... Stellar Evolution is driven entirely by the never ending battle between Pressure and Gravity . As imbalances are reached, the star is driven to find a new Energy source. ... Pressure and gravitational forces are equal, the star is stable and its core is sufficiently hot to fuse Hydrogen into Helium More about main sequence stars . ... The luminosity generated by the core fusion of Helium into Carbon is far greater than the shell luminosity associated with the fusion of Hydrogen into Helium. ...

... Science . ... Science Users Information > Data Handling and Products > Data Reduction FAQ > I want to process MOS data of the same target from different nights together - how can I do that? ... Observing Facilities . ... Observing with ESO Telescopes . ... However, if you want to process science data from different nights together you should limit the available calibrations to those from one night as the pipeline assumes that the calibration data were taken without mask movement in between. ...

Next: Spectral Line Processing and Up: Spectral Line Data Reduction Previous: ATCA Spectral Line Correlator . ... The ATCA allows you to observe two frequency setups simultaneously ifsel allows you to load just one of them by setting ifsel=1 or ifsel=2 . ... The RPFITS file does not contain the rest frequency of the spectral line observed, so you need to give this at some stage during data reduction - the earlier the better. The rest frequency can be entered (via restfreq , in GHz) in atlod . ...

Next: Conclusions Up: Adaptive Least Squares Image Previous: Processing of Simulated . Fig. 6 shows an image of Saturn which was recorded with the Wide Field / Planetary Camera. It is stored in the file SATURN.FITS. The measured point spread function from the data file SATURN_PSF.FITS is also displayed. Fig. 7 shows the result of restoration. The restored image appears much clearer, with higher contrast than the measured data. ... Thu Jun 2 15:47:14 EDT 1994 ...

... Astronomical image processing applies a large variety of numerical methods to extract scientific results from observed data. The standard computational techniques used in this process are discussed with special emphasis on the problems and advantages associated with them when applied to astronomical data. ... In Section the transformation of raw observed data into intensity calibrated values is discussed while general image processing techniques are reviewed in Section . ... Basic Concepts . ...

... The Chinese would certainly not have invented the magnetic compass. ... Chemically and mineralogically, the lodestone is magnetite, a massive type of iron ore, an oxide of iron, a mineral related the the brown stuff coating the magnetic disks and tapes used by computers. ... But even then, just resting a few million years in the Earth's magnetic field would produce no magnetization. ... Still, as Gilbert observed, in a long iron rod that magnetism was channeled to the ends, where it could be noted. ...

... Kashyap, V., Drake, J., Smith, R., & Wargelin, B., 2014, 15 Years of Science with Chandra Symposium, Spectrum Ultimum Capellae: XV Years of Chandra Observations of Capella . ... Kashyap, V.L., Connors, A., Drake, J., Lee, T., Posson-Brown, J., Saar, S., Scargle, J., van Dyk, D., & Wong, R., 2014, AAS/HEAD 14, 119.05 TANAGRA: Timing Analysis of Grating Data . ... Audard, M., G del, M., Drake, J.J., & Kashyap, V.L., 2000, ApJ, 541, 396 . Audard, M., G del, M., & Guinan, E.F., 1999, ApJ, 513, L53 . ...

... A three-cell test section roughly representative of the primary mirror was provided for this test by the Steward Mirror Lab. ... Additionally, the tests are intended to determine relative airflow vs. pressure drop characteristics for each of the air flow patterns so the results can be evaluated both as a function of flow rate and of pressure drop along the flow path. ... The bottom (top as installed) was cut out so it could close the chamber for heating and be removed for the cooling tests. ...

... Up: Science Data Pipelines . ... SIRTF Science Center, Caltech . The design and implementation of the data processing pipelines for the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) onboard Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) are presented. This includes pipeline for generating Basic Calibrated Data (BCD) in which instrument artifacts are removed, and calibration pipelines generating calibration data that allows reduction of the science data to the BCD level. ...

... Irregular, damped ULF range magnetic pulsations occurring in connection with magnetospheric substorms are called Pi 2 pulsations (T = 40 - 150 s; Saito, 1969). ... Since the waves can be detected with little time delay over a wide range of latitude and longitude, they have been used for the ground based determination of the substorm onset time. ... Lester, M., W. J. Hughes, and H. J. Singer, Polarization patterns of Pi 2 magnetic pulsations and the substorm current wedge, J. Geophys. Res., ...

SAS home . SAS Watchout items . ... OM data processing from A to Z is performed by two "chains": omichain and omfchain , for image and fast mode data respectively. ... OM fast mode data are fully processed by the XMM-SAS Pipeline: for each exposure of a given observation all necessary corrections are applied to the data files. Then a pseudo-image is built from the corrected event list and a source detection algorithm is used to find the source (or sources) present in the fast window. ...

... Exposure Time Calculator (ETC) . ... ESO - Public Surveys . ... the recommended values to use for DIT, . ... Detector on-chip integration (DIT): seconds. to your chosen value - a separate page gives recommended values to use for DIT - for modes 1 and 2 below you may wish to start with the maximum recommended values as these will minimize the effect of read noise (a total object exposure of Y secs with DIT=X secs will produce Y/X lots of read noise) and give you a lower limit on the time needed. ...

... john matthews looked for meteor flashes on the moon. The experiment used millstone hill and arecibo tracking the moon. ... jpl horizon ephemeris file was used to track the moon. two 10 MHz bands. centered at 433 and 438 MHz . ... Start file: /share/pdata[1,2]/pdev/t2874.20140505.b[0,1]s1g0.00300.pdev . ... 17:38:xx back on the moon . ... 18:52:00 stopped telescope tracking moon.. drift off. 18:55:xx drive back onto moon. 19:05:20 millstone radar on (not sure when they turned on) . ... pdf ) . ...

Russian SHAREABLE DATA CENTER Institute of Solar-Terrestial Physics SB RAS . ... To improve the quality of ionograms and to carry out on automatic ionogram processing we have developed a special software, which can be arbitraly devided into the following main parts: . ... Ionogram processing software on the basis of image processing; . Interactive ionogram processing software. ... Here we present ionogram samples for different kinds of chirp sounding . ... Capabilities and samples | ...

Irregular phenomena in the Earth Pole oscillation process and temporal variations of geopotential Valery Bondarenko, Vadim Perepelkin s The observed irregular phenomena in the Earth Pole oscillation process are very variety. ... These phenomena indicated in the IERS data are the "abnormal" fluctuation of the Earth Pole coordinates which owing to changing of the geodynamical parameters gives negative result in interpolation and forecast of the first approximation mathematical model. ... Fig. ...

Astronomy Discussion Forums . Forums: . Atm ћ Astrophotography ћ Blackholes ћ Blackholes2 ћ CCD ћ Celestron ћ Domes ћ Education . ... Observe Every Photon's Size Experiment . ... Post Message | ... Observe every photon's size experiment . 1.The slow process of the formation of the light diffraction pattern experiment . ... www.astronomy.net . ... Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

... The most precisely determined characteristic for accreting neutron stars (NS's) is their period. ... Period changes show fluctuations. ... Some applications of stochastic processes in astrophysics especially in accreting systems were discussed in Lipunov (1987),Hoshino Takeshima (1993) and Lipunov (1992).In Hoshino Takeshima (1993) the authors, using simple models of MHD turbulence, try to explain aperiodic changes in X-ray luminosity of X-ray pulsars. ... Here, -constant angular momentum. ...

An Ancient Universe: How Astronomers Know the Vast Scale of Cosmic Time . THE CHANGING UNIVERSE: EVOLUTION HAPPENS! . b) Changes in Stars . One of the great discoveries of modern science is that stars (like people) live only a measurable life-time and then die. Although the lives of the stars are enormously longer than the span of a human life, we can learn about the life story of the stars by studying them at many different stages in their life cycle, from birth to death. ...

Next: Amorphous magnesium silicate Up: Examples of data contained Previous: Examples of data contained . ... We have used the infrared optical constants of forsterite contained in the database for calculating the absorption cross sections of spherical and non-spherical particles in the Rayleigh limit (see Fig. The spectra are obtained by averaging the cross sections calculated for the three different crystallographic directions. ...

Next: UNSOLVED PROBLEMS Up: OTHER HYDROGEN-DEFICIENT STARS Previous: Carbon stars . During the past century, three stars have been observed as being both hot subdwarfs and RCB stars at different times. V605Aql is now the hydrogen-deficient central star of a planetary nebula (Abell58). ... In 1996, an unremarkable faint blue star suddenly brightened and within three years had become a very cool and luminous carbon star, now known as Sakurai's Object or V4334Sgr ([ Nakano et al. ... 1999 ]). ...