... It was developed co-operatively by scientific institutions in the USA, Great Britain and Russia to carry out studies on the thermal infrared radiation of the Martian atmosphere. ... The Martian atmosphere consists of 95% carbon dioxide. ... Despite the "hidden" water on Mars, its current role in the planet's life is quite significant: it can even be a regulator, which keeps the content of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere at a constant level. ... a) how large are the water resources on Mars? . ...

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• MAGION-4 Spacecraft (C2-X)
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• The Wind Spacecraft

... On-the-Fly Reprocessing . ... STIS has moved from the On-the-Fly Calibration (OTFC) processing system to the new On-the-Fly Reprocessing (OTFR) system. ... With OTFR, raw data headers are re-built from these pod files, enabling many changes and fixes to be done at this early step, which were impossible with OTFC. ... There will no longer be a column for Used and Best reference files, since you will by default receive the best reference files, and Used becomes meaningless under the OTFR system. ...

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• WFPC2 Instrument Handbook Update
• Fine Guidance Sensor Instrument Handbook
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... It was designed to observe the solar wind approaching Earth, from a position near the Lagrangian point L1, and it is part of the International Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) Initiative . ... The original plan called for "Wind" to approach its final station over two years, undergoing two close encounters with the Moon to boost its speed. ... If however the object is moving , the encounter is not symmetric, and in the end the spacecraft may have gained or lost speed, depending on its trajectory. ...

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• Polar Orbiting Satellites
• Sensors
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... Stellar Evolution is driven entirely by the never ending battle between Pressure and Gravity . As imbalances are reached, the star is driven to find a new Energy source. ... Pressure and gravitational forces are equal, the star is stable and its core is sufficiently hot to fuse Hydrogen into Helium More about main sequence stars . ... The luminosity generated by the core fusion of Helium into Carbon is far greater than the shell luminosity associated with the fusion of Hydrogen into Helium. ...

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... Taken from the NASA/JPL information summary "Our Solar System at a Glance". The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) automated spacecraft for solar system exploration come in many shapes and sizes. ... Electrical power is required to operate the spacecraft instruments and systems. ... Between 1959 and 1971, NASA spacecraft were dispatched to study the Moon and the solar environment; they also scanned the inner planets other than Earth -- Mercury , Venus and Mars . ...

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• Mariner 10
• Mariner 9 to Mars
• Luna 3

... Science . ... Science Users Information > Data Handling and Products > Data Reduction FAQ > I want to process MOS data of the same target from different nights together - how can I do that? ... Observing Facilities . ... Observing with ESO Telescopes . ... However, if you want to process science data from different nights together you should limit the available calibrations to those from one night as the pipeline assumes that the calibration data were taken without mask movement in between. ...

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• ESO - Thesis Topic: Interferometric studies of the mass-loss process from cool
• ESO - Processed Calibration Files for VLT instruments Now Available
• Quality Control and Data Processing: Home page

GRANAT is the Russian x-ray sattelite launched to the high apogee orbit (200,000 km) and operated almost for 10 years (1989 -1999) , carrying out four major instruments: French SIGMA coded-mask hard x-ray telescope (30-1000 keV), Soviet ART-P coded-mask telescope (2??-60?? keV), all-sky monitor WATCH (6-150 keV), and a gamma-burst detector PHEBUS . ... Since September 1994, GRANAT is in the survey mode. ... Explore pages devoted to individual GRANAT instruments (including main scientific results): . ...

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... Mark C. Lee (Colonel, USAF, Ret.) NASA Astronaut (former) . ... EDUCATION: Graduated from Viroqua High School, Viroqua, Wisconsin, in 1970; received a bachelor of science degree in civil engineering from the U.S. Air Force Academy in 1974, and a master of science degree in mechanical engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1980. ... NASA EXPERIENCE: Lee was selected as an astronaut candidate by NASA in May 1984. ... Lee retired from NASA and the Air Force effective July 1, 2001. ...

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• Astronaut Bio: Bruce McCandless II
• Astronaut Bio: J. M. Linenger 8/01
• Astronaut Bio: C. Brown 7/2007

... Previous: Data Processing at the INTEGRAL Science Data Centre . ... This is clearly illustrated by Geneva's contribution to the level 1 data processing for the Low-Frequency Instrument (LFI) of ESA's Planck mission. ... 2003). ... Since the end of 2001, a small sub-team of the ISDC, including only three software engineers, is developing the main software components for the level 1 data processing of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI). ... 2003, A&A, 411, L53 . ...

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• ESA Survey Missions and Global Processing
• Distribution of the OPUS Data Processing System
• Distributed Software for Observations in the Near Infrared

... Research of an atmosphere of the Earth and other planets of Solar system by optical methods . ... The long-term experience of study of atmospheres of planets of Solar system in a department of physics of planets has defined directions and methods of researches spent for laboratory . ... The tasks of laboratory are researches by optical methods of structure of a Terrestrial atmosphere, namely study of spectra of absorption of its compound radiation of natural and artificial sources. ...

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... S.P. KOROLEV ROCKET AND SPACE CORPORATION ENERGIA . ... OAO RSC "Energia" . ... Company's History . ... ISS Russian Segment . ... Sea Launch . ... News . ... In accordance with the mission plan of the International Space Station (ISS) and Russian commitments under this international project, a manned transportation spacecraft Soyuz TMA-04M was launched from Baikonur launch site at 07:01:23 AM Moscow Time. ... RSC Energia: Progress MS-02 docked with the ISS.' ... 2015 JSC "S.P. Korolev RSC "Energia" ...

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• INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
• PRESS RELEASE - S.P. KOROLEV ROCKET & SPACE CORPORATION ENERGIA
• RSC "Energia" - Land Launch

... edetect_chain (edetect_chain-2.16.2) [xmmsas_20060628_1801-7.0.0] . ... The user can specify an arbitrary combination of images from different energy bands and different EPIC instruments. ... The detection tasks eexpmap , eboxdetect , and emldetect require the energy boundaries of the input images as input parameters pimin and pimax . ... The most important parameters of the detection tasks are accepted as input parameters by edetect_chain and passed on to the tasks. ...

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... Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2005 December 1 . SOHO's Uninterrupted View of the Sun . Credit: SOHO Consortium , ESA , NASA . Image Montage: Steele Hill ( GSFC ) . Explanation: Launched ten years ago this week, SOHO (the SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory) still enjoys an uninterrupted view of the Sun. ... Happy tenth anniversary SOHO! ... About APOD | ...

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• APOD: 2009 March 8 - Gibbous Europa
• APOD: 2011 January 30 - Gibbous Europa
• APOD: 2007 December 2 - Gibbous Europa

. Russion version . Last updated on May, 2008 . RadioAstron Mission .

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• RadioAstron main page, english version
• MILLIMETRON

Target: Venus . The Soviet VEGA Spacecraft Two remarkable "busloads" of automated spacecraft were launched toward Venus by the Soviet Union in December of 1984. Each one contains three separate modules: one lander and one balloon-carried atmosphere probe to be dropped off at Venus in June, 1985, and one major package of instruments which will continue on to encounter Halley's Comet in March, 1986. ... Venus and Earth: A Comparison . Earth . ... in Earth days) . ... 243 Earth days . ...

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• ASP: Science@Saturn: Cassini-Huygens Mission to Saturn and Titan
• ASP: The Face on Mars
• ASP: Up, Up, and Away

... Ten thousand years ago, before the dawn of recorded human history, a new light must suddenly have appeared in the night sky and faded after a few weeks. ... Just after the Moon set but before the Sun rose in the early morning hours of August 12, meteors pelted the Earth from the direction of the constellation Perseus, while ions pelted the Earth from the Sun. ... New images of Titan's surface were released last week from the Canada-France Hawaii Telescope featuring the finest details yet resolved. ...

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Next: Summary of Imaging Strategies Up: Primary Beams and Mosaicing Previous: Mosaicing Observing Strategies . ... Splitting: As with conventional reduction, for calibration and imaging purposes, it is easiest in Miriad to split the data into datasets containing a `single source' and single frequency band. ... vis=mosaic.uv . ... Data Selection: With mosaic visibility datasets, the select=ra and select=dec selection sub-commands can be useful to extract or manipulate a subset of the visibility data. ...

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• Australia Telescope National Facility
• difx:difxmpi [ATNF VLBI Wiki]
• Spectral Line Processing and RPFITS files

Home About Meade Product Information Dealer Locator Customer Support Investor Relations Dealer Support Employment Opportunities Site Map . Meade Instruments Corporation . ... Meade Pictor XT-Series CCD Autoguider/Imagers . Section 13: Viewing and Processing Images . ... The software can read most images in these formats, and convert between them using the File, Save As command. ... This is done by placing the information in a .txt file with the same name as the image file). ... Merge Images: . ...

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• Meade Instruments - Telescopes, Solar Telescopes, Binoculars, Spotting Scopes
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• Meade Instruments Corporation - Choosing the Right Microscope

... SUN MOON MERCURY VENUS MARS, JUPITER SATURN . ... Mars . ... Mars mission team addressing vacuum leak on key science instrument . ... A key science instrument that will be carried aboard NASA's Interior Exploration Using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) spacecraft being prepared for launch in March 2016 is experiencing a leak in the vacuum container carrying its main sensors. ... Only registered members of Astronomy.com are allowed to comment on this article. ...

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• NASA prepares to launch first mission to explore martian atmosphere |
• Spacecraft detects aurora and mysterious dust cloud around Mars | Astronomy.com
• Mars spacecraft ready for September 21 orbit insertion | Astronomy.com

... Research objects and scientific purposes . Space scientific program includes development and launch of two supersmall spacecrafts "Universitetskiy" and "Kompas-2" intended for monitoring of radiation conditions near the Earth. ... All the studies conducted in the near-Earth space are characterised by strong radiation fields. ... The circular polar orbits, which cover all the near-Earth space, are the most favorable for comprehensive studies of the radiation conditions near the Earth. ...

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• University Satellites and Space Science Education '2006 I