To achieve its task within the INTERBALL project, the subsatellite must have an orbit close to that of the main satellite and be at a certain distance away from the latter. ... For example, in case of the Tail Probe, to study the fine structure of boundaries between the formations in the interplanetary space (shock waves, magnetopause, magnetic clouds, plasma pistons, etc.) the distance between the subsatellite and the main spacecraft should be in the range of 100-300 km. ...

... Research objects and scientific purposes . Space scientific program includes development and launch of two supersmall spacecrafts "Universitetskiy" and "Kompas-2" intended for monitoring of radiation conditions near the Earth. ... All the studies conducted in the near-Earth space are characterised by strong radiation fields. ... The circular polar orbits, which cover all the near-Earth space, are the most favorable for comprehensive studies of the radiation conditions near the Earth. ...

YAMAL-200 COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE . Spacecraft Yamal-100, Yamal-200 were developed by the Corporation based on the S.P.Korolev RSC Energia-designed Multi-purpose Satellite Bus under a contract with Gascom within the framework of the Russian Federal SpaceProgram. ... Yamal-200 satellites were launched on November 24, 2003 at 9 hours 22 minutes, Moscow Time. Proton-K launch vehicle put the orbital module into its reference orbit. ... Orbit . ... Official WEB-site of S.P.Korolev RSC Energia . ...

... Taken from the NASA/JPL information summary "Our Solar System at a Glance". The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) automated spacecraft for solar system exploration come in many shapes and sizes. ... Electrical power is required to operate the spacecraft instruments and systems. ... Between 1959 and 1971, NASA spacecraft were dispatched to study the Moon and the solar environment; they also scanned the inner planets other than Earth -- Mercury , Venus and Mars . ...

... Solar System . ... Comets and Asteroids . ... Vision of Vesta: a dark feature with a diameter of approximately 100 kim near the asteroid's equator can be seen in this image from Dawn (Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA) . Between Mars and Jupiter lies the Asteroid Belt. ... The Dawn space probe is expected to go into orbit around Vesta on 16 July, from there it will return some detailed images and other data, staying at the asteroid for about a year before setting off to visit Ceres. ...

... Observations of precipitating (Jp) and trapped (Jt) energetic (> 30 keV) particle fluxes at the ionospheric altitudes within the auroral oval region has revealed the existence of a sharp boundary separating the poleward zone of isotropic precipitation (Jp = Jt) from the equatorward zone of weak loss cone filling (Jp << Jt) at all local times (Sergeev and Malkov, 1988). ... boundaries for higher energy particles are located at lower latitudes than boundaries for lower energy particles . ...

GRANAT is the Russian x-ray sattelite launched to the high apogee orbit (200,000 km) and operated almost for 10 years (1989 -1999) , carrying out four major instruments: French SIGMA coded-mask hard x-ray telescope (30-1000 keV), Soviet ART-P coded-mask telescope (2??-60?? keV), all-sky monitor WATCH (6-150 keV), and a gamma-burst detector PHEBUS . ... Since September 1994, GRANAT is in the survey mode. ... Explore pages devoted to individual GRANAT instruments (including main scientific results): . ...

... Research . Projects . ... The name of the project APEX is a reduction from words " Active Plasma Experiments " . The core of the project are active experiments with injection of electron and (or) plasma beams from a board of the satellite with simultaneous registration of the phenomena, produced by interaction of injected beam with background plasma. ... Active experiments utilise modulated electron beam accelerator and source of modulated xenon plasma beam on the main spacecraft APEX. ...

Target: Venus . The Soviet VEGA Spacecraft Two remarkable "busloads" of automated spacecraft were launched toward Venus by the Soviet Union in December of 1984. Each one contains three separate modules: one lander and one balloon-carried atmosphere probe to be dropped off at Venus in June, 1985, and one major package of instruments which will continue on to encounter Halley's Comet in March, 1986. ... Venus and Earth: A Comparison . Earth . ... in Earth days) . ... 243 Earth days . ...

. The XMM-Newton website has moved to the following location: . http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton

Next: THE SCHED INPUT FILES Up: INFORMATION AND ADVICE ON Previous: Configuration Studies Contents . ... The NAIF software package from JPL is called to read the spice files and calculate positions. The NAIF software significantly increases the size of a SCHED distribution, and the satellite tracking capability is unlikely to be needed outside the AOC. ... To use the tracking capability, a Satellite Initialization section needs to be included in the main input file. ...

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... ISC Kosmotras . ... Dnepr launch record 17 August 2011. ... Dnepr Cluster Mission 2013 19 June 2014. ... On June 15, 2010 at 18:42:16 Moscow time (14:42:16 UTC) a launch of Dnepr launch vehicle with PRISMA spacecraft (Swedish Space Corporation) and PICARD spacecraft (French Space Agency - CNES) onboard was performed from Yasny launch base located in Orenburg region, Russia. ... This launch became the 14 th successful mission under Dnepr Program, and the 4 th one performed from Yasny launch base. ...

... What you are seeing, most likely, is a spacecraft in low Earth orbit reflecting back sunlight as it circles the Earth once every 90 minutes or so. Two of the brighter spacecraft in the present day sky are the International Space Station (ISS), and, when it is up, a NASA space shuttle. ... These lights were were the ISS and the space shuttle Discovery , which had undocked from the ISS a few hours earlier. ... Publications with keywords: international space station - ISS - space shuttle Discovery . ...

Databases (NSDC) of the Natural Planetary Satellites. ... NSDC: Database of astrometric observations of Natural Planetary Satellites . ... They are thoroughly looking for observations in different sources, creating their owndatabases which are then mostly inaccessible to other researchers. ... In the file "content" with explications, the reference is given to the data source as well as the bibliographic reference. ... Data sources. ... Why a specific bibliographic database for Natural satellites? ...

... HST . ... News and . ... When constructing the visits of your Phase 2 program, please consider the guidelines and rules given in the HST Primer, Section 6.2., to determine when to create new visits. ... Because the SAA reduces the full orbital visibility period of many targets for over half of the HST orbits each day (see Section 2.2.2 of the HST Primer), visits that require more than 5 consecutive orbits are less likely to have scheduling opportunities on most days of the HST observing cycle. ...

... Stansell Consulting Companion Article GPS World, Sept. ... Douglas Loverro ­ why replicate C/A code? Steve Lazar ­ first analysis and R/C code option LCDR Richard Fontana ­ led coordinated JPO effort Wai Cheung ­ organized, hosted, managed Dr. Charlie Cahn ­ codes, analyses, insight wisdom Dr. Phil Dafesh ­ lower bit rate hardware demo Rich Keegan ­ validated receiver feasibility Tom Stansell ­ coherent carrier, guided, presented Dr. A.J. Van ... L2C vs. ...

... 2011 March 14 . Spacecrafts Streak Over Colorado . ... What you are seeing, most likely, is a spacecraft in low Earth orbit reflecting back sunlight as it circles the Earth once every 90 minutes or so. Two of the brighter spacecraft in the present day sky are the International Space Station (ISS), and, when it is up, a NASA space shuttle. ... These lights were were the ISS and the space shuttle Discovery , which had undocked from the ISS a few hours earlier. ... About APOD | ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... Sky this Month . ... The Sky This Week: April 1 - 10 . The double star 54 Leonis, spiral galaxy NGC 3198, and emission nebula NGC 3199 . ... Sky this Week . ... Astronomy for Kids . ... Sky Guide . ... NASAт??s Glory satellite fails to reach orbit . ... NASA's Glory mission ended Friday after the spacecraft failed to reach orbit following its launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. ... Only registered members of Astronomy.com are allowed to comment on this article. ...

... Archives . ... The PCA and ICA is used for separating mixed components with some assumptions. ... The need of source separation methods in astronomy has led various adaptations of decomposition methods available. ... I rarely come up with a paper which gathered and summarized component separation methods applicable to astronomical data. In that regards, the following paper seems useful to overview methods of reducing dimensionality for astronomers. [arxiv:0805.0269] . ... Chandra Blog . ...