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... Auroral Currents . 25H. Birkeland Currents . ... Aurora Origin . ... Any electric current, however, must flow in a closed circuit, and since it seemed to be caused (like that of the aurora) by processes taking place in distant space, Birkeland proposed that it came down from space at one end of the arc and returned to space at the other end. ... His idea was that as solar plasma flowed through magnetic fields, dynamo effects produced the very same currents which also created those magnetic fields. ...

... Auroral Currents . 25H. Birkeland Currents . ... Aurora Origin . ... Any electric current, however, must flow in a closed circuit, and since it seemed to be caused (like that of the aurora) by processes taking place in distant space, Birkeland proposed that it came down from space at one end of the arc and returned to space at the other end. ... His idea was that as solar plasma flowed through magnetic fields, dynamo effects produced the very same currents which also created those magnetic fields. ...

For historical reasons, it is useful to offer comparisons between the current WFPC2, and its predecessor WF/PC-1, which was returned to Earth in December 1993. Field format: WF/PC-1 contained 8 cameras and CCDs, each CCD having 800 x 800 pixels. ... Many differences derive from the fact that the WF/PC-1 CCDs were thinned, backside illuminated devices whereas the WFPC2 CCDs are thick, frontside illuminated devices. ... WFPC2 devices have much less CTE error, and hence no preflash is used. ...

This page shows which observing modes are available with which correlator and gives a brief description of the observing modes.. available; . ... WAPP . ... ALFA . ... Calibration mode that scans 4 times across the calibrator, forming a spider shape. ... Calibration mode that scans twice across the calibrator, forming a cross shape. ... This is the standard spectral-line single-pixel observing mode. ... A Calibration mode used by the Galactic ALFA surveys to calibration the G-ALFA HI Spectrometer. ...

Next: Modes of Operation Up: CCD Scientific Performance Previous: Field of View . Thermal excitation of charge carriers from the valence to the conduction band creates a dark current signal which may vary with position in the array, and also has temporal shot noise variation. ... In a device devoid of localized defects which give rise to individual dark current spikes , most dark current arises from electrons generated at interface states at the surface. ...

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Solar Flare Origin - critical analysis" Lev Pusti'lnik We analyze current approach to solar flare origin in 3 aspects: a. Pre-flare equilibrium state of current-magnetic structure above active region and its evolution to flare state, b. Possible reasons of stability loss with transition of system in flare state c. Flare energy release in turbulent current sheet and particle acceleration in this system. ...