Pioneer 10 & 11 . USA Jupiter/Saturn Flyby & Interstellar Probe . ... Pioneer 10 was launched on 2 March 1972, on top of an Atlas/Centaur/TE364-4 launch vehicle. ... This made Pioneer the fastest manmade object to leave the Earth, fast enough to pass the Moon in 11 hours and to cross the Mars orbit, about 80 million kilometers away, in just 12 weeks. ... Following its encounter with Jupiter, Pioneer 10 is exploring the outer regions of our Solar System, studying energetic particles from our Sun . ...

... Average resolution at altitude H=668 km . ... Swath width at H=668 km and inclination of beginning of swath 20.48 degrees . ... Resolution at H=668 км . ... Наименование параметра . ... 1 канале . ... Полоса обзора при H=668 км . ... 1-5 спектральной зоне, не более . ... 1 спектральной зоне . 0,48-0,52 мкм . ... 0,915-0,997 мкм . ... 1-4 канал . ... 1-4 каналов . ... Спектральные характеристики каналов (по уровню 0,5): . ... For more information send a mail to: info@sputnik.infospace.ru . ...

GRANAT is the Russian x-ray sattelite launched to the high apogee orbit (200,000 km) and operated almost for 10 years (1989 -1999) , carrying out four major instruments: French SIGMA coded-mask hard x-ray telescope (30-1000 keV), Soviet ART-P coded-mask telescope (2??-60?? keV), all-sky monitor WATCH (6-150 keV), and a gamma-burst detector PHEBUS . ... Since September 1994, GRANAT is in the survey mode. ... Explore pages devoted to individual GRANAT instruments (including main scientific results): . ...

Astronotes Armagh Planetarium's Stellar Blog! ... Stars . ... Space Flight . ... Some 13.7 billion years ago, a mere millionth of a second after the Big Bang, the first hydrogen and helium nuclei condensed out of a hot, dense soup of quarks and gluons. ... In the very last few kilometres some of the light was scattered by a myriad of water droplets (containing hydrogen nuclei which had existed almost since the Big Bang) slowly descending through the air following a rainshower. ...

... Instruments . ... Exposure_Number: 1 Target_Name: HD12345 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N1 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN, ! ... Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 13.5S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2 Comments: STEP-TIME = 1.5 sec Exposure_Number: 2 Target_Name: HD12345 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ/PEAKUP Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N1 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SEARCH-SIZE=5 ! ...

Comet ISON Before and After . ... Credit Copyright: NASA , SOHO Explanation: Sungrazing Comet ISON reached perihelion, its closest approach to the Sun, yesterday, November 28, at 18:45 UT. The comet passed just over 1 million kilometers above the solar surface, a distance less than the diameter of the Sun. These two panels follow ISON before (right) and after its close approach, imaged by the LASCO instrument onboard the Sun staring SOHO spacecraft . ... NASA Official: Jay Norris. ...

Magnetic field measurements onboard the INTERBALL AURORAL spacecraft. Magnetic field measurements onboard the INTERBALL-2 (Auroral Probe) is carried out by the IMAP-3 instrument. ... The IMAP-3 instrument is designed to measure three components of the DC magnetic field in two ranges: +/- 6800 nT with resolution 1 nT and +/- 68000 nT with resolution 10 nT. ... We cannot calculate now By and Bz components separately due to absence of the spacecraft attitude data. ...

ERS -1,2 SAR . ... SIR-C/X SAR . ... European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-1) was launched on 17 July 1991, and the follow mission ERS-2 (with the same sensors and an Ozone monitoring instrument added) was launched on 21 April 1995. ... The Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-band Synthetic Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR), carried in the cargo bay of the Space Shuttle Endeavour in April and October of 1994, simultaneously recorded SAR data at three wavelengths (L-, C-, and X-bands; 23.5, 5.8, and 3.1 cm, respectively). ...

Ground Support of RadioAstron . Control and Tracking Stations . RadioAstron satellite control (command transmission, telemetry, orbit measurements) will be conducted from Evpatoria and Bear Lake control stations. ... Coarse orbit measurements will be carried out from control stations. Each measurement takes ten minutes. ... Orbit measurements at tracking stations give only radial component of spacecraft velocity but the measurements are going continuously during observing sessions. ...

... Meta Index / Home Page / Output Files / Summary File specification from There will be 6 instrument details records, one for each instrument, following the file details record. ... After each instrument details record there will be n exposure records, where n is the number of exposures during the observation for that instrument. ... Number of exposures . ... Identifies the record as an Instrument Details Record . ... If the instrument was inactive then this value is zero and no exposure records...

... Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. October 21, 1999 . Follow The Spots . Credit: Louis Strous ( LMSAL ), SOHO - MDI Consortium, ESA , NASA . ... Just follow the sunspots . ... It shows the Sun's visible surface for most days of August 1999 so that the same sunspots appear many times as the solar rotation carries them across the face of the Sun . ... About APOD > . ...

... The TESIS is a set of solar imaging instruments developed by the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, and launched aboard the Russian spacecraft CORONAS-PHOTON on January 30, 2009. The main goal of the TESIS is to provide complex observations of solar active phenomena from the transition region to the inner and outer solar corona with high spatial, spectral and temporal resolution in the EUV and Soft X-ray spectral bands. ... Solar activity hits a new low . ...

Target: Venus . The Soviet VEGA Spacecraft Two remarkable "busloads" of automated spacecraft were launched toward Venus by the Soviet Union in December of 1984. Each one contains three separate modules: one lander and one balloon-carried atmosphere probe to be dropped off at Venus in June, 1985, and one major package of instruments which will continue on to encounter Halley's Comet in March, 1986. ... Venus and Earth: A Comparison . Earth . ... in Earth days) . ... 243 Earth days . ...

Displays the current status of Echelle spectrograph and allows you to change the configuration. ... Select TUI:Save Window Positions to remember the state of this checkbutton. ... The contextual menu on each control can return that control to the current setting of the instrument. ... Note that it saves the state of the controls, not the actual state of the instrument, so you can save any preset you like without commanding the instrument. ... Then change any controls you like and press Apply to apply. ...

Next: Emission-line galaxies Up: The Hamburg/SAO Survey for Previous: Data reduction . In total 217 candidates were observed during the January - June, 1995, of which 34 objects were observed with the 6m telescope, 183 objects with the Calar Alto 2.2m telescope, and 4 with both instruments. ... For 11 of the known ELGs we measure emission line ratios and make quantitative classification. ... Emission-line galaxies . ... Objects without emission lines . Absorption-line galaxies . ...

... Team . ... The main goal of observations of GRB host galaxies is accumulation of statistics of their spectroscopic and photometric properties. ... The Hubble diagram for 22 GRB host galaxies with known magnitudes and redshifts (GRB 970228, GRB 970508, GRB 970828, GRB 971214, GRB 980613, GRB 980703, GRB 990123, GRB 990510, GRB 990712, GRB 9912008, GRB 991216, GRB 000131, GRB 000210, GRB 000301C, GRB 000418, GRB 000911, GRB 000926, GRB 001109, GRB 010222, GRB 010921, GRB 011121 and GRB011211). ... 600...

... Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) are currently by far the most widely used type of detector in astronomy. ... After a brief introduction to the VLT Control System, the VLT CCD Detectors Control Software is presented. The VLT Control System is a distributed system consisting of a set of UNIX Workstations, dedicated to high level operations, such as coordination of sub-system activities and interface to the users, and VME-based Local Control Units (LCU), dedicated to the control of sub-systems hardware. ...

STEP INTO THE BLUE - MEADE INSTRUMENTS PRODUCT GUIDE . ... Telescopes . LX850 Series . ... Superb optical performance coupled with time proven computerized pointing and tracking has made the LX200 ACF series a best-seller in the high-performance telescope class. ... Meade's revolutionary LS LightSwitchтДв series of telescopes use advanced technologies to do what no other consumer telescopes have done before: take all the hassle out of using a telescope. ... Coronado€о Solar . ... Spotting Scopes . ...

Lab . Main page News People . ASA . Master . Master net Homepage . ... Lomonosov Moscow State University Sternberg Astronomical Institute . ... MASTER . ... Lomonosov (ShOK) . ... About Space Monitoring Laboratory, scientific directions, instruments, contacts . People, who work in lab . Latest news and news archive . ... All news ...

The possibility to have Visitor Instruments at the VLTI has been granted to permit innovative observations by teams using stand-alone instruments, free from a substantial fraction of the requirements for fully automated VLTI general use instruments. In addition, the Visitor Instruments could provide a powerful scientific/technical test bench for new instrumental concepts, eventually to be incorporated later in VLTI facility instruments. ... a thorough technical description of the instrument, . ...