... Bojan Nikolic web pages (r. 329) . ... Using high-resolution three-dimensional realisations of turbulent fields, we investigate the limits on achievable performance of atmospheric phase correction using water-vapour radiometers arising from following effects: the incoherent measurement of power from water by the radiometers (in contrast to coherent detection of the astronomical signal); the different tapers of the response patterns of the astronomical and radiometer receivers; and, the ...

... the radiative transfer equation (RTE) for the randomly-irregular magnetized plasma has been derived on the base of general grounds of the multiple scattering theory . ... Solutions of several absolute tasks of the scattering theory have been obtained (on the optical depth of the ionospheric plasma layer, on the value of radio wave anomalous attenuation, on anomalous refraction, on the backscattered signal intensity for the source being placed within a plasma layer). ...

ABSOLUTE PROPER MOTIONS OF 331 OPEN CLUSTERS . ... The proper motions of stars in the fields of 331 open clusters were taken from Four-Million Star Catalog (4M-catalog) of positions and proper motions (Volchkov et al. ... The absolute proper motions for 21 young open clusters have been derived by comparison of precise relative proper motions of individual stars and their corresponding absolute proper motions. ... Sign of proper motions in RA . ... 0.0001 arcsec/yr . ... rms error in RA proper motion . ...

PRE-COSTAR FOS APERTURE THROUGHPUT VARIATIONS DUE TO OTA FOCUS CHANGES D. J. Lindler and R. C. Bohlin FOS Instrument Science Report CAL/FOS-102 93 August ABSTRACT Since the throughput of the FOS entrance apertures depends on the HST focus, estimates of absolute fluxes from observed count rates require a correction for focus effects. ... The 4.3 arcsec aperture throughput observed by a 1.43 arcsec high diode array varies by approximately 10% over this range. ...

... To derive the motion of a penny dropped inside an airliner moving at 600 miles/hr (about 1000 km/hr)--should we calculate it with respect to the interior of the airliner, or with respect to the ground? ... And if a similar penny is let go inside an orbiting spaceship--should its motion be calculated relative to the interior of the spaceship, or relative to the Earth outside? ... Each such choice is known as a frame of reference . Some possible frames are -- the interior of the airliner, . ...

... The RA and Dec coordinates are computed using the pointing direction of the OM camera as the origin, and because the RA and Dec coordinates of this point may not be exactly the same as the coordinates deduced from reference to a catalogue (differences of a few arcsecs in RA and Dec are typical), omsrclistcomb (in a similar fashion to omatt ) allows the user to determine these shifts and correct the source positions. ... Successful Astrometry Correction . Unsuccessful Astrometry Correction . ...

The vertex system provides a voltage from each motor amplifier that is proportional to the absolute value of the torque. On 19jun02 the dome was moved from 2 degrees za to 19.5 degrees za and back down to 2 degrees za at .02 degrees/second (half slew rate). ... The motors are numbered 11,12,21,21,31,32,41,42 going uphill to downhill. ... When coming downhill, the motors must hold the weight of the dome - the frictional force (the frictional force helps the motors rather than opposing them). ...

Next: The Quasi--Newton Method. Up: Outline of the Previous: The Newton--Raphson Method. ... At each iteration, one computes . ... Neglecting the second derivatives matrix , we obtain the ``normal equations'' and the Gauss--Newton direction . This so--called Gauss--Newton method is intended for problems where is small. ... The algorithm implemented here is a modification of that Gauss--Newton method, that allows convergence even for rank deficient Jacobians or for large residuals. ...

... Electrons . ... 4a. Electric Fluid . ... First electric currents were brought up, in connection with Oersted's work. ... An electric current is essentially the continuous flow of electric charge. ... By long tradition, the direction of the electric current is defined as the direction in which positive charges move. ... Currents that flow may depend on such voltages, but don't look to Ohm's law for guidance, because the flow of current is primarily dictated by magnetic fields, which makes a...

... The Second International Astronomy Olympiad . ... Problems to solve, 8-10 Form Text of these problems is available in Russian too. ... Two stars have the same absolute magnitude. ... The orbital period of Mars is 687 days. ... See problem 2. for 8-10 Form. ... Problem to solve, 9-12 Form Text of the problem is available in Russian too. ... Problem is about Doppler-effect, to find velosities of two stars using their spectra and spectrum of our Sun, to estimate speed of the Earth moving around the Sun...

... Classes . ... casa . casa::MSSelUtil< T > . Static Public Member Functions . Helper class for MSFlagger with templated static function. ... List of all members. static Array < Float > . diffData (const Array < T > &data, const Array < Bool > &flag, const Array < Bool > &flagRow, Int diffAxis, Int window, Bool doMedian= False ) . ... template<class T > . static Array < Float > casa::MSSelUtil < T >::diffData . ... Bool . ... Generated on Fri Sep 3 2010 13:08:40 for casacore by 1.7.1 ...

... Spring Dust Storms at the North Pole of Mars . ... Stars and Dust Through Baades Window . ... Billions of stars light up the direction toward the center of our Galaxy. ... The December solstice brings the beginning of Winter to Earth's Northern Hemisphere and Summer time to the South! This view of Earth's Southern Hemisphere near the beginning of Summer was created using images from the Galileo spacecraft taken during its December 1990 flyby of our fair planet. ... RAPTOR Images GRB 021211 . ...

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... Development of Ideas of Structure and Evolution of Stars. Integral Features of Stars, Which Determine Their Structure, Direction and Rate of Evolutuion. ... Connection between Potential and Thermal Energy of Star. ... Structure of a Main Sequence Star. Features of Massive Stars Evolution on the Main Sequence. Internal Structure of the Sun. ... White Dwarfs, Their Features. ... Evolution from the Main Sequence of Massive Stars. ... Evolution of Small Mass Stars till White Dwarfs Sequence. ...

... Basic Observables: Zero-differenced phase and code ionosphere-free combinations of global GNSS network stations, corrected by P1-C1 satellite code biases (cc2noncc), daily observations with 30 seconds sampling rate Sites coordinates : IGb08 reference frame coordinates and velocities Displacements: solid tides, ocean loading, pole tide loading (IERS 2010) Geometric model : Receivers antennas eccentricities, absolute receiver and ...

This colorful display shows tiny differences (or "anisotropies") in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) over the entire sky. The average temperature is just 2.73 kelvins (2.73 degrees Celsius above absolute zero), and the temperature differences span mere millionths of a degree. ... Until now, part of the Milky Way's motion inferred from the variation in the CMB was unexplained. Astronomers have discovered that the Milky Way and neighboring galaxies are being pushed from the Local Void. ...

... Fitting the observed dependence includes calculations of the polarization cross-sections averaged over particles orientation and size distribution, their normalization and the comparison of obtained dependencies with Serkowski's curve representing observational data for a chosen star. ... Variations of the polarization factors with wavelength are shown in Fig. 16 for homogeneous spheroidal particles with PF orientation. ... The distinction between prolate and oblate spheroids is also clearly seen. ...

... Directions to MRO and Current Road Conditions . You Can Get There From Here (but it isn't easy!) This is a map of how to get to the Manastash Ridge Observatory. ... Please note that as of the winter of 2002 the state in its infinte wisdom has seen fit to save the many salmon in the Manastash Creek by plowing under the Riggs Canyon Road. ... You will travel about 108 miles on I-90 before seeing the Canyon Road exit. ... Umptanum Road is 0.5 miles from the Canyon Road exit. ...

Fast algorithm of reconstruction of absolute conductivity distribution in a cross-section of human body by measurements of electrodes' potentials on the skin surface is described. ... This paper describes fast algorithm for absolute conductivity reconstruction and results of its application. ... The main problem under the absolute image reconstruction is obtaining of reference data, corresponding to the object with uniform conductivity and the same electrode positions. ...

... 2008) 29, 363­366 Error Minimization of Polynomial Approximation of Delta T Islam Sana1, , Sadiq Muhammad1 & Qureshi Muhammad Shahid2 1 2 Department of Applied Physics, University of Karachi, Pakistan. ... Polynomial approximations have been developed to obtain the values of T for any time of a year for the period AD 1620 to AD 2000 (Meeu 2000) as no dynamical theories describe the variations in T . ... Meeus, J., Simons, L. 2000, Polynomial Approximation of Delta T, Br. ...