... Stellar Evolution is driven entirely by the never ending battle between Pressure and Gravity . As imbalances are reached, the star is driven to find a new Energy source. ... Pressure and gravitational forces are equal, the star is stable and its core is sufficiently hot to fuse Hydrogen into Helium More about main sequence stars . ... The luminosity generated by the core fusion of Helium into Carbon is far greater than the shell luminosity associated with the fusion of Hydrogen into Helium. ...

... Fortranљ66 . ... Fixed form . ... Whole Fortranљ66 . ... Continuation line indicated in column 6 . ... Blank line as comment . ... Extension in Unix .f .f .f .f90 .f .f90 . Extension in DOS .FOR .FOR .FOR .F90 .FOR .F90 . ... This applies to both fixed form and free form source code. ... Fixed form of the source code is discouraged in Fortran 95! ... In UNIX there is no concept called extension, and the extensions are not specified in the Fortran standard, but in informal manufacturer standards. ...

... The absolute flux calibration of NICMOS will be calculated from observations of standard stars with known flux distributions F( ). ... In order to expand the set of IR standard stars in the appropriate flux range for NICMOS, M. Rieke, R. Thompson, and collaborators at the University of Arizona are making photometric observations of solar-analog stars, which will be used to normalize the solar spectrum to the observed IR magnitudes. ... Relative flux references accurate to 1.5% for standard...

... The first step to improve the FORS calibration is therefore to obtain data to allow a computation of the illumination correction across the field. ... Another limitation on the calibration accuracy has been the brightness of the Landolt standards which have forced the use of extremely short exposures introducing small but non-negligible shutter-time errors and also resulting in a very small number of useful standards per frame. ...

Next: Reduction procedure Up: Extinction and transformation Previous: Strategy . Standard stars can be included in the extinction solution, if one is careful. The problem is that there are usually appreciable ``conformity errors'' due to mismatch between the instrumental and the standard passbands [ 16 ]. ... Thus, it is wrong to assume that the transformation between the instrumental system and the standard system is exact, even if there were no measurement error in either system [ 1 ]. ...

Optical and UV Spectrophotometric Standard Stars . ... Two papers detail the observations: the first is devoted to wavelengths from 3300 to 7550A (Hamuy et al., ... -------------------------------------------------------- 718 Xi2 Cet B9 III -O.107 -0.056 4.279 -0.023 -0.063 1544 Pi2 Ori Al V 0.01 4.355 0.014 0.039 3454 Eta Hya B3 V -0.743 -0.200 4.295 -0.083 -0.200 4468 Theta Crt B9.5 V -0.18 -0.07 4.700 -O.023 -0.063 4963 ...

... The material in "From Stargazers to Starships" meets several important requirements of the national standards. Pages cited below are from National Science Education Standards National Academy Press, Washington 1995. ... For example: the sections on astronomy not only describe calendars and sundials (including their construction), but also the astronomy of the ancient Greeks, including two different ways in which ancient Greeks estimated the distance to the Moon. ...

... Gravitational wave detection Timing residuals = unmodelled physical effects Spin-down irregularities No angular signature CSIRO. Gravitational wave detection Time standards · Most pulsar observations referred to TT(TAI) · Post-corrected time standard TT(BIPM2010) can be used · Requirement to fit for the pulsar's period and first derivative => a quadratic must be removed from the expected clock errors CSIRO. ... Simulate 10x expected TAI-TT(BIPM2010) in real pulsar data 5s CSIRO. ... CSIRO. ...

Molecular oxygen in interstellar clouds By P r i s c i l l a Ma r e c ha l e­mail: priscila@mesion.obspm.fr DEMIRM, Observatoire de Paris, FRANCE The prospects for detection of interstellar O2 depend on its abundance and its excitation. ... Conclusion The modelling of emissivity of O 2 shows that the detection of the 368 GHz line of O 2 in dense clouds is feasible by a project like PRONAOS­SMH provided the C=O ratio is 6 Priscilla Marechal: Molecular oxygen in interstellar clouds Figure 6. ...

... Posts tagged ?standard candle? ... In addition to Bayesian methodologies, like this week?s astro-ph, studies on characterizing empirical spatial distributions of voids and galaxies frequently appear, which I believe can be enriched further with the ideas from stochastic geometry and spatial statistics. Click for what was appeared in arXiv this week. ... 1 Comment . ... If you find any problems of viewing the slog, please notify me. ... Entries RSS . ... Entries (RSS) and Comments (RSS) . ...

Automatic Detection of NEOs in CCD Frames . ... CCD frames obtained with modern telescopes with robotic operation allow carrying out standard observation programs for detection of peculiar objects on stellar backgrounds, as is the case of Near Earth Objects (NEOs). ... In this paper, we present original algorithms for automatically detecting dim NEO images in telescope frames, considering both sidereal and differential tracking [2]. ...

SAS home . ... List of SAS threads . OM data processing from A to Z is performed by two "chains": omichain and omfchain , for image and fast mode data respectively. ... Then a source detection algorithm is used to identify the sources present in the image. ... A final source list is obtained from all exposures and filters. ... If the user has PPS products from the processing of his/her observation, or from the XSA, then the first thing to do is to overlay the image source list onto the sky image. ...

Next: Buffer Manipulation Up: Programming in C Previous: Compiler Options . Listed below are nearly all the ANSI C standard library functions. The header file where related definitions are stored are given. These may vary on some systems so check local reference manuals. ... More info can be obtained from online man calls or reference manuals. Buffer Manipulation . Character Classification and Conversion . ... File Manipulation . ... Wed Sep 14 10:06:31 BST 1994 ...

... This routine is designed to read in the current correlator set-up, go to the chosen source, and then take data pointing directly at the specified source. This routine will automatically wait until you are on source before beginning to take data. ... Additionally, this routine allows you to take an ON/OFF calibration pair (one 10s scan with the noise diode on, followed by a 10s scan with the diode off), using the chosen noise diode configuration (see Section 1.6 . ...

... Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4 . Apache > HTTP Server > Documentation > Version 2.4 > Miscellaneous Documentation . ... This page documents all the relevant standards that the Apache HTTP Server follows, along with brief descriptions. ... http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata.php - RFC Errata . ... This document summarizes the history of HTML development, and defines the "text/html" MIME type by pointing to the relevant W3C recommendations. ... HTML documents are SGML documents. ...

A computer controlled low light photometer for nightglow observations. Hardware units of portable photometer for low light measurements, especially night glow emission is described. ... Interface card contain three channels of 24 bit counter, 4 channels of 12 bit ADC and the buffer bus for the controlled motors of the altazimuthal fork mounting and filters wheel, the position encoders. ... Where N( ) is output signal photometer generated input light flux F( l ) . ... PMT # . 599 . ...

NEUTRON MONITOR DATA FOR JUNGFRAUJOCH AND BERN DURING THE GROUND-LEVEL SOLAR COSMIC -RAY EVENT ON 29 October 2003 R. Buetikofer and E.O. Flueckiger Physikalisches Institut, Universitaet Bern Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern , Switzerland This report includes information on the processing and use of the data for the ground-level solar cosmic ray event on 29 October 2003 obtained by the following three ... Section 3 of the IGY neutron monitor at Jungfraujoch is the central section. ...

The abundance of lithium in metal-poor, near-main-sequence stars lies well below the value obtained from Standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis constrained by the result of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe. ... For example, the Plateau has been described as: (i) ultrathin but postprimordial (Ryan et al. 1999); broken (Melendez et al 2010); and (iii) undergoing meltdown (Bonifacio et al 2010). ...

... New IRAF tools for the photometric calibration of optical/IR images are presented. The new tools are standard star catalog and world coordinate driven, requiring both accurate standard star catalog coordinate and accurate image coordinate data. Network access to standard star catalog servers is supported. ... The photometric calibration software will automatically convert the standard star coordinates from the standard star coordinate system to the image coordinate system. ...

The original files with the data were in different formats. ... Such files were named "standard data files" and linked to the database. They can be easily transformed to any desirable format by a code. Here we present two simple computer programs of this kind. ... When running the code, you can specify columns in the output file: wavelength, energy (eV) or wavenumber (cm -1 ) as the first column, and complex refractive index or dielectric function as the second and third columns. ...