The Earth's magnetosphere global structure is conditioned by the interaction of the Solar wind and Earth's magnetic field. ... Many various magnetospheric models are available in the NSSDC . ... Fairfield D. H., Average and unusual location of the Earth's magnetopause and bow shock, J. Geophys. ... Stasiewicz K., Polar Cusp Topology and Position as a Function of Interplanetary Magnetic Field and Magnetic Activity: Comparison of a Model with Viking and other Observations, J. Geophys. ...

... nonlinear stabilization, the helicity, rotation and small-scale structures influence, the precursors of crisis processes development, the modeling of coherent structures evolution, applications in the natural disasters forecasting, for the helical structures generation in plasmas and astrophysics . ... Large-scale instabilities in hydrodynamics and plasmas . ... The turbulence in plasmas and in the atmosphere and MHD-turbulence . ...

... Viking Images . ... Each spacecraft consisted of an orbiter and a lander. ... The first month of orbit was devoted to imaging the surface to find appropriate landing sites for the Viking Landers. On July 20, 1976 Viking Lander 1 separated from the Orbiter and touched down at Chryse Planitia. ... The Viking Landers transmitted images of the surface, took surface samples and analyzed them for composition and signs of life, studied atmospheric composition and meteorology, and deployed seismometers. ...

Cosmic Research, Vol. 42, No. 5, 2004, pp. 435­488. Translated from Kosmicheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 42, No. 5, 2004, pp. 453­508. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Veselovsky, Panasyuk, Avdyushin, Bazilevskaya, Belov, Bogachev, Bogod, Bogomolov, Bothmer, Boyarchuk, Vashenyuk, Vlasov, Gnezdilov, Gorgutsa, Grechnev, Denisov, Dmitriev, Dryer, Yermolaev, Eroshenko, Zherebtsov, Zhitnik, Zhukov, Zastenker, Zelenyi, Zeldovich, Ivanov-Kholodnyi, Ignat'ev, Ishkov, Kolomiytsev, Krasheninnikov, Kudela,