... The first person to orbit the Earth was the Russian Yuri Gagarin, on April 12, 1961. The first American to do so was John Glenn, who completed three orbits on February 20, 1962; more than 26 years later, at age 77, Glenn returned to space aboard the space shuttle. ... Any manned mission faces the problem of safe return to Earth, which requires getting rid of the huge amount of energy associated with orbital motion. A spacecraft in low Earth orbit moves at about 24 times the velocity of sound. ...

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Astronotes Armagh Planetarium's Stellar Blog! ... Concept Spacecraft . ... Monthly Sky Notes . ... October . ... By admin September 30, 2011 Posted in: Human Exploration . Gemini Spacecraft: The red and gold spheres in the Equipment Module are propellant tanks and the red cylinder in the nose is the parachute pack. ... Image credit: NASA) . ... Amazingly in 2011, an outfit called Space Operations Inc proposed launching updated Geminis (rebadged as Eclipse spacecraft) for commercial clients! ...

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GRANAT is the Russian x-ray sattelite launched to the high apogee orbit (200,000 km) and operated almost for 10 years (1989 -1999) , carrying out four major instruments: French SIGMA coded-mask hard x-ray telescope (30-1000 keV), Soviet ART-P coded-mask telescope (2??-60?? keV), all-sky monitor WATCH (6-150 keV), and a gamma-burst detector PHEBUS . ... Since September 1994, GRANAT is in the survey mode. ... Explore pages devoted to individual GRANAT instruments (including main scientific results): . ...

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Mariner 10 . ... Mariner 10 was the seventh successful launch in the Mariner spacecraft series, and the first to use the gravitational pull of one planet ( Venus ) to reach another ( Mercury ). ... It measured 1.39 meters (4.56 feet) diagonally and 0.457 meters (1.5 feet) in depth. ... Views of Mariner 10 . ... Venus/Mercury Mission . ... Launched in November 1973, this mission provided new information about Mercury and Venus in the Mariner program's first dual-planet mission. ...

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• Galileo to Jupiter
• Magellan Mission to Venus
• Venera 5

Launch Vehicle Vostok . ... and interplanetary station . ... Development of the three-stage LV followed from the Government Decree of March 20, 1958. ... The LV carrying lunar station E1 was first launched on September 23, 1958. ... Further on, this LV was also employed for launching spacecraft "Zenit", "Electron", and "Vostok". ... The LV Vostok launch mass is about 287 kg, the spacecraft mass is 4 725 kg. Three-stage launch vehicle Vostok . ... Official WEB-site of S.P.Korolev RSC Energia . ...

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• S.P. Korolev RSC Energia - News
• RSC "Energia" - History

With this knowledge of orbits, we are ready to plan a trip to Mars. ... The spacecraft will already have the 107,000 kilometers per hour (66,500 miles per hour) speed of Earth, whereas Mars moves at only 86,900 kilometers per hour (53,900 miles per hour). ... A speed of about 42,000 kilometers per hour will be enough to escape the Earth's gravity and, when added to the Earth's orbital speed around the Sun, put the spacecraft on a Hohmann transfer orbit to the Red Planet. ... 1,570,000 . ... Earth . ...

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• ASP: Exploring Venus

... Galileo Probe . The Galileo spacecraft was designed to study Jupiter's atmosphere, satellites, and surrounding magnetosphere for two years. ... From there, Galileo will spend more than five years traveling to Jupiter, where it will become the first spacecraft to make direct measurements from an instrumented probe within Jupiter's atmosphere. ... This image, taken by the Hubble Space Telescope, shows the predicted site at which the Galileo Probe will enter Jupiter's atmosphere on December 7, 1995. ...

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• Spacecraft Observing Earth's Space Environment
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Ground Support of RadioAstron . Control and Tracking Stations . RadioAstron satellite control (command transmission, telemetry, orbit measurements) will be conducted from Evpatoria and Bear Lake control stations. ... Coarse orbit measurements will be carried out from control stations. Each measurement takes ten minutes. ... Orbit measurements at tracking stations give only radial component of spacecraft velocity but the measurements are going continuously during observing sessions. ...

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. The XMM-Newton website has moved to the following location: . http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton

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• satvelsrc: SATellite VELocity in SouRCe direction

National Aeronautics and Space Administration . ... JOHN E. BLAHA (COLONEL, USAF, RET.) NASA ASTRONAUT (FORMER) . ... EDUCATION: Graduated from Granby High School in Norfolk, Virginia, in 1960; received a bachelor of science in engineering science from the United States Air Force Academy in 1965 and a master of science in astronautical engineering from Purdue University in 1966. ... NASA EXPERIENCE: Selected as an astronaut in May 1980, Blaha has logged 161 days in space on 5 space missions. ...

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• NASA - JSC History Portal
• Astronaut Bio: Stephen K. Robinson (07/2012)
• Astronaut Bio: Peter J. K. Wisoff 11/2001

... SSAU History . ... The Ground Control Complex for Small Spacecraft of Samara State Aerospace University took control of the satellites Aist-1 . ... The data received from SSAU scientific equipment on board of the satellites Aist-1 was processed by the engineers of the Rocket and Space Centre and then was transferred to the university scientists. ... On April 19, 2013 the first small spacecraft Aist-1 was launched from the space-launch complex Baykonur together with a research satellite Bion-M No. ...

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• Егорычев Виталий Сергеевич. Публикации
• System of zero gravity state on the spacecraft 'Photon M4'
• Зубанов Василий Михайлович. Публикации

NEWS FEDERATION rus ENCYCLOPEDIA rus HISTORY rus MIR STATION RUSSIAN . ... Cosmonauts. ... Launches . ... Launch Vehicles. ... Launch Sites . ... Space Science . Heroes Of Space Remember . Military Space . History . ... New Scientific Satellites . ... New Skies Broadcasts Presidential Debates . ...

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• News of Cosmonautics - August, 2002 | Russian Space News | CosmoWorld.ru
• News of Cosmonautics - September, 2002 | Russian Space News | CosmoWorld.ru
• News of Cosmonautics - June, 2002 | Russian Space News | CosmoWorld.ru