... Energy . ... The free ions and electrons in a plasma behave the same way. Knowing the temperature of the high atmosphere of Earth, or that of the Sun, we can calculate energies expected of ions and electrons found there. However, ions and electrons actually observed in space are often much, much more energetic, and may move at a respectable fraction of the velocity of light (300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec). ... Typical energy of an electron in the polar aurora. 40,000 ev . ... 50,000 ev . ...

... Energy . ... The free ions and electrons in a plasma behave the same way. Knowing the temperature of the high atmosphere of Earth, or that of the Sun, we can calculate energies expected of ions and electrons found there. However, ions and electrons actually observed in space are often much, much more energetic, and may move at a respectable fraction of the velocity of light (300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec). ... Typical energy of an electron in the polar aurora. 40,000 ev . ... 50,000 ev . ...

... Acceleration of particles in the vicinity of a massive black hole We propose a two-step mechanism for charged particle acceleration in the magnetosphere of a massive black hole surrounded by an accretion disk. Particles first gain energy by stochastic process during the accretion phase. It is shown that effective proton acceleration up to energies eV is possible in the turbulent magnetized accretion disk. ...

A limit on the ultra-high-energy neutrino flux from Centaurus A Justin Bray For the LUNASKA collaboration Clancy James, Ron Ekers, Chris Phillips, Paul Roberts, John Reynolds, Rebecca McFadden, Ray Protheroe, Jaime Alvarez-MuЯiz, Justin Bray Outline: · Ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays neutrinos · Detecting UHE neutrinos · The lunar Cherenkov technique · Observations with the ATCA · Observations with Parkes · ASKAP and the future ... Detection Geometry Neutrinos are penetrating.. ...

... Stellar Evolution is driven entirely by the never ending battle between Pressure and Gravity . As imbalances are reached, the star is driven to find a new Energy source. ... Pressure and gravitational forces are equal, the star is stable and its core is sufficiently hot to fuse Hydrogen into Helium More about main sequence stars . ... The luminosity generated by the core fusion of Helium into Carbon is far greater than the shell luminosity associated with the fusion of Hydrogen into Helium. ...

ION AND ELECTRON ENERGY DETECTOR PAN-2 . ... The energy and angular distributions of charged particles can bring further information on the nature and spatial scales of magnetospheres processes. ... It permits the fast measurements of energy and angular parameters of charged particles in the range 40eV-40keV. ... The sensor unit is an electron electrostatic, axially symmetrical, toroidal analyzer. ... The energy range for both types of charged particles must stepped according to the logarithmic scale. ...

Gerry Doyle's homepage . Watch this space!

Solar Flare Origin - critical analysis" Lev Pusti'lnik We analyze current approach to solar flare origin in 3 aspects: a. Pre-flare equilibrium state of current-magnetic structure above active region and its evolution to flare state, b. Possible reasons of stability loss with transition of system in flare state c. Flare energy release in turbulent current sheet and particle acceleration in this system. ...

Electron Bombarded, Back-Illuminated CCD Sensors . ... EBCCD PERFORMANCE: EBS Gain . ... To the first order, the signal gain in the EBCCD is proportional to the kinetic energy of the photoelectrons prior to their impinging on the CCD back surface. ... To obtain EBS gain in the active material, it is necessary for the photoelectron to enter the pixel from the back surface of the CCD -- away from the gate structures that dissipate the electron energy. ... The EBCCD EBS gain was tested using two methods. ...

... Research objects and scientific purposes . Space scientific program includes development and launch of two supersmall spacecrafts "Universitetskiy" and "Kompas-2" intended for monitoring of radiation conditions near the Earth. ... All the studies conducted in the near-Earth space are characterised by strong radiation fields. ... The circular polar orbits, which cover all the near-Earth space, are the most favorable for comprehensive studies of the radiation conditions near the Earth. ...

... These are the typical steps through which a CCD image has to go. ... That process is repeated until all the pixels from the 1st line are read out. ... Figure 1: raw CCD image, obtained with a Tektronics 1024; refer to the bottom of the page for the technical details. ... The corresponding raw image presents all the defects and artifacts of the CCD and the telescope. ... These are the most basic steps; every image published should have received the following corrections. ... IfA Hale-Bopp page | ...

... Posts tagged ?particle filter? ... Astronomers have developed their ways of processing signals almost independent to but sometimes collaboratively with engineers, although the fundamental of signal processing is same: extracting information. ... This particular issue of IEEE signal processing magazine may shed lights for astronomers interested in signal processing and statistics outside the astronomical society. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine Jul. ... ArXiv] 3rd week, Dec. ... Entries RSS . ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... Sky this Month . ... solar system . ... Sky Events . ... Cosmic Adventures . ... Cassini sheds light on cosmic particle accelerators . ... This result sheds new light on the complex process of cosmic particle acceleration. т?? Cassini has essentially given us the capability of studying the nature of a supernova shock in situ in our own solar system, bridging the gap to distant high-energy astrophysical phenomena that are usually only studied remotely,т?? said Masters...

... To shed new light on these mysteries, we combine the gravitational lensing power of 25 massive galaxy clusters with HST's enhanced panchromatic imaging capabilities (WFC3 and the restored ACS) to test structure formation models with unprecedented precision. We have dubbed our program CLASH, which stands for: . ... CLASH: An Innovative Survey to Place New Constraints on the Fundamental Components of the Cosmos using the Hubble Space Telescope . ...

... B.V. Somov . head of the department . ... room 80 . ... senior research felow . ... research felow . ... research fellow . ... Our department performes the following most perspective studies: . Special analytical and numerical experimental investigations of the solar plasma involved in the magnetic reconnection process at the Sun. ... Head of the seminar: Prof. B.V. Somov. ... 27 September 2013 The Solar Physics Department was visited by journalists of the leading Russian TV channel "Vesti-1". ...

Russian SHAREABLE DATA CENTER Institute of Solar-Terrestial Physics SB RAS . ... Although their determination is based on the scattering process model, independent check-ups by rocket experiments have shown their correctness in experimental applications. ... Ionospheric data analysis, especially during strong disturbances, cannot be without some other kinds of diagnostic tools. ... The lack of data has always been a challange in this case. ...

... Planetary Nebula Abell 7 . ... Very faint planetary nebula Abell 7 is some 1,800 light-years distant, just south of Orion in planet Earth's skies in the constellation Lepus, The Hare. ... Comet Lovejoy through Morby Castle Ruins . ... Comet Lovejoy Before Galaxy M63 . ... Surprising Comet ISON . ... After failing to appear for Sun staring spacecraft at perihelion, its harrowing closest approach to the Sun, sungrazing Comet ISON was presumed lost. ... NGC 1999: South of Orion . ... Comet ISON Rising ...

... Institutes of Chernogolovka . The largest of all the scientific institutions of the center is the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka , where fundamental problems of chemical physics are studied: kinetics and mechanisms of chemical and biological processes; processes of combustion, explosion, and polymerization; and mechanisms of elementary reactions involving high energy particles. ... Developments and Technologies . ...

Chapter 1. ... The NVIDIA Accelerated Linux Graphics Driver brings accelerated 2D functionality and high-performance OpenGL support to Linux x86_64 with the use of NVIDIA graphics processing units (GPUs). ... This document provides instructions for the installation and use of the NVIDIA Accelerated Linux Graphics Driver. ... Chapter 7, Frequently Asked Questions addresses frequently asked questions about the installation process, and Chapter 8, Common Problems provides solutions to common problems. ...

The space between the planets is far from empty. It contains: electromagnetic radiation (photons); hot plasma (electrons, protons and other ions) a.k.a. the solar wind ; cosmic rays; microscopic dust particles; and magnetic fields (primarily the Sun's). While the Sun 's radiation is obvious, the other components of the interplanetary medium were not discovered until very recently. ... Except near some of the planets, interplanetary space is filled with the Sun's magnetic field. ... Sun .. ...