Next: Discussion Up: Old neutron star distribution Previous: Galactic potential . It proves to be teachful to have a look at the calculated distribution (Fig. ... The galactic z -distribution of stars and peculiar velocities slightly smear out this narrow boundary. ... The final picture (Fig. ) of the old neutron star density distribution is obviously the sum of filled equipotential lobes with different weighted with the probability shown in the Fig. ...

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The approaches mentioned in the section title belong to one family which is called in Newton's book [ 56 ] the short waves or high energy approximation (HEA). It means the scattering by soft particles (or potentials) in the case of the wavelengths short in comparison with the particle size (or correspondingly the case of scattering of high energy particles by the potentials). ...

... The hotter the gas, the faster they move, and the more energy each of them holds. The free ions and electrons in a plasma behave the same way. Knowing the temperature of the high atmosphere of Earth, or that of the Sun, we can calculate energies expected of ions and electrons found there. However, ions and electrons actually observed in space are often much , much more energetic, and may move at a respectable fraction of the velocity of light (300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec). ...

Next: Background Definition Up: Echelle Spectra Previous: Order Definition . ... Their removal is a rather delicate step, because in high-contrast images (such as well-exposed echelle spectra) there is always a danger of damaging the scientific contents of the frame. Particle hits can be removed from scientific exposures by splitting the exposure and comparing spectra of the same target obtained under the same instrumental configuration. ... Note that the background has been subtracted already. ...

... The cross entropy for this complex image is given by ( 16 ) and ( 17 ). ... Differentiating ( 31 ) with respect to and , we find the gradient of is given by . and upon differentiating once more we find the Hessian (curvature) matrix of has the form . ... and its Hessian matrix reads . ... From ( 16 ) and ( 17 ), we find the components of the gradient vector of the cross entropy are given by . ... Differentiating once more we find the components of the Hessian of the cross entropy to be given by . ...

NATIONAL ASTRONOMY AND IONOSPHERE CENTER . ... Astronomy . ... Visitor Center . ... Kick-Off Ceremony of the Arecibo Observatory 50th Anniversary . ... Visit to AO of Hon. ... A group of Nuclear and Particle Physicists that are in Puerto Rico participating in their Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics visited the Arecibo Observatory on April 12, 2012. ...

... As a consequence, the spectral height and size of the resolution element (resel) have changed. ... The ETC will be updated for phase II of Cycle 21, in the meantime the correction factors given in the Known Issues page of the ETC should be used. ... Since the ETC uses a resolution element that is 5 times smaller (6 pix), it will overestimate the time required to achieve a certain S/N per 30 pixel resolution element, while underestimating the S/N per 30 pixel resolution element for a given time. ...

... The forces of the mobile are calculated using a grid scheme. ... The initial parameters are coded in the file names: The number after Speed is the pattern speed of the initial quadrupole field and frac is the fraction of disk particles . [agris@mizar ~/ Mar ]# ll ~/public_html/Larry/ 6033838 Mar 2 10:14 Speed -0.08- frac -0.0g.ps 6035344 Mar 2 10:14 Speed -0.08- frac -0.1g.ps 6040839 Mar 2 10:14 Speed -0.16- frac -0.0g.ps 8778756 Mar 2 10:14 ...

... A Particle Beam Jet forms HH 24 . ... Credit Copyright: Hubble Legacy Archive , NASA , ESA - Processing: Judy Schmidt Explanation: If you visit HH 24, don't go near the particle beam jet. ... The above image was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in infrared light in order to better understand turbulent star forming regions known as Young Stellar Objects (YSOs). Frequently when a star forms, a disk of dust and gas circles the YSO causing a powerful central jets to appear. ...

... Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2014 February 4 . A Particle Beam Jet forms HH 24 . Image Credit: Hubble Legacy Archive , NASA , ESA - Processing: Judy Schmidt . Explanation: If you visit HH 24, don't go near the particle beam jet. ... Frequently when a star forms, a disk of dust and gas circles the YSO causing a powerful central jets to appear. ... About APOD | ...

... Energy . ... The free ions and electrons in a plasma behave the same way. Knowing the temperature of the high atmosphere of Earth, or that of the Sun, we can calculate energies expected of ions and electrons found there. However, ions and electrons actually observed in space are often much, much more energetic, and may move at a respectable fraction of the velocity of light (300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec). ... Typical energy of an electron in the polar aurora. 40,000 ev . ... 50,000 ev . ...

Blackholes2 Forum Message . Forums: . ... Firtual Particles Are Not Only Particle Pairs . ... Posted by Richard Ruquist on October 19, 2004 12:03:20 UTC . ... Vacuum production of virtual particle pairs cannot violate the uncertainty principle. ... This theory is dual to the particle theory of gravitons. ... www.astronomy.net . About Astronomy Net | ... Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

... Research objects and scientific purposes . Space scientific program includes development and launch of two supersmall spacecrafts "Universitetskiy" and "Kompas-2" intended for monitoring of radiation conditions near the Earth. ... All the studies conducted in the near-Earth space are characterised by strong radiation fields. ... The circular polar orbits, which cover all the near-Earth space, are the most favorable for comprehensive studies of the radiation conditions near the Earth. ...

Next: Field of View Up: CCD Scientific Performance Previous: Back Illumination . The CCD acts as a storage medium, and with frame times of the order seconds, there is no obvious method of employing prompt co-incidence rejection of charged particle events. ... In conventional CCDs, a m track length results in an equivalent energy deposition of 5 - 6 keV, and significant confusion with X-ray events arises. ... A trade-off between rejection efficiency and spectroscopic efficiency is required. ...

... Posts tagged ?chi-square minimization? ... Posted by hlee . ... Category: Bad AstroStat , Fitting , High-Energy , Methods , Spectral , X-ray | ... I was delighted to see his introductory article about particle physics and its statistical challenges from an [arxiv:stat] email subscription. ... Tags: bimodality , chi-square minimization , Classification , CMD , Estimation , machine learning , massive data , model based , PCA , spectral analysis , spectroscopic , survey , VO . ... SAMSI AstroStat Prog....

... C and FORTRAN language interface library and sample program are supplied. ... files and directories, you can confirm them by inputting commend like following, xx cd g6bx xx ls -l total 99 drwxrwxr-x 2 bgrape bgrape 4096 -rw-r--r-1 bgrape bgrape 1102 drwxrwxr-x 2 bgrape bgrape 4096 drwxr-xr-x 3 bgrape bgrape 4096 drwxrwxr-x 2 bgrape bgrape 4096 drwxr-xr-x 2 bgrape bgrape 4096 drwxrwxr-x 2 bgrape bgrape 4096 drwxr-xr-x 2 ... Compiling device driver 2. ...

home publications > mercury . SEARCH ASP SITE: Match ALL words Match ANY word . ... Publications of the ASP (PASP) . ... Ghostly Particles All About . ... Rather than give up on this problem, Pauli?s imagination leaped in that darkness, and our understanding of Nature was propelled forward. ... Radioactivity refers to the process by which really big nuclei, which are made of large numbers of protons and neutral neutrons?like, say, nuclei of uranium or radium?rid themselves of excess energy. ...

The Satellite Telescope of Electrons and Protons STEP . ... Precision measurements of the energy, angular, and time distributions in precipitating fluxes of high-energy charged particles with solar, magnetospheric, and anomalous cosmic rays origin. ... Both "STEP-DI" and "STEP-DII" have an identical construction of large solid angle telescope from 4 detectors (D1-D4), first 2 of which (D1-D2) are position-sensitive silicon strip-detectors; both D3 and D4 are scintillation CsI(Tl) detectors. ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... Astronomy for Kids . ... Do orbital motions between galaxies affect calculations of the cosmological redshift? ... RELATED TOPICS: COSMOLOGICAL REDSHIFT . ... The observed redshift, or wavelength shift due to motion, of a galaxy s characteristic light spectrum is a combination of the galaxy s motion with respect to its neighbors ( peculiar velocity ) and the expansion of the universe ( cosmological redshift ). ... Get instant access to subscriber content on Astronomy.com! ...