... We will consider the rms, (K), for observations with a receiver of system temperature, T , frequency resolution, per polarization, and total integration time per observing cycle, . ... For ``in-band'' frequency switching, the line under investigation is always in the observing band. ... Position Switching or ``Out-of-Band'' Frequency Switching: Here the line is only observed for one half of the time, with noise being present all of the time. ...

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These observations are aimed at fully charactering FORS1 photometric system (UBVRI zero-points, color-terms and extinction coefficients) for the Tektronix 2048x2048 pixel CCD (24µm px) . To this aim, the two Landolt/Stetson photometric fields SA95 and SA101 will be observed on a number of epochs and at different airmasses during February and March 2007. ... SA101 . ... OBs for SA101 have to be observed during evenigh twilight (exceptions are expected for the second half of March) . ...

... Go to new wiki . ... TidNotes / . The antenna pointing models, subreflector rotation, first source coordinates etc are different depending on the observation. ... Build link with antenna and receiver, spacecraft 50 (VLBI), pass 0, two receivers. antenna startup . in NMC:CTRL Connection Control: . ... Check for: . ... ap move r=240 . ... select SC 99 and S band and [apply]) . ... You will need to enter offset commands at the NMC and observe the effect with xplot or the squarelaw sampler plot. ...

. XMM-Newton Science Analysis System . arfgen (arfgen-1.70.4) [xmmsas_20060628_1801-7.0.0] . Meta Index / Home Page / Usage and Examples . Here is another example with an explicit source position - (1000,-1000) in DET coordinates - specified: . arfgen spectrumset=spectrum.pha . withsourcepos=true sourcecoords=det sourcex=1000 sourcey=-1000 . See also 5.4 for details of why the task needs the source position, and how to change it. XMM-Newton SOC/SSC -- 2006-06-28

The Linear Ramp Filters (LRFs) provide a narrow band ( ) imaging capability which is continuously tunable from 3710е to 9762е. These are essentially a collection of narrow band interference filters whose central wavelength varies with position on the filter glass. ... If it is necessary to know which CCD will be used, observers can consult Table 3.7 or Table 3.8 , or use the on-line LRF calculator tool on the WFPC2 WWW pages. ... See Linear Ramp Filters for further details on LRFs.) ...

... Exposure Time Calculator (ETC) . ... ESO - Public Surveys . ... the recommended values to use for DIT, . ... Detector on-chip integration (DIT): seconds. to your chosen value - a separate page gives recommended values to use for DIT - for modes 1 and 2 below you may wish to start with the maximum recommended values as these will minimize the effect of read noise (a total object exposure of Y secs with DIT=X secs will produce Y/X lots of read noise) and give you a lower limit on the time needed. ...

... Activity 3: Measuring the Position of the Sun in the Sky . Purpose: To give students the opportunity to measure the position of the Sun in the sky using simple tools and methods. ... Alternatively, you may have students devise their own methods of relative measurement and apply them to measuring the position of the Sun in the sky. ... Rangi is the sky, and when the Sun is near Rangi's head it is summer in New Zealand. ... Read the Maori story to students. ... back to Teachers' Newsletter Main Page ...

... On-line calibration consists of calibration operations performed to maintain the ALMA observing system properly tuned to successfully execute the planned observations. ... Among processing operations are the calibration of the atmospheric absorption, of phase radiometric correction, of pointing scans, of phase and amplitude reference measurements, .. ... In the mean time tests of the calibration software will proceed using both simulated data and data from the antenna prototypes...?re 1 . ...

... This appartus will drop a mass from different heights. When the mass strikes the ground, some percentage of its original energy will be absorbed by the ground. ... The percentage of the energy which is absorbed by the surface on each "bounce" (EAS) . ... The impact velocity of the object will also be given at each bounce. ... Start= Drop the ball after Energy, Mass and EAS have been set; resume after step or pause has been selected . ... Reset = Reset experiment to intial values . ...

... With enough velocity, a spacecraft can break loose from the Earth's gravity and enter an orbit around the Sun, like that of a planet. If it then orbits the Sun with the same period as the Earth--one year--it may keep a fixed position relative to Earth. ... If the distance is just right--about 4 times the distance to the Moon or 1/100 the distance to the Sun--the spacecraft, too, will need just one year to go around the Sun, and will keep its position between the Sun and the Earth. ...

... With enough velocity, a spacecraft can break loose from the Earth's gravity and enter an orbit around the Sun, like that of a planet. If it then orbits the Sun with the same period as the Earth--one year--it may keep a fixed position relative to Earth. ... If the distance is just right--about 4 times the distance to the Moon or 1/100 the distance to the Sun--the space