STIS Instrument Handbook for Cycle 24 . ... Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph Instrument Handbook for Cycle 24 > Chapter 6: Exposure Time Calculations > 6.4 Computing Exposure Times . ... Computing Exposure Times . 6.4.1 Calculating Exposure Times for a Given Signal-to-Noise . ... Expected count rate from your source over some area ( C ); . ... In the optical, each photon generates a single electron (i.e., counts в the gain correspond to the total number of electrons). ...

Monte Carlo Methods for Including Calibration Uncertainties in Model Fitting Analyses Jeremy J. Drakea , Peter Ratzlaffa , Vinay Kashyapa , Richard Edgara , Rima Izemb , Diab Jeriusa , Herman ... University, Cambridge, MA 02138 MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Cambridge, MA 02139 b c SUMMARY · Instrument response uncertainties almost universally ignored in astrophysical X-ray ... Limiting accuracy of Chandra ACIS reached in spectra with 10 4 counts. ...

... The Miriad task uvgen can be used to simulate a variety of observing modes. ... Simulating a telescope approximately, let alone in some detail, requires a good many parameters. uvgen takes an appreciable number of parameters and input files to describe the telescope, correlator and source. Fortunately keyword and set-up files for some common situations exist ( e.g. simulating the ATCA and VLA). ... For example, to load typical parameters for the ATCA, use miriad% source $MIRCAT/uvgen.def.atca . ...

Next: EPIC Related CCF Components Up: XAreaEf Previous: Generation from Ground Calibration Contents . It is not foreseen to perform absolute in-orbit effective area measurements. ... Also, contamination effect if any during launch and telescope tube outgazing phase could induce CK and OK absorption edges as well as a modification of the mirror reflectivity close to the Au M absorption edges. Such effect were not detected in the spectra of lineless BL LAC objects. ...

... We study in this paper the effect of shock excitation of leaky and surface modes by the p-polarized electromagnetic wave incident on the rapidly ionized gaseous or solid layer. ... For example, if [pic] (solid density, multiple ionized plasma), the basic frequency [pic], [pic], [pic] we find, that the wavelength of leaky wave [pic] is in soft x rays band. ... If [pic] (low density gaseous plasma), the basic frequency [pic], [pic], [pic] we find, that the wavelength of leaky wave [pic] is in THz band...

... Science . ... Science Users Information > Observing Facilities > Instrumentation Development > VLT/Instrument Interfaces . ... APEX Visitor Instrument . ... The interfaces between the VLT Unit Telescopes and the scientific instruments to be operated at the VLT Cassegrain, Nasmyth and Coudц© foci are well defined. ... Interface and numerous other relevant information for instrument builders is available in the "Requirements for Scientific Instruments on the VLT Unit Telescopes" , ESO doc. no. ...

... Energetic magnetospheric ions are often unstable to the electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) instability . ... generation of EMIC waves below the proton gyrofrequency , and . ... Depending on the local proton gyrofrequency, the frequency of the EMIC waves varies: in the magnetosphere we deal with the ULF range (more precisely 0.1-5 Hz), while in the auroral field lines we have ELF waves (tens or hundreds of Hz; see radio frequencies and flickering aurora ). ... Space Physics Text Book of Oulu ...

Chair of solid state physics . ... Spectroscopy of semiconductors and dielectrics. ... Interband transitions and optical properties of semiconductors. ... Optical properties of metal in a Drude-Lorentz model. Excitons in solids. ... Impurity states in dielectrics and semiconductors. Optical orientation of electron and exciton spins in semiconductors. ... General insight onto interband transitions: electron-radiation interaction, quantum theory of optical transitions in semiconductors. ...

... Up: Future Instruments and Telescopes, Tools . ... New Generation Astronomical Telescopes (NGAT), a class of telescopes designed to be operated remotely and robotically, require efficient methods for communicating images over heterogeneous and low-bandwidth data networks such as the Internet. ... Methods researched thus far involve the classification of astronomical images based on object parameterisation, progressive image transmission, and evaluation of existing image compression schemes. ...

In the PROJECT we are using the following peculiar . features of RATAN-600 . ... Brightness temperature sensitivity being equal to the antenna temperature sensitivity .. ... Receiver system .. ... Using aperture averaging effect. dual- beam and dual (multi-) frequency filtration, we demonstrated full filtration of the atmosphere noise down to the receiver noise at all scales of acoustics peaks ( Fig.1 , Fig 2 ). ... We select this frequency as the central one in our project. ... Antenna surface . ...

Next: Instrument Response Correction Up: Echelle Spectra Previous: Resampling and checking . ... This effect is constant for a given setting and it can be effectively corrected by dividing the object image by a flat--field exposure taken with the same instrument configuration. ... The flat--field correction is done with the command COMPUTE/IMAGE , this command divides the background subtracted OBJ by the normalised flat--field as computed by the command FLAT/ECHELLE . ...

... I have compiled a list of throughput filter curves from a variety of telescopes, instruments, and surveys. Click on the name of the filter to download it. The first line of each filter is the zeropoint for that filter. If the filter is in the AB system, it is listed as 0.0 (or in otherwords -48.55). ... Filter . Effective Wavelength . ... A_V . ... 0.987 . ... 0.050 . ...

Gravitational wave contribution to CMBR anisotropy V.N. Lukash 1 and E.V. Mikheeva 2 Astro Space Center of P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute 3 , Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow 117810, Russia We argue that the contribution of cosmic gravitational waves into the large­scale CMBR anisotropy can exceed 50% for a broad class of the inflationary models with effective \Lambda­term producing the standard local spectrum of primordial cosmological perturbations. ... 10 7 k hor (Figure 2). ...

TOWARDS SUPERSENSITIVE BOLOMETERS AND ELECTRON COOLERS BASED ON CARBON NANOTUBES M.TARASOV, J.SVENSSON, S.DITTMER, L.KUZMIN, AND E.CAMPBELL Chalmers University of Technology, GЖteborg SE 41294, Sweden E-mail: Mikhail.tarasov@mc2.chalmers.se Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are being intensively developed for novel electronics. Electron cooling by superconductor-insulator-nanotube (SIN) tunnel junctions could be extremely effective due to the small volume of the CNT. ...

home education . SEARCH ASP SITE: Match ALL words Match ANY word . ... SEED Grants to Scientists . ... The ASP SEED Grant program supports the ASP's mission to advance science and science literacy through astronomy by encouraging active researchers to engage in public outreach, K-14 formal education, or informal education programs or activities. ... Development, use, and dissemination of a well-illustrated college-level presentation on a specific topic or problem in current research . ... search . ...

Holometer: A Microscope into Space and Time . ... The instrument seeks to determine if slight but simultaneous jiggles of a mirror in two directions expose a fundamental type of holographic noise that always exceeds a minimum amount. ... Although the discovery of holographic noise would surely be groundbreaking, the dependence of such noise on a specific laboratory length scale would surprise some spacetime enthusiasts. ... NASA Web Site Statements, Warnings, and Disclaimers . ...

The new generation radio interferometer . ... 5000 km on the basis of square kilometer phased arrays. It is shown that this interferometer will have the sensitivity ~ 1 mJy at a frequency 100 MHz. ... VLBI interferometer, Active Galactic Nuclei, cosmology, effective area, sensitivity. ... Для исследований физических условий в активных ядрах галактик и космологических исследований необходимы низкочастотные наблюдения компактных радиоисточников с большой чувствительностью и разрешением. ...

... Meade Instruments Corporation . ... Choosing the Right Microscope . ... On most microscopes the specimen glass remains fixed while the microscope's objective lens and eyepiece move as a unit up or down to focus the image. ... Eyepieces of varying powers work with objective lenses of varying powers to yield a range of microscope magnifications. ... Magnification: The effective magnification of a microscope is determined by multiplying the eyepiece power by the objective lens power . ... about meade |...

Cosmic Ray laboratory of . ... Neutron Monitor (Cosmic Ray Observations) . is situated in Irkutsk (Russia) . ... Height - location above sea level . ... Height: . ... For recording the CR (Cosmic Rays) neutron component at Irkutsk, . neutron monitor NM-64 is used, which is an installation with 18 two-meter proportional counters filled with BF 3 (boron trifluoride gas) in which the B 10 90 per cent of the total boron. ... The neutron monitor is located at 475m above sea level. ...

... XG Format Daughter Card . ... The MDB50X is a new XG format daughter card that will fit right into the Wave Blaster expansion connector of the Tahiti, SoundBlaster 16 (not the SB 16 Value), AWE-32 , or any sound card with a Wave Blaster compatible connector. ... In addition, extensive DSP effect functions are includes to give you complete control of your computer sound output. 32-note polyphony enables your system to produce all types of music production, sound effects and quality background music. ...