... Explorers 1/3 . ... Orbit . ... Launch of Explorer 1 . ... The USSR was first, sending off its first "Sputnik" ("satellite") on October 4, followed by Sputnik II on November 3. ... The spacecraft, named Explorer 1, was launched 31 January 1958 and was designed and built by a group of scientists from the University of Iowa, led by James Van Allen . ... the launch of Explorer 1;Click . ... Explorer 2 failed to orbit, but Explorer 3, launched March 26, was successful, and it did carry a tape recorder. ...

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Launch of Explorer 1 . Click here for a full size version of this image. ... The USSR was first, sending off its first "Sputnik" ("satellite") on October 4, followed by Sputnik II on November 3. ... News conference following the launch of Explorer 1 . ... Unlike the orbits of the Sputniks, that of Explorer 1 was quite elliptical and it rose to an altitude of about 2500 kilometers. ... Explorer 2 failed to orbit, but Explorer 3, launched March 26, was successful, and it did carry a tape recorder. ...

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• Brief History Introduction
• The Radiation Belt -- History
• Synchronous Orbit

Astronotes Armagh Planetarium's Stellar Blog! ... Armagh Planetarium . ... Space Flight . Human Exploration . Robot Exploration . ... Originally Discovery had been set to launch on 1 November, but this was delayed when fatigue cracks were found in the structure of its External Tank. ... A little bit of trivia is that Discovery has actually made the only shuttle-era Christmas time flight to date, this was STS-103 ,?а a mission to repair the Hubble Space Telescope in 1999. ...

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• Kepler-10b: world of lava oceans? | Astronotes
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• Supernova spotted by Irish astronomer | Astronotes

National Aeronautics and Space Administration . ... JOHN E. BLAHA (COLONEL, USAF, RET.) NASA ASTRONAUT (FORMER) . ... EDUCATION: Graduated from Granby High School in Norfolk, Virginia, in 1960; received a bachelor of science in engineering science from the United States Air Force Academy in 1965 and a master of science in astronautical engineering from Purdue University in 1966. ... NASA EXPERIENCE: Selected as an astronaut in May 1980, Blaha has logged 161 days in space on 5 space missions. ...

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• Astronaut Bio: Stephen K. Robinson (07/2012)
• Astronaut Bio: Mark C. Lee 10/2006
• Astronaut Bio: Bruce McCandless II

... Research objects and scientific purposes . Space scientific program includes development and launch of two supersmall spacecrafts "Universitetskiy" and "Kompas-2" intended for monitoring of radiation conditions near the Earth. ... All the studies conducted in the near-Earth space are characterised by strong radiation fields. ... The circular polar orbits, which cover all the near-Earth space, are the most favorable for comprehensive studies of the radiation conditions near the Earth. ...

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Astronomy Picture of the Day . ... Fittingly, 1999 saw a decade of astronomical discoveries to an end with portents of things to come - embodied in new spacecraft, telescopes, and perspectives to explore the distant Universe across the electromagnetic spectrum. ... Solar Moss . ... An Earth Ornament . ... The Apollo 8 astronauts spent the 1968 Christmas Season orbiting the Moon, returning with striking images of both Moon and Earth from space - pictures which inspired the world. ...

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A Brief History of the Discovery of Cosmic Gamma-Ray Bursts - draft april 17, 1995 - J.Bonnell In October of 1963 the US Air Force launched the first in a series of satellites inspired by a recently signed nuclear test ban treaty. ... The event appeared to be a cosmic gamma-ray burst but at the time the constellation of satellites did not have sufficient timing resolution at the trigger to make a good determination of direction to the burst source. ...

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... FIT visit 18 January 2006 Overview Ї Ї Ї Ї Ї Ї Ї Ї Ї Hubble's Advanced Camera, Discovery Team Discovery of Pluto, Charon, and the Kuiper Belt Early Hubble observations of Pluto Hubble mission support for New Horizons: discovery of two more Pluto satellites Confirming and following-up the discovery Implications, and recent related discoveries New Horizons mission to Pluto and beyond More information via the web Questions? ... New moons of Pluto! ... Pluto Moon Earth Should we call Pluto a planet? ...

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• http://www.stsci.edu/institute/stuc/april-2012/new-horizons.pdf
• http://www.stsci.edu/~mutchler/talks/Pluto_Educators_L1.pdf
• http://www.stsci.edu/~mutchler/documents/Top_Stories_2005_NASA.pdf

GRANAT is the Russian x-ray sattelite launched to the high apogee orbit (200,000 km) and operated almost for 10 years (1989 -1999) , carrying out four major instruments: French SIGMA coded-mask hard x-ray telescope (30-1000 keV), Soviet ART-P coded-mask telescope (2??-60?? keV), all-sky monitor WATCH (6-150 keV), and a gamma-burst detector PHEBUS . ... Since September 1994, GRANAT is in the survey mode. ... Explore pages devoted to individual GRANAT instruments (including main scientific results): . ...

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... In addition, IZMIRAN comprises the St.Petersburg branch and magnetic ionospheric observatory in Kaliningrad. The history of IZMIRAN is largely that of investigating magnetic storms and sub-storms on the Earth surface, in circum-terrestrial and interplanetary space, initially by means of a network of ground stations of the Soviet Union (1930s - 1940s) and the nonmagnetic skunner "Zarja", then through the extensive use of magnetic measurements on artificial Earth satellites and automatic stations. ...

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• APEX/Intro

... Jupiter's big moon Ganymede is not only the size of a planet -- it sounds like one too, as heard in audio recordings made from data returned by NASA's Galileo spacecraft released today. ... Characterized by a soaring whistle and hissing static, Ganymede's song reveals that the Solar System's largest moon is also the only one known to possess a planet-like, self-generated magnetic cocoon called a magnetosphere , which shields the moon from the magnetic influence of its giant parent body, Jupiter. ...

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• The Discovery of the Galilean Satellites
• Asteroid Mathilde
• New Moons of Uranus

... October 29, 1998 . John Glenn: Friendship 7 To Discovery . ... Explanation: Rehearsing for his historic flight on February 20, 1962, Mercury program astronaut John H. Glenn Jr. works in a cramped training capsule preparing for a few hours' voyage through space . Dubbed Friendship 7 , his own snug spacecraft was launched by an Atlas rocket and carried Glenn three times around planet Earth at an altitude of about 120 miles, returning him safely to a "splashdown" in the Atlantic Ocean. ...

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• APOD: May 18, 1997 - The First Explorer
• APOD: February 10, 1996 - The First Explorer
• APOD: February 6, 1999 - The First Explorer

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. JOINT SESSIONS ON COSMOLOGY AND PARTICLE PHYSICS . ELECTRON CENTENARY . Acknowledgements . Instructions for electronic submission . PPEUC was hosted by the High Energy Physics and Radio Astronomy Groups in the Cavendish Laboratory . This Web Site was made possible by a generous donation from Q Associates. Last update 2 July1997

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... More on 51 Peg: . The discovery of a Jupiter--mass planet in orbit around the solar--type star 51Peg has been reported by Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz (Geneva Observatory) on October 6th at the 9th Cambridge workshop on "cool stars, stellar systems, and the sun" held at Florence (Italy). ... Recall that the measurements of radial velocity only yield v sin i which in turn gives us M sin i. For most values of i, sin i will be greater than 0.5 and this gives a mass estimate of 0.5 Jupiter masses. ...

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• http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~uochep/publectures/talks/07-10-08.pdf
• http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~uochep/publectures/talks/02-05-08.pdf
• Thermal History of the Universe

During routine astrometry with the 1.0-m to improve the orbit of the Apollo asteroid 2004 CB, the 'asteroid' was found on March 30 to have a short tail! ... it was renamed periodic comet P/2004 CB (LINEAR). ... Back to Previous News . Siding Spring Survey Main Page . ... Follow-up Astrometry with the 1.0-m at SSO . Previous News Items . Anglo-Australian Near Earth Asteroid Survey 1990-96 . ...

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• C/2006 P1 (McNaught)
• Siding Spring Survey Discoveries
• Siding Spring Survey Follow-up Obs

... Back to the Live Radiation Monitor Data The radiation monitor on board XMM-Newton registers the total count rate and basic spectral information on the background radiation impinging on the spacecraft and its scientific instruments. ... Counting of pulses for a selected energy band and above the low thresholds. ... Sensitivity: due to the electronic threshold, actually only electrons with energy greater than 130 keV and protons greater than 1.3 MeV can be measured by this unit. ...

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• Introduction

... Observing . ... Spacecraft capture an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection . ... On August 20, 2013, at 4:24 a.m. EDT, the Sun erupted with an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME), a solar phenomenon which can send billions of tons of particles into space that can reach Earth one to three days later. ... Only registered members of Astronomy.com are allowed to comment on this article. ... Receive news, sky-event information, observing tips, and more from Astronomy's weekly email newsletter. ...

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• A century of discoveries | Astronomy.com
• Mars-bound rover begins research in space | Astronomy.com
• NASAт??s Glory satellite fails to reach orbit | Astronomy.com

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• http://observ.pereplet.ru/images/SN101026/sn.html
• http://observ.pereplet.ru/images/SN101219/sn.html
• MASTER GLOBAL ROBOTIC TELESCOPES NET

Instrument . ... Scanning TV-sensor with on-board data recording system for global coverage mode . ... recording, direct transmission . ... IR-radiometer for global coverage and direct data transmission modes . ... The scientific instrument package onboard the Meteor-3 spacecraft provides for regular instant acquisition of images of cloudiness and Earth surface in visible and infra-red bands, data on air temperature and humidity, sea surface temperature and clouds temperature. ...

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• SPUTNIK Clouds map