Life detection on Europa from a lander: metabolic signatures Daniel Prieur UniversitИ de Bretagne Occidentale Brest, France Starting Hypothesis · If Life exists on Europa ­ Living Entities are small-sized and not visible from an Orbiter ­ Living Entities are organized like Cells and have properties similar to living Cells on Earth ­ These Cell-like Entities carry out Carbon Chemistry in liquid Water How to detect microbial This energy is used by cells to build macromolecules and biomass. ...

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Hubble Finds Oxygen Atmosphere On Jupiter's Moon Europa . Astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope (HST) have identified the presence of an extremely tenuous atmosphere of molecular oxygen around Jupiter's second moon, Europa . ... Europa's oxygen atmosphere is so tenuous that its surface pressure is barely one hundred billionth that of the Earth," said Principal Investigator Doyle Hall, of Johns Hopkins. ... The oxygen gas slowly leaks into space and must be replenished continuously. ...

... These electrons may be free or bound to an atom or ion. ... The modelling of a stellar atmospheres (or any astrophysical object) and its emergent radiation requires a detailed model of how photons interact with electrons. ... These "atomic data" are fundamental to accurate astrophysical modelling. ... For calculating model spectra of early-type helium stars in LTE, I maintain a database of atomic data for, mostly, blue-visual absorption lines of light elements. ... Simon's home page . ...

... 28.11.2001 . ... Credit: Greg Bacon ( STScI /AVL) Explanation: By directly detecting the atmosphere of a planet outside our Solar System , humanity has taken another small step toward finding extraterrestrial life . ... November 2001 . ... 2001 2002 . ... NASA Web Site Statements, Warnings, and Disclaimers . NASA Official: Jay Norris. ... Publications with keywords: extrasolar planet . Publications with words: extrasolar planet . ... Atmospheres Detected on Two Extrasolar Planets . ...

... 2001 November 28 . Extra-Solar Planetary Atmosphere Detected . ... Explanation: By directly detecting the atmosphere of a planet outside our Solar System , humanity has taken another small step toward finding extraterrestrial life . The unexpected detection by David Charbonneau ( Caltech ) and associates came from Hubble Space Telescope observations of Sun -like star HD 209458 . ... About APOD | ...

Magnesium : a new probe of the thermosphere / exosphere region V. Bourrier, A. Lecavelier des Etangs, A. Vidal-Madjar Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris/CNRS, Paris, France Atmospheric escape from HD209458b Transit observations in the Lyman- line of neutral Oxygen, carbon and silicium were also found in its Schlawin et al. 2010), carried away to high altitudes heavy species at high altitude: neutral ... 2003, Nature, 422, 143 Vidal-Madjar, A., DИsert, J.-M., et al. ...

... JWST . ... JWST will provide unprecedented stability to aperture masking, which should enable an order of magnitude better contrast than ground-based masking, in addition to a far lower thermal background. (click here for the abstract) . Reference: Greenbaum, A. G. , Johns Hopkins University, Co-authors: Laurent Pueyo, Anand Sivaramakrishnan, Sylvestre Lacour, 2015, ApJ, 798, 68 . ... Reference: Henry Lin , Harvard, Co-authors:- Gonzalo Gonzalez Abad and Abraham Loeb 2014, ApJ, 792, L7 . ...

Stationary Shock Waves. ... Influence of Medium Ionization on Shock Wave Propagation. Shock Waves with Decays. ... Results of Classic Theory of Radiation of the Electron Moving in Ion Field. ... Classification and Physical Features of Galaxies. X-Radiation of Coronae of Elliptical Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies. ... Methods of Obtaining of Information about Physical Conditions and Components of Interstellar Medium. ... Ionization Fronts and Shock Waves in the Interstellar Medium. ...

Plasma is sometimes called "the fourth state of matter", beyond the familiar three--solid, liquid and gas. It is a gas in which atoms have been broken up into free-floating negative electrons and positive ions , atoms which have lost electrons and are left with a positive electric charge. ... The fluorescent lamp , widely used in the home and at work, contains plasma (main constituent, mercury vapor) which is heated and agitated by electricity, from the power line to which the lamp is connected. ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... Observing . ... Star Atlas . ... stars . ... Astronomy for Kids . ... First detection of super-Earth atmosphere . The exoplanet 55 Cancri e has a dry atmosphere without any indications of water vapor. ... This makes it the first detection of gases in the atmosphere of a super-Earth. ... Only registered members of Astronomy.com are allowed to comment on this article. ... Receive news, sky-event information, observing tips, and more from Astronomy's weekly email newsletter. ...

... The Galactic low-mass X-ray binary GS 2023+338 was discovered during the burst on May 22, 1989 with the Japanise satellite Ginga (aka Galaxy). The flux reached 17 crabs (this unit of flux measurement is an bright X-ray source, Crab Nebula) at 10-35 keV. ... No other radio telescope worldwide carried out multi-frequency measurements. ... Upon 14 days the radio flux fell below the detection level at the RATAN-600 in relation to the decrease of the X-ray flux. ...

... Big planets are highly circular. PPT Slide . Things are very different for small planets . ... Surface Gravity . Gravity correlates with Size . ... 433 Eros . Atmospheres: big planets are all atmosphere . Medium sized planets have moderate atmospheres . Small planets have no atmospheres . Atmospheres . ... Home Page: http://msowww.anu.edu.au/~pfrancis/astr1001/ . ... Course Notes for ASTR1001 Astronomy ...

PixelVision Inc. ... Soft X-ray Imaging Systems . ... Figure 1: Schematic of a Back-Illuminated CCD . ... To complete CCD thinning, the back surface must be specially "treated" or very low and very unstable responsivity will be exhibited. ... Figure 2: Back-illuminated CCD electron hole pair generation rate as a function of depth from back surface . X-ray detection occurs in a CCD when a high-energy primary x-ray dissipates its energy in the silicon of the back-illuminated CCD. ...

... A2230 Date Received: 2006-May-31 13:15:17 Technical Page Proposal Type: General Category: Sub-Category: Observation Category: Total Time Requested: Minimum Useful Time: Prop osal Title: ABSTRACT: Regular Astronomy Spectroscopy Exoplanets 59 Hours 1.75 hours OH Masers in Extrasolar Planetary Atmospheres We propose to observe 14 nearby "hot Jupiters" for 18 cm OH masing lines. ... Detection of strong maser emission would suggest a new detection technique for extrasolar planets. ...

... Research of an atmosphere of the Earth and other planets of Solar system by optical methods . ... The long-term experience of study of atmospheres of planets of Solar system in a department of physics of planets has defined directions and methods of researches spent for laboratory . ... The tasks of laboratory are researches by optical methods of structure of a Terrestrial atmosphere, namely study of spectra of absorption of its compound radiation of natural and artificial sources. ...

Research Activities . Integrated superconducting submm receivers and spectrometers. ... Superconducting Integrated Submm Spectrometer for Laboratory Applications. ... Proposed Superconducting Integrated Submm spectrometer for laboratory applications can in situ detect radiation from a coolable rf source (4 - 100 K) within frequency range of 200 - 700 GHz at receiver noise temperature: below 500 K (direct detection sensitivity better than 10 -13 W). ... Prototype of the Integrated spectrometer (a). ...

Stellarium 0.12.3 . ... Classes . ... FileљStructure . ... Atmosphere Class Reference . ... More... #include < Atmosphere.hpp > . voidљ . computeColor (double JD, Vec3d _sunPos, Vec3d moonPos, float moonPhase, StelCore *core, float eclipseFac, float latitude=45.f, float altitude=200.f, float temperature=15.f, float relativeHumidity=40.f) . ... Get fade in/out duration in seconds. ... getFlagShow () const . ... getFadeIntensity (void) const . ... Definition at line 40 of file Atmosphere.hpp . ...

Russian SHAREABLE DATA CENTER Institute of Solar-Terrestial Physics SB RAS . ... To improve the quality of ionograms and to carry out on automatic ionogram processing we have developed a special software, which can be arbitraly devided into the following main parts: . ... Ionogram processing software on the basis of image processing; . Interactive ionogram processing software. ... Here we present ionogram samples for different kinds of chirp sounding . ... Capabilities and samples | ...

... Optical, X-ray, -ray, UV . ... Crab, B0540-69, Geminga, B1509-58, Vela . Optical - Crab, B0540-69, Geminga, Vela . ... X-ray - 27 pulsars (13 pulsed), 7 msps (3 pulsed) . X-ray - 3 thermal surface cooling emission . X-rays pulsed, unpulsed or from bow shock . Outer gap emission . ...