. This diagram shows a small table with three transparent cells and illustrates how their final background is determined. The table consists of two rows. Four (labeled) cells lie in the first row, but the second cell spans the first and second row. The first, third, and fourth cells of the second row are "empty". Each non-empty cell has a red background and a double black border. Each empty cell has the table's background color (specified as #ff0) as its own. Return to image.

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• Long description of example of cell background calculation
• Background color examples

... When creating a mosaic from a set of individual frames, the correct background offset for each frame must be determined for proper matching. In this paper we describe a method for constructing a mosaic from a set of individual frames by applying a minimization technique. ... Typically these are frames with some known defect (see ? ... Determining which frames to exclude from the final mosaic is critical, since one bad frame can create background offset errors that propagate throughout the mosaic. ...

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• An Extragalactic Point Source Simulator for SIRTF Pipeline Testing
• Recreating Einstein Level One Processing Exposure Masks and Background Maps in
• A New Entropy Measure Based on Multiple Resolution and Noise Modeling

... This example uses an error array to determine the errors in the radial profile. task: imcnts . ... xs imcnts err=vigsnr_err expo=xdata$snr_exp.pl expthr=95.0 bkgdex=xdata$snr_exp bkgdth=95.0 bkgderr=vigsnr_err # Run the imcnts task with the appropriate parameters source image file : vigsnr # vigsnr.imh source region descriptor: a 300 300 0 50 n=5 # 5 annuli centered at 300 , 300 , 0 and 50 pixels min/max radius background image file or cts/pixel: cr # From the same ...

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• Filtering ROSAT HRI data on the basis of background level
• The AstroStat Slog Blog Archive Background Subtraction [EotW]
• The AstroStat Slog Blog Archive Significance of 5 counts

... Update to the COS FUV Dark Rates and Impact on ETC Calculations for Background Limited Observations . ... http://www.stsci.edu/~COS/fuv_darks/dark_vs_time_FUVA.png . http://www.stsci.edu/~COS/fuv_darks/dark_vs_time_FUVB.png . The ETC value for the COS/FUV detector dark rate is 4.0x10-6 counts/s/pixel for both segments. ... However, proposers considering COS/FUV observations of faint, background-limited targets may want to adjust their ETC calculations to use the lower background rate. ...

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• WFC3 Instrument Handbook
• STIS Instrument Handbook
• ACS Instrument Handbook

... Meta Index / Home Page This section documents warnings and errors generated by this task (if any). ... error . ... The time series has no data subspace. ... The task calculated that no events from the background data set passed the selection expression. corrective action: The background time series in the output will be zero-valued. deprecatedUnit . ... There is neither a POISSERR keyword nor an ERROR column in the time series. corrective action: Poissonian errors assumed. illegalTwoAxisDssFilter . ...

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• Description
• The detection threshold

My research is focused on applications of the mathematical language of geometric algebra. ... Geometric algebra can be applied to any subject in mathematics, physics or engineering which is in some part rooted in geometry. ... A black hole has a spectrum of gravitational bound states in much the same manner as the Hydrogen atom. These have only recently been determined, and are contained in the paper Bound States and Decay Times of Fermions in a Schwarzschild Black Hole Background . ...

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• Research David Buscher
• PPEUC Programme - Cosmic Microwave Background Workshop
• OptInt PmWiki : PmWiki / Wiki Style Examples

T he Siding Spring Survey (SSS) is a Near-Earth Object search program that utilises the 0.5-m Uppsala Schmidt Telescope at Siding Spring Observatory, N.S.W., Australia. ... The mission of the Siding Spring Survey is to contribute to the inventory of near-earth objects (NEOs), or more specifically, the potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) and comets (PHOs) that may pose a threat of impact and thus harm to civilization. ... Based on the CSS Mission page . ... Siding Spring Survey Main Page . ...

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Noise Equivalent Passband . ... Schade showed that the noise bandwidth was a good subjective measure of image quality. ... The mean square value of the gradient Q'(x) of the intensity distribution across and edge trace, within certain limits, normalized to unit intensity difference. ... It should be emphasized that subjective sharpness is dependent on the actual intensity step, or contrast, at an edge, as well as the intensity profile across the edge. ... Considering the case of a single bar target. ...

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• FIT/ROMAFOT
• Alternative construction
• Removal of particle hits

These routines are meant to provide support for work functions. ... Test for pending work functions waiting to be called. w_do_work . ... List work function priorities . ... This routine will register a routine which is called whenever a new work function is registered. Parameters: . ... This routine will determine if there are any pending work functions waiting to be called. ... Only when the work function at the top of the list is unregistered will the next work function be called. ...

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• Package: xc
• NOTE 224 ? AIPS++ Least Squares background
• PPTA Wiki | Projects / HellDown

Next: Evolution of Supernova Explosion Up: Gravitational Waves from Coalescing Previous: Gravitational Waves from Coalescing . The stochastic binary background produced by nearby galaxies from Tully's catalog at the frequency  Hz is shown in Figure  49 in terms of average strain metric amplitude per square degree in a given direction ( l , b ) on the sky: . where the sum is calculated over all sources in the given square degree of the sky; we assumed . ...

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• Calculation of Evolutionary Tracks
• Gravitational Waves from Coalescing Compact Binary Stars
• Initial Distributions of Binary Parameters

... The Time shift for April, 17-18 20 April 1999 . ... The INTMINS April 1999 operations schedule was done on the base of the MIR ground track long-term prediction using the MIR's orbital elements status on 29/03/99 . ... The investigation of the time shift behaviour was began before 29/03/99 on the base of the different orbital elements determined (by KIAM RAN) 22/03/99, 25/03/99 and continued on the base of the orbital elements determined at 31/03/99, 5/04/99. ... Modified 20 April 1999  ...

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• The INTERBALL Auroral PROBE orbital elements collections
• STDA files
• About modification of the INTERBALL orbital elements

... The Race to Reveal Our Universe . ... Credit: BOOMERANG Project , NSF Explanation: A race is underway to understand our universe through background radiation produced during its infancy. Observationally, increasingly accurate balloon experiments are pressing to beat future space-faring satellites to definitive measurements of universe-determining spot characteristics of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. ... Publications with words: universe - cosmic microwave background radiation . ...

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• Астронет > The Race to Reveal Our Universe
• XWare > APOD

The ESA/ESO Astronomy Exercise Series 2 . The Distance to Messier 100 as Determined by Cepheid Variable Stars . ... The small variations in distance to the individual Cepheid variable stars in the Cloud are negligible compared with the much larger distance to the SMC. ... In this way Cepheid variable stars can be used as one of the 'standard candles' in the Universe that act either as distance indicators themselves or can be used to calibrate (or set the zero point for) other distance indicators. ...

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• ASP: The New and Improved Hubble Space Telescope

... The J, H and K bands are characterized by a bright background, such a background is mainly due to the emission of atmospheric lines and of thermal radiation. ... If the source cover a large fraction of the slit, spectra off-source must be observed to adequately sample the sky background. ... The on chip integration time (time spent in each position of the slit) must not exceed 40 seconds in J and H bands and 60 seconds in K band. ... We suggest a sequence of 10 for each elementary integration time. ...

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• Comet Halley
• The Arcetri Spectral Code file format
• The Linux September 2004 Archive by subject

Triad, launched September 2, 1972, was an experimental spacecraft designed to move in an accurately predictable low-altitude orbit, allowing its position to be used as a reference point in navigation. ... While the "proof mass" thus moved in an accurately predictable orbit, the spacecraft itself was subject to air resistance and sunlight pressure, causing it to move slightly differently. ... Exploration" home page (index) Glossary . Official GSFC Home Page .. NASA WWW Home Page . ...

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On 19/20 October 1995 we used GRIM II to attempt spectroscopy of the 2.3 micron CO absorption band in stellar clusters. ... Read Noise Our typical backgrounds in 60s were about 100 DN (about 500 e), and so for faint objects our noise is utterly dominated by the read noise of about 110 e. We can think of three ways to improve this situation: integrate longer; reduce the read noise; or implement multiple reads. ... Flats The quartz lamps were too dim for flats. ...

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The beam pattern and the polarization characteristics . of the radio telescope RATAN-600 . The Mueller matrix elements was computed via formulas [1]: . ... The BP were computed by the aperture method, proceeding from the fild distribution in the aperture of the primary mirror. The components of the main and cross-polarization components of the electric field in the vertical aperture of the primary mirror was computed in Frenel diffraction approximation. ...

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• shmidt_e
• Determination of atmospheric parameters and calculation of chemical composition
• Experiment COLD: Astrophysical Problems Studied in Experiment Cold

. Aristarchus was extremely clever and also figured out a way to determine the ratio of distances between the earth and the moon and the earth and the sun. While wrong, at least he reasoned that the sun was much farther from the earth than the moon. Just Try and Follow this! . Summary of Greek Science .

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• THE HUBBLE LAW JAVA APPLET
• Redshift Tutorial
• Thermal History of the Universe

THE PHOTOMETRIC RESEARCHS OF THE MERCURY'S SURFACE BY MEANS OF DIGITAL MODELS. ... The surface brightness of Mercury was measured Danjon (1933, 1949, 1953) and Harris (1961) in phase angle 3o-123o. The analysis of the various data of the integral photometric gives the results of determination of the main photometric constants for Mercury. ... THE PHOTOMETRIC RESEARCHS OF THE MERCURY'S SURFACE: S.G. Pugacheva The surface brightness of the Mercurian images was established on the geologic map Mercury. ...

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• http://selena.sai.msu.ru/Ber/Publications/ms40/88_Yamashita%20et_al.pdf
• http://selena.sai.msu.ru/Pug/Publications/ms38/ms080.pdf
• Aleksei A. Berezhnoi

... Development of Ideas of Structure and Evolution of Stars. Integral Features of Stars, Which Determine Their Structure, Direction and Rate of Evolutuion. ... Connection between Potential and Thermal Energy of Star. ... Structure of a Main Sequence Star. Features of Massive Stars Evolution on the Main Sequence. Internal Structure of the Sun. ... White Dwarfs, Their Features. ... Evolution from the Main Sequence of Massive Stars. ... Evolution of Small Mass Stars till White Dwarfs Sequence. ...

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• Extragalactic Astronomy
• Theoretical Astrophysics
• Space Geodesy