The large magnetic cloud caused by coronal mass ejection at the Sun on January 6, 1997 came to the Earth at early morning on January 10 and continue to interact with Earth's magnetosphere till January 11 (see for example home page of this event prepeared by Dr. M.Peredo http://www-istp.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp/cloud_jan97/event.html ). ... During the days discussed here INTERBALL-1 satellite was in the magnetosphere (MS) near its dusk flunk - see the Fig. 1 for compearing. ...

... Let us first find out which way -- rise in spectral resolution with some loss in the S/N ratio or increase in the S/N ratio with a fixed spectral resolution -- is better for the purpose of reduction of equivalent width determination errors. ... N -- number of counts for 1 ? ... line equivalent width, . ... Thus if the spectral resolution is managed to be increased (i.e. to decrease )without loss in the number of counts falling at 1 ?, the equivalent width measurement error is then proportional to . ...

... Optical, X-ray, -ray, UV . ... Crab, B0540-69, Geminga, B1509-58, Vela . Optical - Crab, B0540-69, Geminga, Vela . ... X-ray - 27 pulsars (13 pulsed), 7 msps (3 pulsed) . X-ray - 3 thermal surface cooling emission . X-rays pulsed, unpulsed or from bow shock . Outer gap emission . ...

Hubble Observations Shed New Light on Jupiter Collision . Was it a comet or an asteroid? ... Their initial findings, combined with results from other space-borne and ground-based telescopes, shed new light on Jupiter's atmospheric winds, its immense magnetic field, the mysterious dark debris from the impacts, and the composition of the doomed comet itself. ... Hubble's ultraviolet observations show the motion of very fine impact debris particles now suspended high in Jupiter's atmosphere. ...

... ESO, the European Southern Observatory . ... Travel and Contacts . Travel to ESO Headquarters . ... Green ESO . ... Survey Telescopes . ... Star Clusters . ... Stars@ESO . ... ESO 3.6-metre telescope . ... MPG/ESO 2.2-metre telescope . ... ESO 1-metre Schmidt telescope . ... Interferometric observations of a single star are shown, as the distance between the two telescopes is gradually increased. The observed pattern at the focal plane clearly changes, and the "fringes" disappear completely. ...

... Some optical observations of auroral forms have indicated anomalous enhancement of emission within a very limited altitude range of about 2 km (Oguti, 1975; Stenbaek-Nielsen and Hallinan, 1979; Stenbaek-Nielsen, 1980a, b), and have been called as enhanced aurora. ... Res. ... Oguti, T., Two-tiered auroral band, J. Atmos. ... Res., 85 , 4299, 1980b. Stenbaek-Nielsen, H. C., and T. N. Hallinan, Pulsating auroras: Evidence for noncollisional thermalization of precipitating electrons, J. Geophys. ...

Static Fourier spectrometers are often used for spectral measurements of the ionosphere emissions. There are two main advantages of Fourier spectrometers (FS) - large geometric factor and high spectral resolution; these parameters are two orders better than for grating spectral instruments. ... In scanning Fourier spectrometer optical and electric modulation of signal is used to avoid this problem, for static Fourier spectrometer there are no such ways. ...

... A radio galaxy is a galaxy that emits an unusually big amount of energy at radio wavelengths. ... Inside of each galaxy with an active nucleus (radio galaxies are among them) there must be a system of a "central machine" responsible for the colossal amount of the emitted energy from radio to gamma ranges. ... Sometimes a radio source in an active galaxy may flare again if the needed conditions appear (a new portion of matter would fall into the furnace of the "central machine"). ...

... Galaxies 99 Cosmic background with model of cloudy interstellar medium Yu. ... Figure 1: Averaged spectrum of the cosmic background I f in frequency range 0.25 200 MHz for the Galactic poles. ... First interpretation of the cosmic noise background spectrum at broad band frequency range 0.25 200 MHz with a model of the cloudy interstellar medium ISM is presented here. ... Synthesized background spectra I f for regions of the Galactic poles at the frequency range 0.25 200 MHz is presented in Fig. ...

... This study reveals for the first time the existence of bi-directional jets, which are a signature of magnetic reconnection, occurring along coronal hole (CH) boundaries. ... K) emission lines in an equatorial extension of a polar coronal hole, known as the ``Elephant's Trunk'' coronal hole, show small regions of a few arc-seconds size with strong blue- and red-shifted emission reaching Doppler shifts of up to 150km s, i.e. bi-directional jets. ...

... To determine a lower limit to the sensitivity of current observations to measurements of NS surface temperatures, we have used data from the Einstein Slew Survey (Elvis et al. 1990) to establish temperature limits for 275 pulsars which received nonzero exposure during the survey. ... Filled squares correspond to pulsars actually detected in the survey data