... Usually, H I is seen as bright emission against a darker background, but under the right viewing conditions, it can also be seen as dark absorption against a brighter background. In the case where the background is itself H I emission, the hydrogen is said to be self-absorbed, and the radiative transfer process is termed H I self-absorption (HISA). ... Shown below is a single CGPS H I 21cm spectral line channel at a radial velocity of -41 km/s in the Local Standard of Rest, at l =140њ, b =+1њ. ...

... 2.3 Data acquisition Spectra generated by the Multibeam correlator contain the usual structure seen in spectra from other H i instruments: a bandpass spectrum which is the sum of the sky , ground and receiver temperatures multiplied by the product of the filters in the receiver chain; superimposed on this is a noise ... Note also that sources extended much beyond ,40 arcmin can be imaged poorly in HIPASS images because of the bandpass sidelobe effect described in Section 3.3. ...