional complex functions (namely, far-field antenna pattern distribution) from nonuniformly distributed samples are considered. ... It is shown that the Generalized maximum entropy method is sufficiently stable in the presence of errors. ...

... A Bayesian value for may be found simply by treating it as another parameter in our hypothesis space. ... where in the last factor we can drop the conditioning on since it is alone that induces the data . ... Evaluating the appropriate Gaussian integral gives . ... Nevertheless, for realistically large data sets, the distribution is so strongly peaked that it overwhelms any reasonable prior on , and so we assign the Bayesian value of the regularisation constant to be that which maximises . ...

... Let be a random deviate which follows a Poissonian probability distribution about the expectation value . Although the Poisson distribution itself is only defined for integer , one can find the following continuous `envelope function' to the Poisson values: . ... where is the gamma function . ... The expectation value of is . ... Equation 5 is used both in the present program and in boxdetect to estimate the null-hypothesis probability distribution of the weighted sum of Poissonian images. ...

... The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is used to synchronize the time of a computer client or server to another server or reference time source, such as a radio or satellite receiver or modem. ... Information on the NTP architecture, protocol and algorithms can be found in the Further Information and Bibliography page. The Building and Installing the Distribution page presents an overview of the procedures for compiling the distribution and installing it on a typical client or server. ...

... According to the most popular cosmological paradigm, the greater part of the galaxy mass is accumulated in the dark matter halo. ... The polar ring galaxies (PRGs) reveal external rings or disks of gas, dust and stars rotating in a plane roughly perpendicular to the disk of the central galaxy. ... The shape of the dark halo in the model was chosen so as to achieve the best fit to the observed rotation of both galaxies themselves and their polar rings. ... The SPRC-7 galaxy. ...

... We present a computer program for modelling energy flux distribution and light curves of eclipsing binaries from far ultraviolet to infrared regions. The Roche model is assumed. Proximity effects of components (reflection of radiation and surface gravity darkening) are taken into account. ... Figure 1: The surface temperature distribution for Algol A-B system before (upper plot) and after (lower plot) correction for temperature due to the irradiation effect. ...

... Searching for Far Out and Wandering Worlds . ... The Real Reality Show: Would aliens be anything like us? ... The SETI Institute is after alien signals. Assuming another world is beaming a 1-million-watt radio signal in our direction, how far away can that source be before the signal is lost in intergalactic noise? ... Get instant access to subscriber content on Astronomy.com! ... If you are already registered on Astronomy.com, please log in below. ...

Program: ROTMOD Purpose: This program calculates the rotation curve for a truncated exponential disk (Casertano, M.N.R.A.S., vol. 203, p735-p747, 1983), or for any other user supplied density law. ... USER= DISK radial surface density distribution supplied by the user [Y], or a truncated exponential surface density distribution. In case the user wants to supply his own density distribution, the following two keywords will be asked: UNITS= Enter units of radius and surface density [KPC,MSUN/PC**2]. ...

spaceweb@oulu.fi - last update: 28 May 1995, 0800 UT . Advanced plasma theories are extremely important when one tries to explain, for example, the various waves and instabilities found in the plasma environment. ... In the kinetic theory it is necessary to know only the distribution function for the system of particles. ... The dependence of the distribution function on the independent variables r , v , and t is governed by an equation known as the Boltzmann equation . ... Hot plasma theory . ...

... COMPUTER SIMULATION OF RADIOWAVE MULTIPLE SCATTERING EFFECTS IN IONOSPHERE USING MONTE-CARLO METHOD . ... Distribution of reflected radiation on the ground is computed. ... Such influence can be remarkable if the scattering is multiple, i.e. the optical thickness for the scattering process is considerably greater than a unit. ... Radiation energy transfer in the slab is modeled by distribution of some particles carring small portions of radiation energy. ... The isotropic plasma approximation is...

... St Petersburg 23, September 2014 1 Motivation · Origin of Martian moons? ... Considered error sources: ­ Phobos a priori ephemerides; ­ Phobos a priori GM value; ­ measurements noise; ­ different strategies; · Methods: ­ real data analysis; ­ simulations. ... St Petersburg 23, September 2014 8 Simulations: sensitivity of the measurements to the a priori GM value Simulations: zero noise+ IMCCE a priori ephemerides +GMPH = 7.16 * 105 m3/sec2. ... St Petersburg 23, September 2014 14 Thank you! ...

... Class . ... FRAMES NO FRAMES All Classes . ... FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD . DETAIL: FIELD | ... java.lang.Object ij.plugin.Distribution . ... public class Distribution . ... This plugin implements the Analyze/Distribution command. ... This method is called when the plugin is loaded. void . ... Constructor Detail public Distribution () . ... This method is called when the plugin is loaded. 'arg', which may be blank, is the argument specified for this plugin in IJ_Props.txt. ...