... Stellar Evolution is driven entirely by the never ending battle between Pressure and Gravity . As imbalances are reached, the star is driven to find a new Energy source. ... Pressure and gravitational forces are equal, the star is stable and its core is sufficiently hot to fuse Hydrogen into Helium More about main sequence stars . ... The luminosity generated by the core fusion of Helium into Carbon is far greater than the shell luminosity associated with the fusion of Hydrogen into Helium. ...

The pipeline calibrated data are not flux calibrated and the data are in units of Data Numbers (DN). However, a flux calibration is supplied in the header keywords. ... where m is in the STMAG system which is based on a spectrum with constant flux per unit wavelength set to roughly match the Johnson system at V. The more conventional systems are based on Vega's spectrum. Table 8.1 was generated using SYNPHOT to provide rough conversions from STMAG to the Johnson UBVRI and Cousins RI systems. ...

... The first step to improve the FORS calibration is therefore to obtain data to allow a computation of the illumination correction across the field. ... Another limitation on the calibration accuracy has been the brightness of the Landolt standards which have forced the use of extremely short exposures introducing small but non-negligible shutter-time errors and also resulting in a very small number of useful standards per frame. ...

Next: GRISMCAL Up: COLORTRANS Previous: Generation from Ground Calibration Contents . The transformations from the OM instrumental system to the standard Johnson's system were established based on in-flight observations. ... We have derived the flux conversion factors from OM observations of seven spectrophotometric standard stars (white dwarfs: Hz4, GD50, GD153, LBB227, BPM16274, Hz2 and G93-48). ...

... The New 1997 IEEE Standards Products Catalog features the complete listing of standards publica-tions and services IEEE Standards offers, along with the information you need to place your order. ... Books and Other Products on Standards - contains a detailed listing of informative print and electronic publications relevant to standards and their implementation in areas of electrical engineering, electronics and computer technology. ... IEEE Standards Products Listing 22 . ... Power Electronics 41 . ...

Next: Reduction procedure Up: Extinction and transformation Previous: Strategy . Standard stars can be included in the extinction solution, if one is careful. The problem is that there are usually appreciable ``conformity errors'' due to mismatch between the instrumental and the standard passbands [ 16 ]. ... Thus, it is wrong to assume that the transformation between the instrumental system and the standard system is exact, even if there were no measurement error in either system [ 1 ]. ...

... The material in "From Stargazers to Starships" meets several important requirements of the national standards. Pages cited below are from National Science Education Standards National Academy Press, Washington 1995. ... For example: the sections on astronomy not only describe calendars and sundials (including their construction), but also the astronomy of the ancient Greeks, including two different ways in which ancient Greeks estimated the distance to the Moon. ...

... Updates to HST Standard-Star Fluxes . ... These data are in an STScI data base named CRCALSPEC and have been divided into two categories to help the user understand the origin and accuracy of these flux distributions. ... 1990, ApJS, 73, 413) and Oke (1990, AJ, 99, 1621) spectra are available. Oke (1990) used the DoubleSpectrograph on the 5-m Hale Telescope to obtain these spectra for HST calibration; and these data are identified in the HST data bases by the keyword OBSMODE=OKE DBSP. ...

... You need to decide which standard of rest you would like to use. ... You also need to decide how you want this correction to be applied - to the center of each correlator board or to the four boards as a whole (thereby preserving the topocentric frequency offset between the boards). Typically, this choice depends on whether each board is centered on a known spectral line, or if you are doing a search in velocity space for an object. ...

... New IRAF tools for the photometric calibration of optical/IR images are presented. The new tools are standard star catalog and world coordinate driven, requiring both accurate standard star catalog coordinate and accurate image coordinate data. Network access to standard star catalog servers is supported. ... The photometric calibration software will automatically convert the standard star coordinates from the standard star coordinate system to the image coordinate system. ...

... A total of 19 standard observing bands are defined at the VLA. ... The tables below describe the bands. ... VLA STANDARD BANDS - VLA SYNTHESIZER SETTINGS VLABAND VLAFEAB VLAFECD VLASYNA VLASYNB FLUKEA FLUKEB FEFILT CC 0.00 0.00 3860.1 3810.1 100.00000 200.00000 0000 UU 19.60 19.60 3610.1 3660.1 100.00000 200.00000 0000 KK 17.60 17.60 3860.1 3810.1 100.00000 200.00000 0000 LL - 3.20 - 3.20 3639.9 3560.1 100.00000 200.00000 0000 XX 13.40 13.40 3939.9 3889.9 ...

... Книга Николая Гавриловича Курганова (1725-1796) - талантливого самородка, солдатского сына, пробившегося благодаря своим способностям и трудолюбию в науку и в двадцать лет получивший звание "ученого подмастерья", а тридцать девять - профессора математики и навигации. ПИСЬМОВНИК стал настольной книгой многих поколений русских людей на протяжении четырех царствований - от Екатерины до Николая Первого. ...

... Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4 . Apache > HTTP Server > Documentation > Version 2.4 > Miscellaneous Documentation . ... This page documents all the relevant standards that the Apache HTTP Server follows, along with brief descriptions. ... http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata.php - RFC Errata . ... This document summarizes the history of HTML development, and defines the "text/html" MIME type by pointing to the relevant W3C recommendations. ... HTML documents are SGML documents. ...

. Unix considers any device attached to the system to be a file. And that includes your terminal! . By default, a command treats your terminal as the standard input file from which to read in information. Your terminal is also treated as the standard output file to which information is sent from the command. This action can be changed by redirecting standard input and standard output from and to any other file. Redirecting standard input . Redirecting standard output . Appending standard output to a file .

. alpha quartz from Voronkova et al. (1965) . (and from Kikoin 1972?) as given by Zolotarev et al. (1984) . Use our codes to transform the standard data files to another form. Back to paper page . Last modified: 10/09/98, V.I.

This section of library contains information about "classic" Star Catalogs. ... For a Henry Draper Catalog 272149 stars have received a total of 531,211 identifications in 7 сatalogs: . 270456 - in Astrographic Catalogue ( "Carte du Ciel", 4M), . 251943 - in Guide Stars Catalog (GSC), . ... A file with information on the components of 1788 of multiple systems in catalog HDEC (3681 component, or a combination thereof, with 4054 recording). ... A file with information about 21971 variable stars. ...

A problem, that can arise when moving from Fortran 77 to Fortran 90, is dependent on a usual deviation from the standard, and has to do especially with user programs. ... With many Fortran 77 implementations we wrote PROGRAM TEST REAL X WRITE(*,10) 10 FORMAT('Give X = ',$) READ(*,*) X WRITE(*,*) X END In Fortran 90 we use "non-advancing I/O" instead. ... In some old Fortran dialects the statement TYPE was used to write on a typewriter terminal and PRINT was used to write on the line printer. ...

Next: Buffer Manipulation Up: Programming in C Previous: Compiler Options . Listed below are nearly all the ANSI C standard library functions. The header file where related definitions are stored are given. These may vary on some systems so check local reference manuals. ... More info can be obtained from online man calls or reference manuals. Buffer Manipulation . Character Classification and Conversion . ... File Manipulation . ... Wed Sep 14 10:06:31 BST 1994 ...

. md5 [ -0123456789 ] [ -h] file . This program generates the message digest of the given file using the RSA Message Digest 5 (MD5) and other selected algorithms. If file is not given, the program uses the standard input. -0123456789 . Select algorithm from the following list . -0 null . -1 MD5 . -2 SNEFRU . -3 CRC32 . -4 CRC16 . -5 MD4 . -6 MD2 . -7 SHA . -8 HAVAL . -9 null . -h . Display the result in hex; the default is base-64 . David L. Mills (mills@udel.edu)

... Posts tagged ?standard candle? ... In addition to Bayesian methodologies, like this week?s astro-ph, studies on characterizing empirical spatial distributions of voids and galaxies frequently appear, which I believe can be enriched further with the ideas from stochastic geometry and spatial statistics. Click for what was appeared in arXiv this week. ... 1 Comment . ... If you find any problems of viewing the slog, please notify me. ... Entries RSS . ... Entries (RSS) and Comments (RSS) . ...