... Using the central limit theorem, the total noise can be approximated by a Gaussian or normal distribution which has the frequency function : . ... where is the mean intensity of the source. ... In the statistical analysis of the probability distribution of data several estimators based on moments are used. ... For a normal distribution, these moments are and while for a Poisson distribution are and . Besides these moments other estimators are used to describe a distribution e.g. median and mode . ...

... Meta Index / Home Page . ... Description . Errors . ... Keyword TIMEDEL missing in Input File . ... Negative background values in Input File . ... Negative count rates in Input File . ... Null or negative Bin Width in Input File . ... CONTENT parameter for input file is .. ... Keyword CONTENT missing in Input File . ... Keyword EXPOSURE missing in Input File . ... Keyword HDUCLASS missing in Input File . ... Keyword TSTART missing in Input . ... Null or negative exposure time in Input File . ...

... Abstract Fetch from the kernel pool the double precision values of an item associated with a body. ... It's an error to supply an output array that is too small to hold all of the values associated with the requested kernel variable. Detailed_Output dim is the number of values returned; this is always the number of values associated with the requested kernel variable unless an error has been signaled. values is the array of values associated with the requested kernel variable. ...

The examples of the errors. ... Observations with ordinary values of the "Mean error of single observation" Obj Code DT RA (O-C) DEC (O-C) mag z h m s " ° ' " " ° 3907 761 1998 08 24.383673 3 17 44.739 0.28 +30 46 00.84 -0.08 15.8 18 3907 761 1998 08 24.409133 3 17 46.152 0.28 +30 46 10.85 0.12 15.8 11 3907 761 1998 08 25.392523 3 18 40.107 0.33 +30 52 27.69 0.04 15.4 15 Total mean value of 3 observations 0.297±0.017 0.027±0.058 Mean error of single observation 0.029 0.101 COMMENT. ...

... Let us first find out which way -- rise in spectral resolution with some loss in the S/N ratio or increase in the S/N ratio with a fixed spectral resolution -- is better for the purpose of reduction of equivalent width determination errors. ... N -- number of counts for 1 ? ... line equivalent width, . ... Thus if the spectral resolution is managed to be increased (i.e. to decrease )without loss in the number of counts falling at 1 ?, the equivalent width measurement error is then proportional to . ...

In the Table below the masses of some asteroids which were determined during the last years are listed. ... The listed values were determined from observations of many test bodies by the weighted least square fit for one perturbing mass and corrections to the orbit elements of all used test bodies. ... based on the observations of 98 asteroids (including 50278) with the values of standard error of mass determination less than 3.0 10 -11 M Sun . ... Mass . ... 3) Mass 121 : 0.74 x 10 -11 M Sun ; . ...

Next: Phenomenological Kick Velocity Up: Restrictions on the Scenario Previous: The COOC Criterion (Criterion . ... The results of testing and parameters without kick velocity are presented in the form of "topographical maps" (i.e. as isolines) of constant ``COOC'' criterion in the plane calculated separately for each of the binary species listed in Table  4 (Figures  16 - 20 ). The total COOC criterion calculated with equal weights is shown in Figure  21 . ...

... Posts tagged ?error? ... Having an article with nice stories, it looks to me the best way to introduce the t distribution. ... Category: arXiv , Fitting , Frequentist , Quotes , Stat | Comment . ... You would think that something like ?measurement error? is a well-defined concept, and everyone knows what it means. ... I have so far counted at least 3 different interpretations of what it means. ... Measurement error is ? ... Astronomers use this too to refer to measurement error. ... Entries RSS . ...

If the calculated chi-squared statistic exceeds a tabled value for the appropriate number of degrees of freedom, then observed values are significantly different from expected values at the confidence level indicated by p. For one degree of freedom: . p=0.05, 3.84; p=0.025, 5.02; p=0.01, 6.64; p=0.005, 7.88 . For two degrees of freedom: . ... For three degrees of freedom: . ... For four degrees of freedom: . ... For five degrees of freedom: . ...

Next: Text I/O Up: Miriad Subroutine Library Previous: Task Parameters . Many Miriad routines perform error checking internally, and bomb out if an error is detected. Other Miriad routines pass back a status value (generally the last subroutine argument). ... Two routines can be called to indicate an error: subroutine bug(severity,text) subroutine bugno(severity,number) Here severity is a single character, being either 'w', 'e' or 'f' , meaning warning, error and fatal respectively. ...

Download Izmccd (~2.7 MB). ... for 1-5 bytes is number of a numbered minor planet, . ... Positions 1-80 file "mpcreportiz.txt" are similar to positions of file "mpcreport.txt". 83-95 – errors of unit weight, . ... If this tag is " 1 0 " , this record contains results of measurements of an image of object (approximation by "PSF"),  . ... 57-66 – error in X (pixels), for first star in a multicentric image, for subsequent it is error in (distance between first star in the image and this), . ...

... 1.7 GSC 084 Pulkovo Obs., 0.33 15 x 15' 1.0" 7 34 0.179 0.307 Normal Asgr. 3.0 UCAC 118 Slovakia, 0.57 14 x 10' 1.7" 3 12 0.090 0.145 Modra 3.3 USNO 127 Germany, 0.19 30 x 20' 2.4" 3 15 0.151 0.087 Bornheim 0.8 GSC 168 34 200 0.282 0.315 291 USA,Kitt Peak, 1.8 390 x 30' 1.0" 1 5 0.143 0.144 Spacewatch II 4.7 USNO 300 Japan, 0.5 78 x 78' 2.3" 7 36 0.420 0.447 Bisei Center 1.3 ACT 461 Hungary, JATE 0.60 28 x 19' 1.1" 6 22 0.124 0.153 Asteroid Surv. ... Polynesia 1.0 UCAC F85 Tiki Obs., ...

polimodel -- Produce model linear polarization and position angle images . ... Whether to apply random errors to output polarization and position angle values. seed = "" [integer] . ... This task produces a model linear polarization image and corresponding position angle image from an input image assumed to represent intensity (Stokes I parameter). ... A threshold for the input image can be defined such that polarization and position angle are not computed for input values less than this threshold. ...

polimodel -- Produce model linear polarization and position angle images . ... Whether to apply random errors to output polarization and position angle values. seed = "" [integer] . ... This task produces a model linear polarization image and corresponding position angle image from an input image assumed to represent intensity (Stokes I parameter). ... A threshold for the input image can be defined such that polarization and position angle are not computed for input values less than this threshold. ...

... drv dbf : rf drive as db full scale from gui (see calibration plots 151021 :gui synth driver) . ... tube elements: voltage, current for each tube stage (scrn,cathode only have currents) . ... cGrid: control grid. ... scrGrid : screen grid. cath A : cathode.. expected meter values when running at 100KW (from manual) . ... 151026 : tx1-6 on sky no rf . 151027 : tx3 on dummy load, ipa glitching . ... Tube element . IPA . ... tube section . ... drv Anode . ... ipa Anode . ... Fila V/A . ... 240 . ...

... The goal of this analysis is to determine to what extent the systematic errors affect the measured eclipse depth and time of mid-eclipse. ch1 0.120 0.120 0.300 ch2 0.120 0.120 0.300 0.00213 0 .0 0 0 Tmid Kurtosis Poly Wave MCMC ch1 ch2 9 13 0.06 0.92 1.5 - 0 .2 3 0.00094 0.000 Figure 3: p vs. rank plots showing that with the extra systematic error added the results for the depth in channel 1 (left) and channel 2 (right) become close to Gaussian. ...

... Chapter 14. ... Data consist of numbers, of course. ... In the following sections, you will repeatedly encounter the following paradigm: § apply some formula to the data to compute a statistic § compute where the value of that statistic falls in a probability distribution that is computed on the basis of some null hypothesis § if it falls in a very unlikely spot, way out on a tail of the distribution , conclude that the null hypothesis is false for your ... 609 610 Chapter 14. ...

DIGITAL WDC EXCHANGE FORMAT . FOR OBSERVATORY 1.0 MINUTE VALUES 1. ... DATA-1 .. DATA-60 are 1-minute values of the given element for that hour. ... Typically, digital 1-minute values received by WDCs from organizations operating automatic magnetic observatory instruments are averages of more frequendy sampled values, e.g. 10-second point samples. ... If the method used to obtain 1-minute average values is important to a user, the WDC will assist in determining the exact procedure applied. ...

New reduction of minor planets photographic plates obtained with Pulkovo Normal Astrograph A.A. Berezhnoy Pulkovo Observatory of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, Russia Minor Planet observations at Pulkovo Periodical observations of 14 bright asteroids named Selected Minor Planets (SMP) were performed at Pulkovo since 1948 within the international framework started by works of B.V. Numerov and D. Brouwer. ... 108 133 113 74 124 67 97 88 14 84 64 5 20 19 Epochs (YYYY.MM) 1200 Mean values of total obs. ...

... Up: Data Analysis and Processing Techniques . ... Also, a method for quality control of CCD observations is suggested. ... Everyone who observes a celestial object using a CCD detects moving celestial objects as a ``by product''. ... We hope that our investigations may be useful for near-Earth space control and also for searches of the moving celestial objects through analysis of old and new CCD frames obtained at any amateur or professional astronomical observatory. ...