... 18c. Work . ... The concept of Work is closely related to that of energy. ... Suppose we lift a weight A of mass m a distance h (for height) from the floor to the table (Figure 1). ... That, however, is just the potential energy added to the weight! ... Energy is always preserved but--as seen in an earlier section--not always in a usable form. ... Because the trains are linked, when one goes up, the other descends, and by giving up its potential energy, it helps pull the other one upwards. ...

... The first of the equations defines the position of the spectral orders, m , in the raw image, while the second equation gives, for each order, the dispersion relation in one dimension. ... where the coefficients are computed using least squares techniques on a grid , i.e. sample number and line number of points located within the spectral orders of the image. These points in the grid are found automatically by an order--following algorithm, normally using the FLAT or STD image. ...

Next: Polarization efficiency: size/shape/orientation effects Up: Optical properties of cosmic Previous: The 2175? feature . To model the interstellar polarization one needs to calculate the forward-transmitted radiation for an ensemble of non-spherical aligned dust grains. ... Let non-polarized stellar radiation passes through a dusty cloud with a homogeneous magnetic field. ... The angle between the line of sight and the magnetic field is ( ). ... where the angle is connected with and ( ). ...

... The greater the distance, the smaller the parallax. ... That triangle has the same proportions as the much larger triangle ABC, and therefore, if the distance B'C to the thumb is 10 times the distance A'B' between the eyes, the distance AC to the far landmark is also 10 times the distance AB. ... The most distant objects our eyes can see are the stars, and they are very far indeed: light which moves at 300,000 kilometers (186,000 miles) per second, would take years, often many years, to reach them. ...

... Science Users Information > Observing with ESO Telescopes > Phase 2 Preparation > Observing conditions . ... Service Mode Philosophy . ... The following definitions of the observing conditions are common between Phase 1 preparation and Phase 2 preparation, as well as between Service Mode and Visitor Mode observations. ... There are additional Service Mode Policies and Service Mode Guidelines regarding the observing conditions. ... Seeing (Phase 1) and Image quality (Phase2) constraints . ... Moon . ...

... Though Flint knows the interface definitions (i.e. number, type and intent of each argument) of standard FORTRAN functions, it is desirable for users to build and use a file (or files) describing the interfaces to their own library. ... The format is: flint -o file .. ... While these interface definitions could be input along with normal source files, preceding the interface file with the -l (library) switch has the advantage that the source of this file does not appear in the listing file. ...

... SGML . The text/html content type . In this section, we begin the specification of HTML 4.0, starting with the contract between authors, documents, users, and user agents. ... These recommendations are not normative and conformance with this specification does not depend on their realization. ... An HTML document is an SGML document that meets the constraints of this specification. ... A user is a person who interacts with a user agent to view, hear, or otherwise use a rendered HTML document. ...

... There has been a heated public discussion in the past few years about whether our ninth planet is really deserving of the name. Since Pluto orbits a star, and is much less luminous, it certainly satisfies the definition we have above. The problem is actually not with Pluto, but with a very large number of other bodies in our Solar System which also satisfy this definition, but which are not called planets. Perhaps the most notable of these is Ceres, the largest asteroid. ... Planet . ...

lsst.coordConv љ unknown . ... Classes . ... coordConv::PVTCoord Class Reference . ... PVTCoord ( Coord const &coord, Eigen::Vector3d const &vel, double tai) . PVTCoord ( Coord const &coord0, Coord const &coord1, double tai, double deltaT) . PVTCoord ( PVT const &equatPVT, PVT const &polarPVT, PVT const &distPVT= PVT ()) . PVTCoord ( PVT const &equatPVT, PVT const &polarPVT, PVT const &distPVT, double equatPM, double polarPM, double radVel) . ... Definition at line 13 of file pvtCoord.h . ...

... champ name : Source ID in the format explained in the Definitions section. ra : RA in decimal degrees. ... pos_error : Source count extraction radius in arcseconds. netB : net counts in B-band. See Definitions section. error_netB : error of net counts in B-band. see Definitions section. netS : S-band net counts, defined analogously to netB . ... See Definitions section. C21 : X-ray color. ... C32 : X-ray color. See Definitions section. rateB : B-band count rate in ksec. ...

... Measurements Definition Sample Timestamp Definition : Time and date of measurement XML parameter : mtSampTime Windspeed Definition : 3 second rolling average of 250 millisecond samples XML parameter : mtWindspeed Units : MPH Raw Wind Direction Definition : 3 second rolling average of 250 millisecond samples XML parameter : mtRawWindDir Units : Degrees Adjusted Wind Direction ... XML parameter: mt60MinWindGustTime_2 Units: date and time ...

. XMM-Newton Science Analysis System . ssclib (ssclib-3.29.3) [xmmsas_20070708_1801-7.1.0] . Meta Index / Home Page / Routines for performing coordinate . The coordinate module also contains the following line: . real(single), public, parameter :: detUnitArcsec = 0.05 . A better place for this would arguably be in a .par file somewhere. XMM-Newton SOC/SSC -- 2007-07-08

Next: Conclusions Up: Compensation for Read-Out Noise Previous: Implementation . ... The star cluster, shown in the left panel of Fig. 1 , consists of a field of unresolved stars at random locations and having randomly selected brightnesses. ... These are replotted in Fig. 8 to facilitate comparisons. ... The low level noise is reduced substantially in Fig. 11 , which is the average of 25 restorations of HST star cluster images, each being the result of performing 500 EM iterations. ...

The beam pattern and the polarization characteristics . of the radio telescope RATAN-600 . The Mueller matrix elements was computed via formulas [1]: . ... The BP were computed by the aperture method, proceeding from the fild distribution in the aperture of the primary mirror. The components of the main and cross-polarization components of the electric field in the vertical aperture of the primary mirror was computed in Frenel diffraction approximation. ...

... Exposure Time Calculator (ETC) . Survey processing . ... VISTA is a 4-m class wide field survey telescope for the southern hemisphere, equipped with a near infrared camera (1.65 degree diameter field of view at VISTA's nominal pixel size) containing 67 million pixels of mean size 0.34 arcsec and available broad band filters at Z,Y,J,H,K s and a narrow band filter at 1.18 micron. A wide field visible camera, if constructed, could also be used on VISTA. ... Tile . ... ESO VISTA Public Surveys . ...

... Please, don't use any personal macros and definitions. % stract Pattern %**start of header \long\def\maintitle#1{{\vskip 1em \ begin { center }\section*{#1}\ end { center }\nopagebreak[4]}} \long\def\author#1{{\ begin { center }\normalsize{\bf#1}\ end { center }\vskip-1em \index{#1}}\nopagebreak[4]} \long\def\address#1{{\ begin { center }\small\noindent#1\ end { ... Initial conditions $x_0=x(t_0), \dot{x}_0=\dot{x}(t_0)$ of Equtions (1) are determined by the region of possible motions $R_0.$ ...

... Content Model: Optional list header (LH), followed by one or more terms (DT) and definitions (DD). A definition list is a list of terms and corresponding definitions. Definition lists are typically formatted with the term on the left with the definition following on the right or on the next line. ... The definition list element can take the COMPACT attribute, which suggests that a compact rendering be used, and is appropriate if the list elements are small and/or the entire list is large. ...

... SATELLITE: An object that revolves around a planet. ... SIDEREAL DAY: The length of a planet's rotation period relative to the stars. SOLAR SYSTEM: The sun and all the objects that are held in its gravitational field and move around it. ... SUPERIOR CONJUNCTION: The position of a planet when it is on the opposite side of the Sun from Earth (thus making in invisible). ... TRANSIT: The movement of an object between the Earth and the Sun and showing on the surface of the sun as a black dot. ...

The sections <Directory> , <Location> and <Files> can contain directives which only apply to specified directories, URLs or files respectively. Also htaccess files can be used inside a directory to apply directives to that directory. ... The order of merging is: . ... If multiple <Directory> sections apply to the same directory they are processed in the configuration file order. ... Using the options in question is only possible inside a <Directory> section (or a .htaccess file). ...

... Judged by their instrumental profiles, spectrometers fall into two basic classes---Lorentzian and Gaussian---with many other line profile functions (sinc functions, Voigt functions, Airy functions, etc.) falling into one of these two categories in some limit. We demonstrate that the Rayleigh, Sparrow, and Houston resolution criteria are of limited use compared to the ``equivalent width'' of the line profile. ... Rayleigh criterion. ... All of these functions have continuous higher derivatives. ...